1、3 TIA/EIA STANDARD ANSI/TIA/EIA-455-214-2OOO Approved: September 26, 2000 FOTP-214 IEC 61290-1 Optical Fibre Amplifiers - Part 1: Generic Specification TIMEIA-455-214 OCTOBER 2000 1 TELECOMMUNICATIONS INDUSTRY ASSOCIATION Representing the telecommunications indushy in association with the Electronic
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3、rchaser in selecting and obtaining with minimum delay the proper product for his particular need. Existence of such Standards and Publications shall not in any respect preclude any member or nonmember of TMIA fi-om manufacturing or selling products not conforming to such Standards and Publications,
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6、gulatory requirements. It is the responsibility of the user of this Standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and to determine the applicability of regulatory limitations before its use. These Materials are subject to copyright claims of IEC, ANSI, and TIA. No part of this public
7、ation may be reproduced in any form, including an electronic retrieval system, without the prior written permission of TIA. All requests pertaining to the FOTP-2 14 IEC 6 1290-1 Optical Fibre Amplifiers - Part 1 : Generic Specification Standard should be submitted to TIA. (From Standards Proposal No
8、. 4801, formulated under the cognizance of the TIA FO-2.1 Subcommittee on Single Mode Systems.) Published by TELECOMMUNICATIONS INDUSTRY ASSOCIATION 2000 Standards and Technology Department 2500 Wilson Boulevard Arlington, VA 22201 PRICE: Please refer to current Catalog of PUBLICATIONS or call Globa
9、l Engineering Documents, USA and Canada (1-800-854-7179) International (303-397-7956) EIA ELECTRONIC INDUSTRIES ALLIANCE STANDARDS and ENGINEERING All rights reserved Printed in U.S.A. 61291-1 O IEC:1998 . TIA/EIA-455-214 CONTENTS Page . FOREWORD III INTRODUCTION IV . 1 General . 1 Scope and object
10、1 Parameters 2 2 Classification . 2 3 Definitions . 3 3.1 OFA devices . 4 1 . 1 1 . 2 1 . 3 Normative references 1 3.2 OFA subsystems . 11 4 Requirements . 14 4.1 Preferred values 15 4.2 Sampling . 15 4.3 Product identification for storage and shipping 15 5 Quality assessment . 15 6 Test methods . 1
11、5 Annexes A List of abbreviations 16 B Index of definitions 17 C Bibliography . 21 I 61291-1 O IEC:1998 - TIA/EIA-455-214 II 61291-1 O IEC:1998 - TIA/EIA-455-214 FDIS 86C/193/FDIS INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION Report on voting 86C/217/RVD TIA/EIA-455-214 - FOTP214 OPTICAL FIBRE AMPLIFIER
12、S - Part 1 : Generic specification FOREWORD 1) The I EC (International Electrotechnical Commission) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of the IEC is to promote international co-operation on all que
13、stions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To this end and in addition to other activities, the IEC publishes International Standards. Their preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested in the subject dealt with may participa
14、te in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non- governmental organizations liaising with the IEC also participate in this preparation. The IEC collaborates closely with the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by agreement be
15、tween the two organizations. 2) The formal decisions or agreements of the IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all interested National Committees. 3) The document
16、s produced have the form of recommendations for international use and are published in the form of standards, technical reports or guides and they are accepted by the National Committees in that sense. 4) In order to promote international unification, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC I
17、nternational Standards transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional standards. Any divergence between the IEC Standard and the corresponding national or regional standard shall be clearly indicated in the latter. 5) The IEC provides no marking procedure to indicate its
18、 approval and cannot be rendered responsible for any equipment declared to be in conformity with one of its standards. 6) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this International Standard may be the subject of patent rights. The IEC shall not be held responsible for iden
19、tifying any or all such patent rights. International standard IEC 61291 -1 has been prepared by subcommittee 86C: Fibre optic systems and active devices, of IEC technical committee 86: Fibre optics. The text of this standard is based on the following documents: Full information on the voting for the
20、 approval of this standard can be found in the report on voting indicated in the above table. Annexes A, B and C are for information only. . III 61291-1 O IEC:1998 - TIA/EIA-455-214 I NTRO DUCTI O N As far as can be determined, this is the first International Standard on the subject of optical fibre
21、 amplifiers. The technology is quite new and still emerging, hence amendments and new editions to this standard can be expected. Each abbreviation introduced is explained in the text at least the first time it appears. However, for an easier understanding of the whole text, a list of all abbreviatio
22、ns used is given in annex A. IV 61291-1 O IEC:1998 - TIA/EIA-455-214 TIA/EIA-455-214 - FOTP214 OPTICAL FIBRE AMPLIFIERS - Part 1 : Generic specification 1 General 1.1 Scope and object This part of IEC 61291 applies to optical fibre amplifiers (OFAs) and optically amplified, elementary subsystems. It
23、 applies only to OFAs using active fibres, containing rare-earth dopants, presently commercially available. The object of this standard is: to establish uniform requirements for transmission, operation, reliability and environmental properties of OFAs; to provide assistance to the purchaser in the s
24、election of consistently high-quality OFA products for his particular applications. NOTE -This International Standard has been prepared from the experience with Erbium-doped silica- based fibre amplifiers, operating in the 1 550 nm wavelength region. Future OFAs, based on different active fibres and
25、 possibly operating in different wavelengths regions, are not intended to be excluded from this International Standard and may lead to additional definitions and test methods, as well as to modifications of the existing ones. 1.2 Normative references The following normative documents contain provisi
26、ons which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this part of IEC 61291. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All normative documents are subject to revision, and parties to agreements based on this part of IEC 61291 are encouraged to investigate the poss
27、ibility of applying the most recent editions of the normative documents indicated below. Members of IEC and IS0 maintain registers of currently valid International Standards. IEC 60793-1 -1 :1995, Optical fibres - Part 1: Generic specification - Section 1: General IEC 60825-1 :1993, Safety of laser
28、products - Part 1: Equipment classification, requirements and users guide IEC 60825-2:1993, Safety of laser products - Part 2: Safety of optical fibre communication sys tems IEC 60874-1 :1993, Connectors for optical fibres and cables - Part 1: Generic specification IEC 61290 (all parts), Optical fib
29、re amplifiers - Basic specification 1 61291-1 O IEC:1998 - TIA/EIA-455-214 1.3 Parameters Parameters specified for OFAs are those characterizing the transmission, operation, reliability and environmental properties of the OFA seen as a “black box” from a general point of view. In the sectional and d
30、etail specifications a subset of these parameters will be specified according to the type and application of the particular OFA device or subsystem. 2 Classification OFAs are devices which provide optical amplification using an optical fibre as the active medium. Conventional fibres can be used, exp
31、loiting non-linear effects, such as Raman and Brillouin stimulated emission. As indicated under the scope, this generic specification applies only to OFAs using active fibres, containing rare earth dopants and presently commercially available. Different categories of OFAs can be envisaged depending
32、on the composition of the active fibres used and the use of the OFA itself. These categories will be identified by a capital letter, a number and a lower case letter, as follows: Capital letter: A Number: 1 2 Pre-amplifiers 3 Line amplifiers 4 OAT (optically amplified transmitter) 5 OAR (optically a
33、mplified receiver) Lower case letter: a b c OFAs using silica-based fibres doped with Erbium ions to produce an active fibre. Power amplifiers (post-amplifiers or booster amplifiers) Amplifiers for analogue, single (wavelength) channel transmission Amplifiers for digital, single (wavelength) channel
34、 transmission Amplifiers for digital, multi-channel (wavelength) transmission EXAMPLE - Category A2b refers to optical pre-amplifiers for digital transmission which use a silica-based fibre doped with Erbium ions to produce an active fibre. The power amplifier is a high saturation-power OFA device t
35、o be used directly after the optical transmitter to increase its signal power level. The pre-amplifier is a very low noise OFA device to be used directly before an optical receiver to improve its sensitivity. 2 61291-1 O IEC:1998 - TIA/EIA-455-214 The line amplifier is a low noise OFA device to be u
36、sed between passive fibre sections to increase the regeneration lengths or in correspondence with a point-multipoint connection to compensate for branching losses in the optical access network. The OAT is an OFA subsystem in which a power amplifier is integrated with an optical transmitter, resultin
37、g in a higher power transmitter. The OAR is an OFA subsystem in which a pre-amplifier is integrated with an optical receiver, resulting in a higher sensitivity receiver. 3 Definitions For the purpose of this part of IEC 61291, the following definitions apply. The definitions listed in this clause re
38、fer to the meaning of the terms used in the specifications of OFAs. Only those parameters listed in the proper detail specification are intended to be specified. NOTE - The titles of all subclauses in clause 3 have been indexed and cross-referenced in annex B. The list of parameter definitions of OF
39、As, given in the following part of this clause, is divided into two parts: the first part lists those parameters relevant for OFA devices, namely power, pre and line- amplifiers; the second part lists the parameters relevant for optically amplified, elementary subsystems, namely the optically amplif
40、ied transmitter (OAT) and the optically amplified receiver (OAR). In any case where the value of a parameter is given for a particular device, it will be necessary to specify certain appropriate operating conditions such as temperature, bias current, pump optical power, etc. In this clause, two diff
41、erent operating conditions are referred to: nominal operating conditions, which are those suggested by the manufacturer for normal use of the OFA, and limit operating conditions, in which all the parameters adjustable by the user (e.g. temperature, gain, pump laser injection current, etc.) are at th
42、eir maximum values, according to the absolute maximum ratings stated by the manufacturer. The OFA shall be considered as a “black box“, as shown in figure 1. The OFA device shall have two optical ports, namely an input and an output port (figure la). The OAT and OAR are to be considered as OFA integ
43、rated on the transmitter side or on the receiver side, respectively. Both kinds of integration imply that the connection between the transmitter or the receiver and the OFA is proprietary and shall not be specified. Consequently, only the optical output port can be defined for the OAT (after the OFA
44、, as shown in figure lb) and only the optical input port can be defined for the OAR (before the OFA, as shown in figure IC). The optical ports may consist of unterminated fibres or optical connectors. Electrical connections for power supply (not shown in figure 1) are also necessary. Following this
45、“black box“ approach, the typical loss of one connection and the corresponding uncertainty will be included within the values of gain, noise figure and other parameters of the OFA device. Input Poft pq Output Poft pq Output PO ft PO ft Input IEC 1027/98 IEC 1028/98 IEC 1029/98 Figure la - OFA device
46、 Figure 1 b - OAT Figure IC - OAR 3 61291-1 O IEC:1998 - TIA/EIA-455-214 Figure 1 - The OFA device and subsystems The OFA amplifies signals in a nominal operating wavelength region. In addition other signals outside of the band of operating wavelength can in some applications, also cross the OFA. Th
47、e purpose of these out-of-band signals and their wavelength, or wavelength region, can be specified in the detail specifications. For category A OFAs, the operating wavelength will be .h the 550 nm region and the out-of-band wavelength may be specified in the detail specification. NOTE 1 - Except wh
48、ere noted, the optical powers mentioned in the following are intended as average powers. NOTE 2 - It should be noted that the measured optical powers are open beam powers: this can result in differences of about 0,18 dB in the measurement of absolute power levels. 3.1 OFA devices 3.1 .O gain in an O
49、FA which is externally connected to an input jumper fibre, the increase of signal optical power from the output end of the jumper fibre to the OFA output port, expressed in decibels NOTE 1 - The gain includes the connection loss between the input jumper fibre and the OFA input port. NOTE 2 - It is assumed that the jumper fibres are of the same type as the fibres used as input and output port of the OFA. NOTE 3 - Care should be taken to exclude the amplified spontaneous emission power from the signal optical powers. 3.1.1 small-signal gain gain of the amplifier, when operated in linear regim
