1、 TIA-455-87-B (Revision of EIA-455-87-A) March 1993FOTP-87 Fiber Optic Cable Knot Test ANSI/TIA-455-87-B-1993 APPROVED: MARCH 1993 REAFFIRMED: MAY 11, 1999 REAFFIRMED: MAY 10, 2005 REAFFIRMED: MARCH 22, 2013 NOTICE TIA Engineering Standards and Publications are designed to serve the public interest
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6、ns before its use. (From Project No. ANSI/TIA-PN-455.87-RF3, formulated under the cognizance of the TIA TR-42 Telecommunications Cabling Systems, TR-42.12 Subcommittee on Optical Fibers and Cables). Published by TELECOMMUNICATIONS INDUSTRY ASSOCIATION Standards and Technology Department 1320 N. Cour
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23、rom IHS - - - . . - - . - . . - FOTP-87 FIBER OPTIC CABLE KNOT TEST CONTENTS Title INTRODUCTION APPLICABLE DOCUMENTS APPARATUS SAMPLING AND SPECIMENS PROCEDUFE CALCCLATIONS OR INTERPEETATION OF RESULTS DOCUMENTATION SPECIFICATION INFORMATION Comparison between FOTP-87 and IEC, CCITT, and IS0 Require
24、ments Knot Test Setup with Mandrel-Procedure A Knot Test Setup with no Mandrel-Procedure B Examples of Minimum Cross-sectional Diameter - i - Sold to:TIA, 01429452 Not for Resale,200415112 17:3:23 GMT Page TIA-155-87-B Page 1 FBER OPTIC CABLE KNOT TEST (From EM Standards Proposal Number 2285, formul
25、ated under the cognizance of TIA FO-6.7 Subcommittee on Fiber Optic Cables.) This FOTP is part of the series of test procedures included within Recommended i: Standard TIA/EIA-455. NOTE: This FOTP was previously published in EIA-455-87A as FOTP-87. 1. INTRODUCTION 1.1 Intent. The intent of this knot
26、 test is to determine the self-limiting protection built into a cable to prevent the optical fiber from being bent to the point of mechanical or optical failure, as specified in the Detail Specification. 1.2 Scope. This test method may be used to test any type of fiber optic cable, using the appropr
27、iate Procedure (see 1.3 and Section 5) and test parameters, as required by the Detail Specification. 1.3 Summary of the Test Method. The test method evaluates the effect of a severe bend in a fiber optic cable due to a knot. Two Procedures are described: Procedure A uses a mandrel to limit the degre
28、e of bend of the cable. Procedure B uses no mandrel, allowing the stiffness of the cable, together with the applied load, to limit the bend. Procedure A may be used to evaluate increases in fiber attenuation in a controlled manner. Procedure B may be used to determine the ultimate bending capability
29、 of the cable, considering fiber breakage or cable damage. (Note that Procedure B was the only procedure in the previous revisions of FOTP-87. See 1.6 for discussion.) 1.4 Procedure Defaults. Section 8 defines the detailed specification requirements that are required to be specified in the Detail Sp
30、ecification to properly utilize this FOTP. “Default“ requirements are those that apply if no other alternative requirements are given in the Detail Specification. Procedure Defaults are provided for the convenience of users of this FOTP. They are stated in Sections 3 and 5 and are summarized below:
31、a. Test Procedure A. b. A mandrel diameter equal to the minimum bend diameter of the cable, for Procedure A only. (See 8.1.3.) c. Maximum test force as shown in the schedule in 5.8.1. d Test force applied at a rate of 5 centimeters per minute and held at its maximum value for 1 minute. e. Visual exa
32、mination, as detailed in 5.12. Copyright Telecommuncations Industry Association Provided by IHS under license with EIA No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS Sold to:TIA, 01429452 Not for Resale,2004/5/12 17323 GMT 1.5 Potential Failure Modes for this test include, but are
33、not limited to, the following: 1.5.1 Optical performance degradation. 1.5.2 Cracking, splitting, or tearing of the cable jacket. Although, permanent deformation of the cable jacket may occur, this would not normally result in cable rejection. Any additional failure criteria shall be specified in the
34、 Detail Specification. 1.6 Obsolete References. If a specification makes reference to either the original EIA RS-455-87 or to EIA-455-87A, such testing may be accomplished using Procedure B of this FOTP. Users of Detail Specifications having such obsolete references are directed to 1.3 and Section 5
35、 for details of the differences in Procedures A and B. In such cases, users should carefully consider the recommendation that Procedure A be used in lieu of Procedure B. Whenever specifications refer to FOTP-87 without citing a specific Procedure (A or B) or without indicating a specific document re
36、vision level (-455-87, -455-87A, or -455-87B). the users should carefully consider the intent of the specification in determining whether to use Procedure A or B. (In general this applies to specifications published prior to the publication date of this revision.) 2. APPLICABLE DOCUMENTS: The follow
37、ing documents form a part of this FOTP to the extent referenced herein: FOTP- 13, EIA/TIA-455- 13 Visual and Mechanical inspection of Fibers. Cables, Connectors andlor Other Fiber Optic Devices. FOTP-20, TIA/EIA-S-ZOA Measuremenr of Change in Optical Trumminance. FOP-46, EIA/TIA-455-46A Spectral Att
38、enuation Measurement for Long-Length, Graded-lndex Optical Fibers. FOV-53, EIA/TIA355-53A Attenuation by Substitution Measurement for Mdrimde Graded-lndex Oprical Fibers or Fiber Assemblies used in Long Length Communications System. FOTP-57, EIAfTIA355-57A Optical Fiber End Preparation and Examhutio
39、n. FOTP-6 1. TIA/EIA-S-IA OTDR Measurement of Fiber or Cable Attenuation. FOTP-78, EIWIA-455-78A Spectral Attenuation Cutback Measurement for Single- Mode Optical Fibers. CEI IEC 794-1. Second Ed. (1987) Optical fibre cables, Part I. Generic Specijication. In process of preparation. Pending publicat
40、ion of this revision, use the previous issue. Copyright Telecommunicatons Industry Association Provided by IHS under license with EIA Sold to:TIA, 01429452 No reproduction or networking permitted wthout license from IHS Not for Resale.2004/5/12 17:3:23 GMT . - -. .- - . . . . -. . . - . - . . . . -
41、TlA-455-87-B Page 3 3. APPARATUS: The test fixture (see Figures 1 and 2) shall consist of: 3.1 Appropriate clamping devices, as follows: 3.1.1 A restraining clamp to prevent the cable from slipping while the test force is applied. 3.1.2 A loading clamp to permit the application of the test force to
42、the cable. NOTE: The design of the restraining and force-application clamps used can be critical to the outcome of this test. The clamps shall be designed such that they are securely fastened to either the cable outer jacker or the strength members inside the cable, depending upon the cable design.
43、The clamps shall be designed such that they will not result in degradation of the optical performance of the fiber during either the preparation or execution of the test. If clamping methods are specified in the Detail Specification, they shall be used. 3.2 A device to apply the test force, such as
44、a test mass or a tensile testing machine. (The test force is discussed in 5.8.) 3.3 Mandrel: For Procedure A (defined in Section 3, a mandrel with an appropriate diameter, and a length at least four times the mandrel diameter is required. Unless otherwise specified in the Detail Specification, use a
45、 mandrel diameter equal to the minimum bend diameter of the cable to be tested. 3 Optical measuring equipment: Use appropriate optical measuring equipment, as required by the Detail Specificadon. Procedures which may be specified include, but are not limited to, FOTP-20, FOTP-36, FOTP-53, FOTP-61, a
46、nd FOTP-78. (See 5, 5.6, 5.8.3, and 5.10.) 4. SAMPLING AND SPECIhlESS Use a convenient length of the cable for the specimen. The specimen shall be long enough so that the optical performance may be 3ccuntely monitored to the limits established in he Detail Specification. The recommended minimum spec
47、imen length is approximately 5 meters (or 15 fr.). 5, PROCEDURE Conduct the cable knot test using one of the following two Procedures: Procedure A or Procedure B. These two Procedures are illustrated in Figures 1 and 2, respectively. Unless otherwise specified iri the Detail Specification and with t
48、he exception stated in 1.6, Procedure A shall be used. Gopyrlght Telecommuncations industry Association Provided by IHS under license with EIA No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS .- . . - . Sold to:TIA, 01429452 Not for Resale.2004/5112 17:3.23 GMT TL4-455-87-B Page 4 In
49、 Procedure A, a mandrel is placed inside the knot. This mandrel limits the severity of the test by restricting the bending of the cable to the mandrel diameter. Per 3.3, the mandrel diameter is usually equal to the minimum bend diameter of the cable, and if another mandrel diameter is to be used, it shall be specified in the Detail Specification. In Procedure B, no mandrel is used to limit the severity of the bend. The knot may result in the cable being bent tighter than its minimum bend diameter. Other than this difference, the test procedure for Procedure A and Proc
