1、12019 年中考（人教）英语：阅读理解基础优题（八）及答案【实战训练】 A（2019 中考科普环保类选练）What will the house of the future look like? Could it have gardens on its walls, or a pool with fish for dinner? Architects believe that they are all possibilities. The only thing for sure is that the houses will be as green as possible.The tree
2、houseMany architects in the world would like to build a “tree house.” Like a leaf, the surface of the house collects sunlight during the day. The energy can be used to heat water, produce electricity, and even create fresh air for the home. The “root” (根) of the house is deep under the ground. It us
3、es the soil (土壤) to the homes temperature.The Lizard houseLike a lizard (蜥蜴), changing color with the weather is the most important design of a lizard house. When its in the bright sun, the cover of the house will turn dark to protect it from strong heat. During dark days, it turns white and takes i
4、n as much light and heat as possible to produce energy.Meals at homeThis design is perhaps as much about the future of food production as architecture (建筑风格). It has gardens on the outside wall of the house. People can plant tomatoes, carrots and green tea on them. So every day in the morning, you j
5、ust need to walk outside and collect your meals.Learning from the past Looking to the future isnt the only way to be green. Sometimes, ancient techniques (古老的技术) can also help cut down energy use. For example, a chimney (烟囱) can be a useful air conditioner because it is easier of hot air to flow out
6、 at the chimney.1. We can heat water, produce electricity or create fresh air for the home 2.A. with the root of a leaf. b. with the energy from sunlight.C. with the soil under the ground D. with gardens on its walls.2. What will happen to the cover of the lizard house when its in the bright sun?A.
7、It will take in light. b. It will produce energy.C. It will turn dark. D. It will turn white.3. The passage seems to tell us that meals at home in the future .A. will be more delicious. b. need more cooks.C. cost as much as possible. D. will be greener.4. A chimney can be a useful air conditioner bu
8、t it used to cause .A. pollution. b. accident. C. noise. D. techniques.5. What is the best title of the passage? A. Green house of the future. b. The greener, the better.C. How to build green houses. D. Changes of the houses.参考答案 BCDAA 【实战训练】 B阅读下列材料，从 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳答案。3Welcome to this short tour
9、 of London. In this square we are standing in the middle of London. Opposite（对面) is the National Gallery, a museum with lots of famous paintings. Go along the red street to Buckingham Palace. The queen (后) lives here.Turn left and go to the Houses of Parliament and Big Ben. Opposite you can see the
10、London Eye. It takes you 135 meters above the River Thames. You can see most of London on a clear day.When you are tired, the best way to see London is by boat. You can get the boat near Big Ben. As you go along the river, the London Eye is on your right, near the Railway Bridge.Get off the boat at
11、Tower Bridge. Then you can see the Tower of London next to the bridge. The Tower of London is the citys oldest palace. It is nine hundred years old.Take the boat back along the river. Get off the boat and go past the station and walk along the street. Opposite is the old fruit and vegetable market.
12、They dont sell fruit and vegetables now. There are stores and restaurants, and lots of street musicians. Turn left into Kings Street, and go past the church. Youre now back where you started, at the square. Now you finish your tour.51. If you go to visit the National Gallery, what will you find?A. l
13、ots of lovely animals B. lots of valuable plants 4C. lots of famous paintings D. lots of interesting books52. Where can you get the boat?A. Near Buckingham Palace. B. Near Big Ben.C. Near Tower Bridge. D. Near Kings Street.53. _ is Londons oldest palace.A. The Tower of London B. The National Gallery
14、C. Buckingham Palace D. The Houses of Parliament54. _ is the London Eye.A. b B. c C. d D. e 参考答案 5154 CBAC 【实战训练】 CA boy and his father were walking in the mountains. Suddenly the boy fell, hurt himself, and cried, “AAAhhhhhhhh!” To his surprise, he heard the voice repeating (重复), somewhere in the m
15、ountain, “AAAhhhhhhhh!” Then the boy shouted, “ Who are you?” He received the answer, “Who are you?” He got angry at the answer, so he shouted, “ Foolish!” He received the answer, “Foolish!”He looked at his father and asked, “Whats going on?” The father smiled and said, “My son, listen.” And then he
16、 shouted to the mountain, “I love you!” The voice answered, “I love you!” Again the man cried, “You are the best!” The voice answered, “ You are the best!”The boy was surprised, but did not understand. Then the father explained, “People call this Echo, but really this is life. It gives you back ever
17、ything you say or do. Our life is just a reflection (反映) of what we done. If you want more love in the world, have more in your heart. If you want to be successful, work hard. This can be used in everything in life. Life will give you back everything you have given to it.”55. When the boy heard the
18、voice repeating, he thought_.A. it was foolish to repeat others voiceB. someone else in the mountain liked his voice5C. there were many other people in the mountainD. he was laughed at by someone else in the mountain56. The father shouted to the mountain to _.A. find out who was repeating his voiceB
19、. have fun with other people in the mountainC. show more examples to his son before giving him the answerD. let his son know whose voice was louder57. The wordEchomeans _.A. life itself B. repeating voiceC. love in the world D. everything in life58. From the story, we know _.A. the boy didnt like ot
20、hers voiceB. the father had his own way to teach his sonC. it is impolite to repeat others voiceD. the boy and his father were rather tired参考答案 5558 DCBB 【实战训练】 D中国科技新生代China has been famous around the world since ancient times. In the past, we had the Four Great Inventions. Nowadays, more invention
21、s and creations have made China stronger and greater in the world.On May 5th, 2017, at Shanghai Pudong International Airport, Chinas first large homemade jet airliner(喷气式客机), the C919, took off successfully for the first time. It has taken about ten years for the scientists and researchers to make t
22、his Chinese dream come true. Its a pride of the whole nation. So far, more than 23 companies have already ordered 570 C919 planes from China. But we still have a long way to go before the C919 carries passengers by 2020. It also faces the challenge of competing with the Airbus A320 and the new Boein
23、g B737.Whats more, China is working on the new highspeed trains with the highest speed of 400 km/h. It will be ready by 2020. The new trains are expected to push area 6cooperation(合作) and create new business for China and foreign countries. Many countries, especially the ones in Central Asia, Southe
24、ast Asia, the Middle East and Eastern Europe, are planning to build highspeed rail lines or to improve their railways with the help of China. Theyd like to get support in technology from China.China has made great progress in both science and technology. And it makes a great contribution to humans,
25、too. All of these are changing the daily life of Chinese people, even of the people around the world.1. The C919 will have a competition with _ and the new Boeing B737.A. the Airbus A320 B. the Boeing B777C. the Airbus A380 D. the Boeing B7872. From the passage, we know that many countries in _ are
26、planning to build highspeed rail lines or to improve their railways.Southeast Asia North America Eastern Europe Central Asia South America the Middle EastA. B. C. D. 3. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A. Over 32 companies ordered 570 C919 planes from China.B. Successfully, th
27、e C919 took off for the first time on May 5th, 2017.C. Many countries in Central Asia help China build highspeed rail lines.D. The highspeed trains with the speed of 400 km/h can carry more passengers.4. What does the underlined word “contribution”mean in Chinese?A. 提示 B. 贡献 C. 奉献 D. 收获 5. The passa
28、ge mainly wants to tell us _A. the Chinese scientists are better at science and technology than beforeB. the Four Great Inventions makes China strong and great in the worldC. China has increased the international influence with its developmentD. China has produced the new highspeed trains with the s
29、peed of 400 km/h【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了中国近年来在科技方面的重大发展。文章首先介绍了中国首架大型国产喷气式客机 C919，然后介绍了中国高铁的发展，以及一些国家希望7得到中国高铁技术方面的支持。这些发展给中国人甚至全世界人民产生了重大的影响。1. A 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：C919 将与_和新波音 B737 展开竞争。根据第二段最后一句“It also faces the challenge of competing with the Airbus A320 and the new Boeing B737.”可知应选 A。2. B 【解析】细节理解题。
30、题干意为：从这篇短文中我们知道在_许多国家计划建高铁或改善他们的铁路。根据第三段倒数第二句“Many countries, especially the ones in Central Asia, Southeast Asia, the Middle East and Eastern Europe, are planning to build highspeed rail lines or to improve their railways with the help of China.”可知中亚、东南亚、中东和东欧地区的许多国家有这种计划，故选 B。3. B 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：根
31、据这篇短文可知下列哪一项是正确的？A 项：超过 32 家公司从中国订购了 570 架 C919 飞机；B 项：2017 年 5 月 5 日 C919 首次成功起飞；C项：中亚的许多国家帮助中国建设高速铁路；D 项：时速为 400 千米的高铁可以运载更多的乘客。根据第二段第一句“On May 5th, 2017, at Shanghai Pudong International Airport, Chinas first large homemade jet airliner(喷气式客机), the C919, took off successfully for the first time.”
32、可知选 B。4. B 【解析】词义猜测题。题干意为：划线单词“contribution”的汉语意思是什么？根据上句“China has made great progress in both science and technology.”以及下句“All of these are changing the daily life.”可知此处应该是指中国对人类作出了巨大的贡献。故选 B。5. C 【解析】主旨大意题。题干意为：这篇文章主要想告诉我们_。A 项：中国科学家比以前更擅长科学技术；B 项：四大发明使中国在世界上强大；C 项：中国随着自身的发展提高了国际影响力；D 项：中国已经生产了时速
33、 400 千米的新型高铁。本文介绍了中国近年来在科技方面的重大发展，故选 C。【实战训练】 ENo one is glad to hear that his body has to be cut open by a surgeon(外科医生) and part of it is taken out. Today, however, we neednt worry about feeling pain during the operation. The sick person falls into a kind of sleep, and when he awakes, the operatio
34、n is finished. But these happy conditions are fairly new. It is not many years since a man who had to have an operation felt all its pain.8Long ago, operations had usually to be done while the sick man could feel everything. The sick man had to be held down on a table by force while the doctors did
35、their best for him. He could feel all the pain if his leg or arm was being cut off, and his fearful cries filled the room and the hearts of those who watched.Soon after 1770, Josept Priestley discovered a gas which is now called “laughing gas“. Laughing gas became known in America. Young men and wom
36、en went to parties to try it. Most of them spent their time laughing, but one man at a party, Horace Wells, noticed that people didnt seem to feel pain when they were using this gas. He decided to make an experiment on himself. He asked a friend to help him.Wells took some of the gas, and his friend
37、 pulled out one of Wells teeth. Wells felt no pain at all. As he didnt know enou gh about laughing gas, he gave a man less gas than he should have. The man cried out with pain when his tooth was being pulled out.Wells tried again, but this time he gave too much of the gas, and the man died. Wells ne
38、ver forgot this terrible event.1. It is _ since a man being operated felt all the pain.A. a few more years B. not very long C. few years D. two thousand years2. Long ago, when the sick man was operated on, he _.A. could feel nothing B. could not want anything C. could feel all the pain D. could do a
39、nything3. Using the laughing gas, the people did not seem to _.A. be afraid of anything B. feel pain C. want to go to the parties D. be ill94. If a man took less laughing gas than he should have when an operation went on, he _.A. felt nothing B. felt very comfortable C. still felt pain D. would die5. One who took too much of the laughing gas _.A. would laugh all the time B. would die C. would never feel again D. would be very calm阅读理解参考答案：15 BCBCB
