1、UL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION OR DISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM UL UL 19G Guidance for Lined Fire Hose and Hose Assemblies STANDARD FOR SAFETYUL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION OR DISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM ULUL COPYRIGHT
2、ED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION OR DISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM UL Guidance for Lined Fire Hose and Hose Assemblies, UL 19G First Edition, Dated August 13, 2018 SUMMARY OF TOPICS This First edition of UL 19G, Guidance for Lined Fire Hose and Hose Assemblies has been publi
3、shed. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form by any means, electronic, mechanical photocopying, recording, or otherwise without prior permission of UL. UL provides this Guidance document as is without warranty of a
4、ny kind, either expressed or implied, including but not limited to, the implied warranties of merchantability or tness for any purpose. In no event will UL be liable for any special, incidental, consequential, indirect or similar damages, including loss of prots, lost savings, loss of data, or any o
5、ther damages arising out of the use of or the inability to use this Guidance document, even if UL or an authorized UL representative has been advised of the possibility of such damage. In no event shall ULs liability for any damage ever exceed the price paid for this Guidance document, regardless of
6、 the form of the claim. Users of the electronic versions of ULs Standards for Safety agree to defend, indemnify, and hold UL harmless from and against any loss, expense, liability, damage, claim, or judgment (including reasonable attorneys fees) resulting from any error or deviation introduced while
7、 purchaser is storing an electronic Guidance document on the purchasers computer system. AUGUST 13, 2018 UL 19G tr1UL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION OR DISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM UL AUGUST 13, 2018 UL 19G tr2 No Text on This PageUL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUT
8、HORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION OR DISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM UL AUGUST 13, 2018 1 UL 19G Guidance for Lined Fire Hose and Hose Assemblies First Edition August 13, 2018 Comments or proposals for revisions on any part of UL 19 may be submitted to UL at any time. Proposals should be submitt
9、ed via a Proposal Request in ULs On-Line Collaborative Standards Development System (CSDS) at http:/. ULs Standards are copyrighted by UL. Neither a printed nor electronic copy of a Standard should be altered in any way. All of ULs Standards and all copyrights, ownerships, and rights regarding those
10、 Standards shall remain the sole and exclusive property of UL. COPYRIGHT 2018 UNDERWRITERS LABORATORIES INC.UL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION OR DISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM UL AUGUST 13, 2018 GUIDANCE FOR LINED FIRE HOSE AND HOSE ASSEMBLIES - UL 19G 2 No Text o
11、n This PageUL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION OR DISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM UL CONTENTS 1 Scope .4 2 Radiant Heat and Conductive Heat Test Results4 3 History on Method Development and Choice of Parameters 5 AUGUST 13, 2018 GUIDANCE FOR LINED FIRE HOSE AND HOSE
12、ASSEMBLIES - UL 19G 3UL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION OR DISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM UL 1 Scope 1.1 This document is to inform users of re hose and UL 19, Lined Fire Hose and Hose Assemblies, the intent behind the test results from the radiant heat test and co
13、nductive heat test. This includes the history of the method development and the nal choice of parameters used in the test methods. 1.2 It is important to note that the results from the radiant heat test and conductive heat test represent a specic set of test parameters that are not intended to repre
14、sent the dynamic re environment. 2 Radiant Heat and Conductive Heat Test Results Note The language found in UL 19G is a duplicate of the language in UL 19, Appendix C. 2.1 The results reported in terms of time to pressure loss and leakage rate relate only to the specic set of parameters used for tes
15、ting. These values can only be used to compare new hose performance against one another under the specic test conditions in the method. The results are not intended to represent actual hose performance in the re environment, which is continually changing. Hoses may perform differently under several
16、conditions including, higher or lower heat uxes, higher or lower temperatures, higher or lower pressures, age of hose, wear of hose, if hose is wet or dry, charged or uncharged, and other re environment variables. In addition it should also be noted that these test methods utilize a small section of
17、 hose and not a complete hose that may be stretched out through a re environment. All of the aforementioned factors have the potential to change both the time to pressure loss and leakage rate. As such, the results reported in this section are intended to be used as a baseline for comparative purpos
18、es only and not assumed performance in the eld. The results reported for these tests contain the following: Radiant heat exposure of 30 kw/m 2 this represents the static heat ux used for the test method Conductive heat exposure with steel block at 400C (752F) this represents the temperature of the s
19、teel block upon removal from the oven and placement on the hose for this test method Exposure duration this represents the time to a 20 psi pressure loss in the static pressurized sample being tested Average leakage rate This represents the average leakage rate of the samples specied for post exposu
20、re testing when charged at 150 psi Maximum leakage rate This represents the maximum leakage rate of the samples specied for post exposure testing when charged at 150 psi Following the exposure, the sample leakage rate is determined by charging the sample with water at 150 psi. During the development
21、 phase of the Radiant Test and Conductive test procedures, it was observed that current hose constructions exhibited a wide range of failure modes, which ranged from a gradual weeping or slightly leaking condition, to a more violent, sudden burst-like failure mode. It was also noted that the weeping
22、 or leaking type of failure may introduce a self-protecting feature. In effort to characterize these differences in failure, the post exposure leakage rate was added as a second stage of the test methods. Observations from sample testing indicated that the burst type failures generally had higher le
23、akage rates. The 20 gpm maximum reported leakage rate was selected based on observations of leakage rates in which it was determined that there was not additional value in measuring the specic AUGUST 13, 2018 GUIDANCE FOR LINED FIRE HOSE AND HOSE ASSEMBLIES - UL 19G 4UL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTH
24、ORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION OR DISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM UL leakage rate beyond that ow. Therefore leakage rates on samples that are greater than 20 gpm are simply reported as 20 gpm. It is not the Standards Technical Panels intention to indicate that a hose leaking at any rate is acc
25、eptable for continued use. 3 History on Method Development and Choice of Parameters Note The language found in UL 19G is a duplicate of the language in UL 19, Appendix C. 3.1 Cases of re hose burn through have become more commonly reported and tracked over the past several years. The full understand
26、ing of reasons for increased occurrences of burn though are not completely known, however some discussion around the topic has pointed to some possibilities such as increased performance of reghter turnout gear which thereby allows re ghters to more commonly use hose in more extreme environments, in
27、creased reporting of occurrences, and the re dynamics of modern construction materials and furnishings which result in faster growing res. In addition, some aspects of the design and the materials used in the construction of re hose have changed throughout the years. Lightweight synthetic materials
28、have replaced the legacy designs which used cotton jacketing, rubber lining. When compared to legacy designs, current hose designs may have advantages such as reduced weight or less friction loss for a given class of hose, however some may be less heat resistant. Incidence of re hose burn through an
29、d concerns were raised to the NFPA Technical Committee for NFPA 1961, Standard on Fire Hose, at the October 2015 First Draft Meeting. In response to these concerns, several iterations of research, testing, and literature reviews were conducted by several stakeholders working to develop test methods
30、to assess re hose for resistance to radiant and conductive heat. These stakeholders include the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives (ATF), Boston Fire Department (BFD), Fire Department City of New York (FDNY), Fire Protection Research Foundation (FPRF), Fire and Risk Alliance, Last C
31、all Foundation, National Fire Protection Association (NFPA), National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), Underwriters Laboratories (UL), UL Fireghter Safety Research Institute (UL FSRI), Worcester Polytechnic Institute (WPI), and several re hose manufacturers. In determining the heat ux f
32、or the radiant heat test method, there was focus on the initial stages of ashover, which some studies show begin with a measured heat ux of 20 30 kw/m 2 and 750 1000 F. Ultimately 30 kw/m 2 and 750 F were chosen for the two methods. The steel block for the conductive tests began show evidence of sca
33、le build up at temperatures above 750 F, therefore 750 F was selected for the conductive testing. Upon ashover, these conditions may increase beyond 125 kw/m 2 and 1500 F within a few seconds to a few minutes. It is also important to note that these intense heat ux and temperature exposure levels ca
34、n exist anywhere in the involved structure, including the re ghters means of egress from the structure. Fire hose commonly used by departments is not designed to withstand the amounts of heat from the onset of ashover or the conditions in ashover indenitely. As such, the test methods in UL 19 were d
35、eveloped as a means to evaluate and compare commonly used hose today while also providing a means for evaluating new materials and constructions to increase re hose heat resistance. AUGUST 13, 2018 GUIDANCE FOR LINED FIRE HOSE AND HOSE ASSEMBLIES - UL 19G 5UL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR
36、FURTHER REPRODUCTION OR DISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM UL The primary reasons for developing two-part test methods and the pressures selected for testing were the following: To provide a more consistent heat exposure once water starts spraying equipment heat values change To provide a safer me
37、ans for personnel conducting the tests adding owing water at high pressure during heat exposure testing presents challenges To limit the damage to testing equipment high pressures and owing water can damage the testing equipment The two-part test methods result in rst exposing the product to the hea
38、t source under static pressure with water at 150 psi. Secondly the sample is evaluated for the degree of leakage that would occur during owing water conditions. The static test pressure (150 psi for radiant and 300 psi for conductive) and the end of test at a 20 psi pressure loss were selected for t
39、esting purposes only. These pressures are not intended to mimic a specic re ground operational condition since there are many different hose and nozzle combinations which lead to different operating pressures. In addition, the following information highlights some takeaways relative to reghter PPE f
40、rom the Fire Fighter Equipment Operational Environment: Evaluation of Thermal Conditions 1 . 1 D. Madrzykowski. Fire Fighter Equipment Operational Environment: Evaluation of Thermal Conditions. Report, UL Fire Fighter Safety Research Institute, Columbia MD. Fire Protection Research Foundation, Quinc
41、y, MA. August 2017 “Thermal conditions can change within seconds. Experimental conditions and incidents were identied in which reghters would be operating in thermal conditions that were safe for operation based on the temperature and heat ux, but then due to a change in the environment the reghters
42、 would be exposed to conditions that could exceed the protective capabilities of their PPE. Because it is unlikely due to tradeoffs in weight, breathe-ability, usability, cost, etc., that reproof PPE and equipment will ever be a reality, re officers and re chiefs need to consider the capabilities of
43、 the protection that their reghters have when determining re attack strategies and tactics to ensure that the PPE and equipment is kept within its design operating environment, and that the safety buffer it provides is maintained.” AUGUST 13, 2018 GUIDANCE FOR LINED FIRE HOSE AND HOSE ASSEMBLIES - UL 19G 6UL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION OR DISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM UL
