1、UFC 3-520-05 April 14, 2008 UNIFIED FACILITIES CRITERIA (UFC) STATIONARY BATTERY AREAS APPROVED FOR PUBLIC RELEASE: DISTRIBUTION UNLIMITED Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-UFC 3-520-05 April 14, 2008 STATIONARY BATTERY AREAS Any copyri
2、ghted material included in this UFC is identified at the point of use. Use of the copyrighted material apart from this UFC must have the permission of the copyright holder. NAVAL FACILITIES ENGINEERING COMMAND (Preparing Activity) U.S. ARMY CORPS OF ENGINEERS AIR FORCE CIVIL ENGINEER SUPPORT AGENCY
3、Record of Changes (changes are indicated by 1 . /1/) Change No. Date Location Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-UFC 3-520-05 April 14, 2008 FOREWORD The Unified Facilities Criteria (UFC) system is prescribed by MIL-STD 3007 and provides
4、 planning, design, construction, sustainment, restoration, and modernization criteria, and applies to the Military Departments, the Defense Agencies, and the DoD Field Activities in accordance with USD(AT design a separate space for these materials. 2-2.3 Provide battery enclosures that are a commer
5、cial manufactured product, designed and UL listed for battery containment. Provide a minimum 200 mm (8 in.) working clearance around the batteries within the enclosure. For outside installations prevent entry of contaminants, water, insects, and wildlife. 2-2.4 Provide spill control for battery inst
6、allations as required by NFPA 1. An electrolyte spill is defined as an unintended release of liquid electrolyte that exceeds 1.0 liters. Battery enclosures that do not provide integral spill containment shall not be used. Permanently installed physical containment structures shall be capable of resi
7、sting continuous exposure to a 70 percent concentration of the electrolytes acid or alkaline chemical. The containment area shall not encroach upon space designated for room egress. Note: Valve-regulated lead acid (VRLA) batteries have the electrolyte immobilized in a gel or absorbent glass mats. Th
8、e immobilization limits the potential release of electrolyte to much less than the definition of a spill. For this reason, VRLA designs do not require permanently installed spill containment systems. Electrolyte releases from Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted witho
9、ut license from IHS-,-,-UFC 3-520-05 April 14, 2008 4 VRLA batteries, while small, can occur and the necessary supplies for manual cleanup should be available in the battery area. 2-2.5 Provide for spilled electrolyte neutralization in accordance with NFPA 1. Provide neutralizing and absorbing mater
10、ials local to, but outside of, the battery area to address local incidents. 2-2.6 Floor finish in all battery rooms and enclosures shall be slip-resistant and acid or alkali resistant as appropriate for the battery chemistry employed. Wall and ceiling finishes in vented (flooded) cell installations
11、shall be acid or alkali resistant. 2-2.7 Obtain the battery rack from the same manufacturer that supplies the battery. Racks and trays shall resist corrosion from continuous exposure to a 70 percent concentration of the electrolytes acid or base chemical. Battery lifting devices shall be insulated a
12、nd tools shall be provided with insulated handles. 2-2.7.1 Select the battery rack to fit within the defined footprint while also satisfying the need for maintenance access. Figures 2-1 and 2-2 show acceptable battery rack configurations for vented cells. Figure 2-1. Two-Step Battery Rack Configurat
13、ions (End View) CellCella. Two-tier batteryCellCellb. Two-step batteryMust Be Open in Front of Rack to Provide AccessProvided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-UFC 3-520-05 April 14, 2008 5 Figure 2-2. Larger Battery Rack Configurations (End Vie
14、w) CellCellCella. Three-step batteryCellCellCellCellb. Two-tier, two-step batteryMust Be Open in Front of Rack to Provide AccessMust Provide Clearance Behind Rack for Access2-2.7.2 All racks for vented cell installations shall provide restraints to prevent the individual cells from overturning. In a
15、ddition, battery racks shall comply with the latest edition of ASCE/SEI 7-05. Table 2-1 shows the rack requirements based on seismic design category. Table 2-1. Battery Rack Requirements by Seismic Design Category Seismic Design Category Description Aearthquakes are unlikely. Racks do not require ce
16、ll restraints. Bdistant earthquakes might cause minor motion. Racks require side restraints. C, D, E, Flocal or nearby earthquake. Racks require heavy-duty construction with side restraints and should have additional floor anchor points. 2-2.8 Batteries with a nominal voltage above 250 volts require
17、 special installation considerations as detailed in NFPA 70 Article 480.7 (2008 Edition). 2-2.9 Provide an overhead hoist or equivalent portable material handling equipment for the handling of batteries. Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-
18、,-UFC 3-520-05 April 14, 2008 6 2-3 MECHANICAL REQUIREMENTS. 2-3.1 Design mechanical systems to maintain ventilation rates in accordance with NFPA 70E. Areas designated as a battery room shall be mechanically ventilated. Areas designated as battery enclosures shall be ventilated as required by the s
19、ystem manufacturer to meet the applicable codes. 2-3.2 Installation, operating, and maintenance requirements vary for each battery type. Refer to UFC 3-520-01 for battery selection guidance. Note: Gelled electrolyte (Gel-cell) batteries and absorbed electrolyte batteries are both types of valve-regu
20、lated lead acid (VRLA) batteries, and have been inappropriately referred to as sealed maintenance-free batteries. Although the cell modules are sealed, making it incapable of water addition to the cells, each cell is equipped with a vent, which opens periodically to release internal pressure. The ve
21、nt is typically open only for a fraction of a second, permitting small amounts of gas to escape. NFPA 70E and IEEE 1187 specify that VRLA cells be treated with the same hydrogen control measures as vented lead acid cells. 2-3.3 Comply with the following IEEE documents for temperature control criteri
22、a, as appropriate for the selected battery type: IEEE Std 484-2002, IEEE Recommended Practice for Installation Design and Installation of Vented Lead acid Batteries for Stationary Applications. IEEE Std 1106-2005, IEEE Recommended Practice for Installation, Maintenance, Testing, and Replacement of V
23、ented Nickel-Cadmium Batteries for Stationary Applications. IEEE Std 1187-2002, IEEE Recommended Practice for Installation Design and Installation of Valve-Regulated Lead acid Storage Batteries for Stationary Applications. Evaluate temperature conditions, and provide heating and ventilation as neces
24、sary to maintain temperature within the range 60 F (17 C) and 90 F (32 C). Base requirements on weather data obtained from UFC 3-400-02, Design: Engineering Weather Data. Air conditioning is not authorized. However, extended periods of high temperatures can reduce battery life; in those climates whe
25、re dry-bulb temperatures are greater than 93 F (34 C) for more than 1,000 hours per year, air conditioning can be justified based upon life cycle costs. Compare initial, operating, and maintenance costs of providing air conditioning to the reduction in battery replacement costs. Perform the life cyc
26、le cost analysis IAW 10 CFR 436 and use Annex C from IEEE Std 1187 to determine expected battery life. 2-3.4 Design ventilation systems to maintain concentrations of hydrogen gas in the battery room below 1 percent concentration. Design the makeup (replacement) air volumetric flow rate equal to appr
27、oximately 95 percent of the exhaust flow rate to Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-UFC 3-520-05 April 14, 2008 7 maintain the battery room under negative pressure and prevent the migration of fumes and gases into adjacent areas. Provide
28、 means for balancing air flow to ensure a negative pressure relationship. Exhaust all air directly to the outdoors. Exhaust air through a dedicated exhaust duct system if the battery room is not located on an outside wall. Makeup air can be transferred from a Class 1 or Class 2 area in the facility
29、as defined in ASHRAE 62.1 or supplied directly. If supplied directly, it shall be filtered. Refer to Appendix B for an example of a volumetric flow rate calculation. 2-3.5 Fans shall be roof-mounted with an upwardly directed discharge. Fans will have non-sparking wheel and motor location outside of
30、the air stream. 2-3.6 The air inlets shall be no higher than the tops of the battery cells of the lower tier if more than one tier is present. Locate exhaust grills at highest point of room. Ductwork shall be fabricated from fiberglass reinforced plastic (FRP) or polyvinyl chloride (PVC). 2-3.7 Desi
31、gn mechanical systems for continuous operation, free from excessive vibration. Provide green indicator light confirming fan operation located in battery area. Isolate mechanical equipment to eliminate structure-borne vibration which will have an adverse effect on battery usage and performance. 2-4 E
32、LECTRICAL REQUIREMENTS. 2-4.1 Bond conductive battery racks, enclosures, and cable racks to ground using #6 AWG minimum conductors. 2-4.2 Provide overcurrent protection for each battery string. Paralleled battery strings shall provide separate overcurrent protection for each individual string. Provi
33、de a disconnect device at the point where the DC conductors leave the battery room, outside the room near the entrance. 2-4.3 Type AC, NM, NMC, NMS, and UF cable shall not be used in battery rooms. No flexible metal conduit or flexible metallic tubing shall be used. Connections to battery terminal p
34、osts, including intercell connections, shall minimize strain on the battery posts. 2-4.4 Provide temperature compensated charging for VRLA batteries based on the battery temperature, not the ambient temperature. Include temperature compensated charging for other battery installations where the area
35、is not environmentally controlled and large temperature variations can occur. 2-4.5 Illuminance levels in the battery room shall be designed to meet IESNA Lighting Handbook recommendations with a minimum illumination level of 300 lux (30 fc). The lighting design shall consider the type of battery ra
36、ck and the physical battery configuration to ensure that all points of connection, and maintenance and testing are adequately illuminated. Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-UFC 3-520-05 April 14, 2008 8 Battery room lighting fixtures sh
37、all be pendant or wall mounted and shall not provide a collection point for explosive gases. Fixtures shall offer lamp protection by shatterproof lenses or wire guards. Fixtures in battery rooms for vented cells shall be constructed to resist the corrosive effects of acid vapors. Luminaires and lamp
38、s shall provide minimal heat output in general and shall provide minimal radiant heating of the batteries. Lighting track shall not be installed in battery rooms. Fixture mounting shall not interfere with operation of lifting devices used for battery maintenance. Receptacles and lighting switches sh
39、ould be located outside of the battery area. 2-4.6 Provide instrumentation to measure battery voltage with high and low alarms, battery current, and ground detection for ungrounded systems. Provide the alarm system operation, level of reporting, and any additional instrumentation and alarm options a
40、ppropriate for the specific conditions of each battery system. 2-4.7 Provide convenience receptacles as required for maintenance of the batteries, charging equipment, and distribution system. 2-5 EMERGENCY FACILITIES. Provide portable or stationary water facilities for rinsing eyes and skin in case
41、of electrolyte spillage. Locate within 20 feet of the battery. The station shall meet the requirements of ISEA Z 358.1. Provide a floor drain in the area of the station if a stationary water facility is provided. 2-6 FIRE PROTECTION REQUIREMENTS. 2-6.1 Comply with the requirements of UFC 3-600-01. 2
42、-6.2 Provide fire protection for the battery system as required by NFPA 1. Smoke detection is not required. 2-6.3 Provide portable fire extinguishers within and adjacent to the battery room. The number, size, and location of portable fire extinguishers shall be appropriate for the battery system and
43、 shall be in accordance with NFPA 10, Standard for Portable Fire Extinguishers. Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-UFC 3-520-05 April 14, 2008 9 GLOSSARY Abbreviations and Acronyms: AAmpere ACdesignation for NFPA 70 Armored Cable AhAmper
44、e-hour AFPAMAir Force Pamphlet ANSIAmerican National Standards Institute ASCEAmerican Society of Civil Engineers AWGAmerican wire gauge CFM Cubic Feet per Minute CFR Code of Federal Regulations DCDirect Current DoDDepartment of Defense fcFootcandle FRPFiberglass Reinforced Plastic HRHydrogen Rate IE
45、EEInstitute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers IESNAIlluminating Engineering Society of North America ininches mmmillimeters NECNational Electrical Code NFPANational Fire Protection Association NM, NMC, and NMSdesignations for NFPA 70 Nonmetallic Sheathed Cable O&MOperations & Maintenance PVCPo
46、lyvinyl Chloride UFdesignation for NFPA 70 Underground Feeder and Branch-Circuit Cable UFCUnified Facility Criteria VRVentilation Rate VRLAValve-Regulated Lead Acid Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-UFC 3-520-05 April 14, 2008 10 Terms:
47、 Enclosure A surrounding case or housing to protect the contained equipment against external conditions and to prevent personnel from accidentally contacting live parts. With respect to enclosures for stationary batteries, the enclosure might be a dedicated battery cabinet or it might contain additi
48、onal equipment, such as an uninterruptible power supply. Float Charge The method of maintaining a battery in a charged condition by continuous, long-term charging at a level to balance self-discharge. Full Float Operation Operation of a dc system with the battery, battery charger, and load all connected in parallel, and with the battery charger supplying the normal dc load plus any self-discharge or charging current, or both, required by the battery. The battery will deliver current only when the load exceeds the charger output. Primary Battery A battery that produc
