1、TIASTANDARDFOTP-200Insertion Loss of Connectorized Polarization-Maintaining Fiber orPolarizing Fiber Pigtailed Devices and Cable Assemblies TIA-455-200September 2001 TELECOMMUNICATIONS INDUSTRY ASSOCIATION ANSI/TIA/EIA-455-200-2001 Approved: September 19, 2001 Reaffirmed: April 25, 2008 NOTICETIA En
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6、nd health practices and to determine the applicability of regulatory limitations before its use. (From Standards Proposal No. 3-2761, formulated under the cognizance of the TIA FO-4 Fiber Optics, FO-4.3 Subcommittee on Passive Optical Devices and Components.) Published by TELECOMMUNICATIONS INDUSTRY
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21、INDIRECT, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING DAMAGES FOR LOSS OF BUSINESS, LOSS OF PROFITS, LITIGATION, OR THE LIKE), WHETHER BASED UPON BREACH OF CONTRACT, BREACH OF WARRANTY, TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE), PRODUCT LIABILITY OR OTHERWISE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUC
22、H DAMAGES. THE FOREGOING NEGATION OF DAMAGES IS A FUNDAMENTAL ELEMENT OF THE USE OF THE CONTENTS HEREOF, AND THESE CONTENTS WOULD NOT BE PUBLISHED BY TIA WITHOUT SUCH LIMITATIONS. TIA/EIA-455-200iContents1. Introduction12. Normative references 33. Apparatus44. Sampling and specimens85. Procedure86.
23、Calculations.117. Documentation118. Specification information.12ANNEX A. Comparison between this standard and other TIA, IEC or ITU standards.13ANNEX B. Sample LED-based measurement system .14ANNEX C. Sample LD-based measurement system16Figure 1. Types of Polarization-Maintaining Fiber2Figure 2. Ins
24、ertion loss measurement system schematic8Figure 3. Steps 5.3 through 5.410Figure 4. Steps 5.5 and 5.610Figure 5. Example of LED-Based Calibration Set-Up For 0dB Setting. .14Figure 6. Example of LED-BASED Final Measurement Setup With DUT15Figure 7. Example of LD-Based 0dB Reference Setup16Figure 8. E
25、xample of LD-Based Final Measurement Setup.17Table 1. Wavelength Requirements Of Optical Power Source 5TIA/EIA-455-200iiThis Page Left BlankTIA/EIA-455-200iii_Foreword_This Standard comes from TIA Project No. 4245 and was formulated under thecognizance of TIA subcommittee FO-6.9.This FOTP is part of
26、 a series of test procedures included within RecommendedStandard TIA/EIA-455.This Standard describes a new test method. There are three annexes to this Standard,all are informative.Key words: polarization-maintaining fiber, polarizing fiber, PMF, PMZ. attenuation,insertion loss.TIA/EIA-455-200ivThis
27、 Page Left BlankTIA/EIA-455-2001FOTP-200Insertion Loss of ConnectorizedPolarization-Maintaining Fiber or Polarizing FiberPigtailed Devices and Cable Assemblies_1. Introduction_1.1 IntentThis Standard specifies a procedure for the measurement of the insertion loss ofa fiber optic interconnection on s
28、ingle mode, highly linearly birefringent opticalfiber, i.e. either polarization-maintaining fiber (PMF) or polarizing fiber (PZF).The connector can be mounted on the PMF/PZF pigtail of a component or partof a cable assembly. Insertion loss, as used in this Standard, is the measuredattenuation of the
29、 interconnection, expressed in decibels. The methoddescribed in this Standard is the PMF/PZF equivalent of ANSI/TIA/EIA-455-171Method D with the insertion loss reported as a positive number.1.2 DefinitionsFor the purposes of this Standard, the following definitions apply.Birefringence. The property
30、of a material in which orthogonal light polarizationshave different indices of refraction, which cause the light at those polarizationsto travel at different speeds (also referred to as the fast and slow axes). Linearlybirefringent fiber maintains linear polarization states along the length of the f
31、iber.Unstable birefringence in standard single-mode fiber causes the states ofpolarization to behave in an unpredictable way. Polarization-maintaining fibersare a special class of single-mode fibers with a highly birefringent waveguidestructure that maintain the polarization states across the length
32、 of the fiber.Polarizer/Analyzer. An optical element designed to transmit light of a singlepolarization state - most commonly, a linear state. When a polarizer is placedat the output of an optical system, it is called an analyzer.Extinction. The ratio of the optical power passed in the transmitted p
33、olarizationstate to the power passed in the orthogonal polarization state. The extinction ofa polarizing element is measured with unpolarized light incident.TIA/EIA-455-2002Polarization Crosstalk. The ratio of the power that crosses over to the initiallyunexcited polarization state to the power that
34、 remains in the initially excited state(both powers measured at the elements distal end). The polarization crosstalkof a birefringent element is measured with polarized light, aligned to be parallelto either of the elements principal axes, incident.Polarization-Maintaining Fiber (PMF). A class of hi
35、ghly linearly birefringentsingle-mode fiber, unlike the common variety of low birefringence, single-modefiber used in telecommunication networks. PMF is used to guide linearlypolarized light from point to point, that is, to ensure that polarization does notchange with distance. As shown in figure 1,
36、 the birefringence of commercialPMF is stress-induced by placing the core between or within glass elements ofdifferent physical composition, or by forming a non-round core.Polarizing Fiber (PZF). A highly birefringent optical fiber in which only onepolarization state is propagated with low attenuati
37、on.Principal Optical Axes. Those optical axes for which the speed of light in alinearly birefringent material is a maximum or a minimum.Slow Axis. The optical axis of a PMF or PZF which is aligned to the stress rods(as in PANDA or Bow-tie fiber), the stress region (as in Oval stress region fiber),or
38、 the major axis of an elliptical core fiber. For PMF to be actually polarizationmaintaining, linearly polarized light must be aligned with one of the axes,commonly the slow axis. By convention, the anti-rotation key of the connectorshould be aligned with the slow axis as defined in FOCIS-4A and to b
39、e followedfor other connector types, as shown in Figure 1.Fast Axis. The optical axis of a PMF or PZF which is orthogonal to the slowaxis. See Figure 1.PandaBow TieOvalCoreOval StressRegionSlow axis(Aligned WithConnector Key)FastAxisFigure 1. Types of Polarization-Maintaining FiberTIA/EIA-455-2003De
40、vice Under Test (DUT). The specimen, or device, under test.Laser Diode (LD). Optical power source incorporating a typically coherent laserdiode as its basic emitting device.Light-Emitting Diode (LED). Optical power source incorporating a non-coherent light-emitting diode as its basic emitting device
41、._2. Normative references_The following standards contain provisions, which, through reference in this text,constitute provisions of this Standard. At the time of publication, the editionsindicated were valid. All standards are subject to revision, and parties toagreements based on this Standard are
42、 encouraged to investigate the possibilityof applying the most recent editions of the standards indicated below. ANSI andTIA maintain registers of currently valid national standards published by them.ANSI/TIA/EIA 440-A Fiber Optic TerminologyANSI/TIA/EIA 455-A Standard Test Procedure for Fiber Optic
43、 Fibers, Cables, Transducers, Sensors, Connecting and Terminating Devices, and Other Fiber Optic ComponentsANSI/TIA/EIA 455-80 FOTP-80, Cut-off Wavelength MeasurementProcedureANSI/TIA/EIA 455-171 FOTP-171, Attenuation by Substitution Measurementfor Short Length Multimode Graded Index and Single-Mode
44、 Optical Fiber Cable AssembliesANSI/TIA/EIA 455-193 FOTP-193, Polarization Crosstalk Test Method forPolarization-Maintaining Optical FiberANSI/TIA/EIA 455-201 FOTP-201, Return Loss of ConnectorizedPolarization-Maintaining Fiber or Polarizing FiberPigtailed Devices and ComponentsANSI/TIA/EIA 604 Fibe
45、r Optic Connector Intermateability StandardTIA/EIA-455-2004ANSI/TIA/EIA 604-4A FOCIS 4A, Fiber Optic Connector IntermateabilityStandard Type FC with APC and PolarizationMaintaining RequirementsIEC 61300-3-24 Fiber Optic Interconnecting Devices and PassiveComponents Basic Test and MeasurementProcedur
46、es Part 3-24: Examinations andMeasurements Keying Accuracy of OpticalConnectors for Polarization Maintaining FibreTELCORDIA GR-326-CORE Generic Specification for Single ModeConnectors and Cable Assemblies (Issue 3)_3. Apparatus_Refer to figure 2 for a schematic diagram of the apparatus to be used.3.
47、1 Optical power sourceThe optical power and wavelength of the light source must either be stable overthe duration of the test or normalized by means of a reference. Without areference, the uncontrolled variation in source power must be less than 1%(0.05 dB) during the measurement. The center wavelen
48、gth of the source shallbe within the parameters provided in Table 1. The source power must be keptbelow the level required to induce non-linear propagation effects; 10 mW istypically a safe limit.TIA/EIA-455-2005Table 1. Wavelength Requirements Of Optical Power SourceNominal Wavelength Center Wavelength1310nm 1310nm +/- 30nm1550nm 1550nm +/- 30nmThe source spe
