1、 TIA-455-41-A-1993 APPROVED: NOVEMBER 2, 1993 REAFFIRMED: DECEMBER 26, 2001 REAFFIRMED: FEBRUARY 6, 2013 TIA-455-41-A (Revision of TIA-455-41) December 1993FOTP- 41 Compressive Loading Resistance of Optical Fiber Cables NOTICE TIA Engineering Standards and Publications are designed to serve the publ
2、ic interest through eliminating misunderstandings between manufacturers and purchasers, facilitating interchangeability and improvement of products, and assisting the purchaser in selecting and obtaining with minimum delay the proper product for their particular need. The existence of such Standards
3、 and Publications shall not in any respect preclude any member or non-member of TIA from manufacturing or selling products not conforming to such Standards and Publications. Neither shall the existence of such Standards and Publications preclude their voluntary use by Non-TIA members, either domesti
4、cally or internationally. Standards and Publications are adopted by TIA in accordance with the American National Standards Institute (ANSI) patent policy. By such action, TIA does not assume any liability to any patent owner, nor does it assume any obligation whatever to parties adopting the Standar
5、d or Publication. This Standard does not purport to address all safety problems associated with its use or all applicable regulatory requirements. It is the responsibility of the user of this Standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and to determine the applicability of regulato
6、ry limitations before its use. (From Project No. 3-3884-RV1-RF2, formulated under the cognizance of the TIA TR-42 Telecommunications Cabling Systems, TR-42.12 Subcommittee on Optical Fibers and Cables). Published by TELECOMMUNICATIONS INDUSTRY ASSOCIATION Technology (b) there is no assurance that th
7、e Document will be approved by any Committee of TIA or any other body in its present or any other form; (c) the Document may be amended, modified or changed in the standards development or any editing process. The use or practice of contents of this Document may involve the use of intellectual prope
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18、CLUDING DAMAGES FOR LOSS OF BUSINESS, LOSS OF PROFITS, LITIGATION, OR THE LIKE), WHETHER BASED UPON BREACH OF CONTRACT, BREACH OF WARRANTY, TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE), PRODUCT LIABILITY OR OTHERWISE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES. THE FOREGOING NEGATION OF DAMAGES IS A FUNDAMEN
19、TAL ELEMENT OF THE USE OF THE CONTENTS HEREOF, AND THESE CONTENTS WOULD NOT BE PUBLISHED BY TIA WITHOUT SUCH LIMITATIONS. Section 1. 2. EIA TIA-455-41A 73 m 3234600 0552175 150 m FOTP-4 1 COMPRESSIVE LOADING RESISTANCE OF FIBER OPTIC CABLES CONTENTS 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. INTRODUCTION APPLICABLE DOCUMENT
20、S APPARATUS SAMPLING AND PROCEDURE CALCULATIONS SPECIMENS OR INTERPRETATION DOCUMENTATION SPECIFICATION INFORMATION OF RESULTS APPENDIX COMPARISON BETWEEN FOTP-41 AND IEC, ISO, AND CCITT REQUIREMENTS FIGURE 1 TEST FIXTURE AND TEST ARRANGEMENT Page 1 2 3 4 5 8 8 9 10 3 i EIA TIA-455-4LA 93 3234600 05
21、52176 097 TIA/EIA-455-41A Page 1 FOTP-4 1 COMPRESSIVE LOADING RESISTANCE OF FIBER OPTIC CABLES (From EIA Standards Proposal No. 2355, formulated under the cognizance of TIA FO-6.7, Subcommittee on Fiber Optic Cables, and TIA FO-6.4, Subcommittee on Fiber Optic Test Methods and Instrumentation.) This
22、 FOTP is part of the series of test procedures included within Recommended Standard EIA/TIA-455. NOTE : This FOTP was originally published in EIA-455-41 as FOTP-41. 1. INTRODUCTION 0 The intent of this test is to determine the ability of a fiber optic cable to mechanically and optically withstand, o
23、r recover from (or both), the effects of a slowly-applied compressive force. The following parameters may be measured or observed: 1.1 the number of fibers broken during the compressive loading, 1.2 or after the loading, the changes in optical transmittance or attenuation during 1.3 any change in th
24、e outer covering. EIA TIA-455-4LA 93 m 3234600 0552377 T23 m TIA/EIA-455-41A Page 2 2. APPLICABLE DOCUMENTS The following documents form specified herein: EIA/TIA-455-A FOTP-13 (E IA/TIA-4 55- 13 ) FOTP-2 O (E IA/ TIA- 4 55- 2 OA) FOT P- 4 6 ( E IA/ T IA- 4 5 5- 4 6A) FOTP-53 (EIA/TIA-4 55- 53A) FOT
25、P- 61 (EIA/TIA- 4 55- 61A) 2 FOTP-7 8 (E IA/TIA- 4 55- 7 8A) IEC 794-1, Second Edition IEC 794-2, Second Edition a part of this FOTP to the extent “Standard Test Procedures for Fiber Optic Fibers, Cables, Tranducers, Sensors, Connecting and Terminating Devices, and Other Fiber Optic Components“ “Vi
26、sua 1 and Mechanical Inspection of Fiber Optic Components, Devices and Ass embl i es Ir “Measurement of Change in Optical Transmittance“ I Spec t r a 1 Attenuation Measurement for Long-Length, Graded-index Optical Fibers“ O “Attenuation by Substitution Measurement for Multimode Graded Index Optical
27、Fibers or Fiber Assemblies Used in Long Length Communications Systems “Measurement of Fiber or Cable Attenuation Using an OTDR“ “Spectral - Attenuation Cutback Measurements for Single-Mode Optical Fibers“ “Optical fibre cables, Part 1: Generic specification“ “Optical fibre cables, Part 2: Product sp
28、ecifications“ 1 2 In process of preparation. Pending publication of this revision, use EIA RS-455-20. In process of preparation. Pending publication of this revision, use EIA/TIA-45541. EIA TIA-455-41A 93 3234600 0552378 9bT W TIA/EIA-455-41A Page 3 0 3. APPARATUS The following apparatus and equipme
29、nt is required to perform this test: 3.1 Test Fixture. The test fixture shall consist of two flat contact plates, one of which is movable. As shown in Figure 1, the plate length shall be 100 mm (4 in.)/ with a 6 mm (1/4 in.) radius rounded contact edge to prevent cutting the cable. The contact width
30、 of the plate shall be greater than the determined width of the cable. Unless otherwise specified in the Detail Specification, the hardness of both the stationary and movable plates shall be Rockwell RB-90, minimum. 3.2 Lateral Motion Control. The fixture shall be such that lateral motion of the cab
31、le in the fixture is prevented during test. 3.3 Loading Apparatus. Use a loading system capable of delivering the specified load at the specified rate. The system shall also be capable of maintaining the specified load to within 5% for the duration of the test. COMPRESSION LOAD I R=6 mm (1/4 in)- Fi
32、gure 1. 1 -. / / FIXED -100 nm- L- CABLE Test Fixture and Test Arrangement EIA TIA-455-4LA 73 3234b00 0552379 8Tb TIA/EIA-455-41A Page 4 3.4 Optical Test Equipment. Equipment used for measuring transmittance or attenuation shall be stable over the length of time required to perform the test. 3.4.1 U
33、se apparatus as described in FOTP-20 for measuring the optical transmittance of the fibers. Note that the “reference“ and “monitor“ fibers of FOTP-20 are not required. Power dividers are not required if source instability over the test period is not greater than ten percent (108) of the specified ma
34、ximum attenuation change. 3.4.2 Unless otherwise specified in the Detail Specification, alternative equipment as described in one of the followins FOTPs may be used for measuring attenuation for a particular type of fiber in the cable: 3.4.2.1 for multimode fiber, use FOTP-46, FOTP-53, or FOTP-61. 3
35、.4.2.2 for single-mode fiber, use FOTP-78 or FOTP-61. NOTE : When choosing any optical test methods (and particularly for OTDR methods such as FOTP-611, users are cautioned to consider the accuracy required and the difficulty of performing the tests. 4. SAMPLING AND SPECIMENS 4.1 Samples. Select sam
36、ples from representative lots of fiber optic cable. 4.2 Specimen Length. The specimen to be tested may be the end of a long reel length of cable that is not cut from the reel. If cut from a long sample, the total length of the specimen shall be sufficiently long to permit the measurement of changes
37、in optical transmittance or attenuation, considering the intended application of the cable. Unless otherwise specified by the Detail Specification, the specimen length shall be such that the total attenuation in the specimen exceeds the resolution of the measurement system, but in no case shall the
38、specimen length be less than 4 m (13 ft). For best results, optimize the actual specimen length (together with the launch conditions of the optical test equipment being used) to approximate the end-use conditions expected for the cable. EIA TIA-455-43A 93 3234600 0552380 518 TIA/EIA-455-41A Page 5 5
39、. PROCEDURE e 5.1 Unless otherwise specified in the Detail Specification, precondition the specimen of fiber optic cable for a period of 24 hours under the following standard ambient atmospheric conditions: 5.1.1 For all except U.S. Military applications, precondition in accordance with EIA/TIA-455-
40、A, Table 1 (23 f: 5OC, 20 to 70% Relative Humidity, Site-Ambient Pressure) , and conduct the test under these conditions. 5.1.2 For U.S. Military applications only, precondition in accordance with EIA/TIA-455-A, Table 2 (25 6.2.2 of the compressive force; If specified, the fibers shall not be broken
41、 as a result 6.2.3 There shall be no cracking, splitting, or similar damage of the cable exterior, and 6.2.4 Cable exterior deformation shall not be considered as damage. 6.3 Precision and Bias. No statement is made about either the precision or bias of FOTP-41 for measuring compressive loading resi
42、stance. The results merely state whether there is conformance to the criteria for success specified in the procedure. _ EIA TIA-455-4LA 93 3234600 0552383 227 = TIA/EIA-455-41A Page 8 7. DOCUMENTATION 7.1 Report the following information for each test: 7.1.1 Date of test. 7.1.2 Identification of pro
43、cedure use (FOTP-41). 7.1.3- Sample identification and description, including cable length tested. 7.1.4 Maximum load applied and the loading rate. 7.1.5 If optical measurements are required: 7.1.5.1 The optical test procedure and equipment used (3.4). 7.1.5.2 Appropriate identification of the fiber
44、s tested (number of fibers, distribution in units, etc.) (5.3). 7.1.5.3 The initial and final power readings and the calculated loss, or the measured attenuation (5.3 and 5.5). 7.1.5.4 The optical power or attenuation readings while under load, when measured (5.4). O - 7.1.6 Visual observations and
45、damage assessments made. 7.1.7 Conformance to the acceptance criteria. 7.2 United States military applications require that the following information also be reported for each test. For other (nonmilitary) applications, this information need not be reported but shall be available for review upon req
46、uest. 7.2.1 Identification of test personnel. 7.2.2 Detailed information on equipment used (model number, serial number, etc.) and calibration dates. 7.2.3 If optical measurement is required: 7.2.3.1 Type and wavelength of source. 7.2.3.2 Description of launch conditions used. 7.2.3.3 Description of
47、 cladding mode strippers, if applicable. 7.2.3.4 Description of detection and recording equipment. EIA TIA-455-4LA 93 3234600 0552384 Lb3 - 8.4.2 The number of fibers to be tested (5.3). TIA/EIA-455-41A Page 9 8. SPECIFICATION INFORMATION The following information shall be specified in the Detail Sp
48、ecification: 8.1 A reference to this test procedure. 8.2 Any exceptions or deviations that apply to this test procedure, including: 8.2.1 Specimen length limits, if other than stated in the procedure (4.2) . 8.2.2 Conditioning requirements and test conditions, if other than standard (5.1). 8.2.3 Any
49、 other deviations. 8.3 The compressive load to be applied, the loading rate, and the interval for which is load is maintained. 8.4 Whether optical measurements are required, and if so: 8.4.1 Optical source wavelenqth to be used. 8.4.3 Whether optical measurements are required during the compressive loading, and if so, the required measurement interval(s) (5.4 and 5.5). 8.5 Acceptance or failure criteria. 8.6 Other requirements, if applicable. EIA TIA-455-41A 93 3234b00 0552185 OTT D . TIA/EIA-455-41A Page 10 c APPENDIX COMPARISON BETWEEN FOTP-41 AND IEC, SIO, AND CCITT REQUIREMEN
