1、1伏龙初中 2019 中考英语阅读理解编习题（9）附答案【能力选练】 A（2019 中考科普环保类选练）The world is not only hungry but also thirsty for water. This may seem strange to you, since nearly 70%of the earths surface is covered with water. But about 97%of that is sea water or salt water. Man can only drink and use the other 3%of fresh wat
2、er from rivers, lakes, underground and so on. And we can not even use all of that because some of it has been made dirty.Earth Day is April 22. But on all other days, we must also remember how important water is. The water that we use is the most important natural resource on the earth. Today we fac
3、e serious water problems. One of them is water pollution. All kinds of things from cars, factories, farms and homes make our rivers, lakes and oceans dirty. Polluted water is very bad for people to drink. And dirty water is bad for fish, too.How do cars and factories make our water dirty? First they
4、 pollute the air. Then when it rains, the rain water makes our drinking water dirty. Dirty rain, called acid rain（酸雨）, is also bad for plants, animals and buildings. Scientists say that in 30 years, more than half of the people in the world wont have enough dean water. We have to learn how to stop w
5、asting water. One of the first steps is to develop ways of reusing it. Today in most large cities, water i used only once and then sere out into a sewer system（下水道）. From there it returns to the sea or goes underground.But even though every large city reused its water, we would still not have enough
6、. So we should make use of sea water by removing the salt in it. If we can take these steps, fresh water wont be used up.1. The world is thirsty for water because_.Awe dont have enough fresh waterBa lot of water goes into sewer systemsConly 70% of the earths surface is water2Dsea water is widely use
7、d rather than fresh water2. The underlined word “face“ means“_“.Aturn the face down Bturn the face upCturn the face to Dturn the face back3. From this passage, we know acid rain_.Ais only bad for living thingsBis not bad for buildings and factoriesCcan be produced in factoriesDis bad for people, ani
8、mals, plants and buildings4. One difficult way we can solve the problem is to _.Ause the water with salt in it Bremove the salt from sea waterCget water from underground Dreuse the water in cities5. What is the best title for this passage?AFresh water and sea water BA thirsty countryCThe importance
9、of water DThe worlds water problem参考答案 ACDBD【能力选练】 B【*吉林省实验中学】( B ) The Internet is a big place and has lots of different kinds of information. Nobody has enough time to find something on the Internet. Yahoo gives us a lot of help.Two Stanford University students Jerry Yang and David Filo started it
10、 in 1994. They made a list of their favorite web pages. When their list got bigger, they made a database (数据库) to keep a lot of information. They let everyone use it for free. Soon, thousands of people were using it.3Then they made a new kind of software（软件）. It could store much more information, an
11、d people can find information by using it. If you look for “animals”, it will give you a list of web pages with the word.Yahoo became a public company in 1996. As the company grew, Yang and Filo went on working hard. They put more uses in the software, such as shopping and free e-mails. They started
12、 Yahoo in many different countries and in different languages.Yahoo is famous on the Internet. It really makes money unlike（不像）most other web companies.根 据 短 文 内 容 选 择 正 确 答 案 。 （ 5 分 ）( ) 76 Yahoo was started in 1994 by _.A. Bill Gates B. two college students C. American scientists D. thousands of
13、people( ) 77. After the company became bigger, Yang and Filo _.A. became lazy B. worked less C. continued working hard D. stopped working( ) 78. The passage doesnt tell us if we can _by using the Yahoo software.A. go shopping B. look for informationC. send and receive e-mails D. make telephone calls
14、( ) 79. Which of the following is TRUE?A. Yahoo is another name of Internet. B. Yahoo is a public company.C. Yahoo doesnt offer free e-mail D. Yahoo is losing money.( ) 80. What does the writer think of most other Internet companies?A. They dont make much money. B. They are all famous.C. They are ju
15、st like Yahoo. D. They are better than Yahoo.参考答案 76-80 BCDBA【能力选练】 C【*北京】My summer hols wr CWOT. B4, we used 2 go 2 NY2C my bro, his GF its great.Schoolteachers and parents say this new form of writing is harming(破坏) the English language. Increasing spelling and grammatical mistakes can be seen in
16、students writing. They fear the language could become corrupted(面目全非的)Everyone should just relax, say linguists(语言学家). They believe Netspeak is in fact more of a good thing. David Crystal, from the University of Wales, argues that Netspeak and Internet create a new language use and the almost lost a
17、rt of diary writing has been picked up again. Geoffrey Nunberg, from Stanford University, agrees. “People get better at writing by writing， ” he says. “Kids who are now doing text messaging, email, and instant messages will write at least as well as, and possibly better than, their parents.Linguist
18、James Milroy says, for centuries, it is believed without exception that young people are harming the language. And you can bet your bottom dollar that when todays teenagers become tomorrows parents, they too will think this way. Milroy argues that languages do not and cannot become “corrupted”； they
19、 simply change to meet the new needs.However, Netspeakers do agree that it is important to teach young people how to speak and write Standard English. Cynthia McVey says, “I can understand Netspeak worries teachers and its important that they get across to their pupils that text messaging is for fun
20、, but that learning to write proper English is a must for their future.”Perhaps we should give teenagers a little more trust anyway. Erin, age 12, says, “I wouldnt use text language in my homework. Texting is just for fun.”( )1. What is the main purpose of the first paragraph?A. To give an example o
21、f a foreign language.B. To show an example of creative methods.C. To express worries about using Netspeak.5D. To lead in the topic of Netspeak.( )2. Which of the following is true according to the passage?A. Cynthia McVey points out teenagers can deal with Netspeak properly.B. Geoffrey Nunberg belie
22、ves Netspeakers can write Standard English.C. David Crystal thinks Netspeak helps develop the habit of writing.D. James Milroy says that language is changing and improving.( )3. The expression “bet your bottom dollar” in Paragraph 5 means _.A. be fairly sureB. be greatly surprised C. think it a pity
23、D. find it interesting( )4. What can be the best title for the passage?A. Netspeak: A WidelyUsed Language on InternetB. Is Netspeak Harming the English Language?C. Is Netspeak Helpful in the English Language?D. Netspeak: Advantages and Disadvantages语篇解读：要把这篇文章完全读明白是需要一定功底和阅读技巧的。它的难点就在于众多不认识的人名会干扰阅读，
24、另外这些人的言论都是不一样的，需要考生自己提炼作者的态度。1. D。推理判断题。在审题过程中需要注意的是 main purpose 而不是 main idea ，第一段就一句话，而且是让人咋看一头雾水的句子，这样的句子用在开头，很明显是为了引出下文。或者大家可以运用排除法，文章主要对象是 Netspeak ，而 A，B 两项没有提到 netspeak，故排除，又因为 C 选项在感情色彩上是负面，与原文感情色彩相违背，故选 D。2. C。判断正误题，也叫做细节推断题，解题方法依据选项中的人物专有名词来定位找要点，A 定位词为 CM 在原文倒数第二个自然段出现，其中引号的句子中用了 worries
25、 与答案中的 properly 相反，所以排除；B 定位词为 GN 和 Standard English，文中出现 Standard English 是在倒数第二个自然段与 CM 相关的信息，所以此选项为典型的张冠李戴；D 选项为片面的夸大其辞，文章层面只能看到 language is changing 而没有任何细节提到improving，所以根据文章第四自然段可以推断出 C 为正确选项。3. A。概括归纳题。本题为短语推断题，解题方法：结合上下文逻辑关系，上文提到年轻人会 harming 语言，下文接着说当他们成为父母后， “they too will think this way.(他们
26、也会这么想)” ，那么中间空出一定是强调，并突显出下文，那么最满足条件的解释是 A 选项。4. B。概括归纳题。结合专家的观点，从引号中的句子我们可以断定，全文的中心思想6是为了突显出 Netspeak 的好。A 选项文章没有突显出 widelyused；C 选项没有重点提及到language learning；文章观点很鲜明，并不是 D 选项正反观点的论证。故选 B。【能力选练】 D左栏是五个人物喜欢阅读的书本的介绍，右栏是七位作家的描述。请将左栏的人物与右栏他们会感兴趣的作家进行配对。( ) 11. Mandy loves picture books. She dreams of bein
27、g a writer of picture books one day, so after work, she often reads picture books from famous writers to get more ideas.( ) 12. Peter is studying science. He is very interested in the universe (宇宙) and likes reading science fictions in his free time.( ) 13. Mark enjoys writing. His favorite writer i
28、s Lu Xun. He likes reading books written by Lu Xun and wants to be a good writer like him some day.( ) 14. Sarah is an office worker. She is busy every day.But when she is free, she spends her free time reading love stories to A. Arthur Charles Clarke is one of the worlds best writers of science fic
29、tion. His famous books are A Space Odyssey, Islands in the Sky and The City and the Stars.They tell us a lot about the universe.B. B. J. K Rowling is a British childrens writer. Her best famous books are the Harry Potter books series. They are very popular with children and become the bestselling bo
30、ok series in history.C. Lu Xun was one of the most famous Chinese writers in the 20th century. He was known as the father of modern Chinese literature (文学). Some of his novels were made into films such as The True Story of AH Q.D. Qiong Yao is one of the most famous writers of romantic novels in Tai
31、wan. There are a lot of beautiful love stories in her novels.E. Mo Yan won the 2012 Nobel Prize for literature. In his writing, he describes his life experiences in the place where he was born. F. Guo Jingming is one of the most famous modern writers. His novels are very popular among the young and
32、his novel Tiny Times is made into movies and becomes a big success.G. Jimmy is the best selling writer of picture 7relax herself.( )15. Steve hopes to be a famous writer in the future. Every night before going to bed, he likes reading some famous books, especially the books written by Mo Yan.books.
33、He has created many famous picture books and one of the best selling books is Turn Left and Turn Right.参考答案 1115 G A C D E【能力选练】 E（选自 2016 中考训练）阅读下列材料，从 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳答案，Are you shy？If you are，you are not aloneIn fact，close to 50percent of people are shyAlmost 80percent of people feel shy at some
34、 point in their livesThese days，shyness is becoming more and more commonNow，scientists are trying to understand shynessThey have some interesting ideas about why people are shyIs it possible to be born shy？Many scientists say yesThey say 15to 20percent of babies behave shylyThese babies are a little
35、 quieter and more watchful than other babiesInterestingly，these shy babies usually have shy parentsAs a result，scientists think that some shyness is geneticFamily size might cause people to be shy as wellScientists at Harvard University studied shy childrenThey found that 66percent of them had older
36、 brothers and sistersAs a result，they became shyAt the same time，children with no brothers and sisters may be shy as wellGrowing up alone，they often play by themselvesThey are not able to learn the same social skills as children from big familiesYou may also be shy because of where you were bornWhen
37、 scientists studied shyness in different countriesThey found surprising differencesIn Japan，most 8people said they were shyBut in Israel，only one of three people said soWhat explains the difference？One scientist says the Japanese and Israelis have different opinions of failureIn Japan，when people do
38、 not succeed，they feel bad about themselvesThey blame（责备）themselves for their failureIn Israel，the opposite is trueIsraelis often blame failure on outside reasons，such as family，teachers，friends，or bad luckIn Israel，freedom of opinion and risk taking are strongly supportedThis may be why Israelis wo
39、rry less about failure and are less shyFor shy people，it can be difficult to make friends，speak in class，and even get a good jobBut scientists say you can get over your shynessThey suggest trying new things and practicing conversationAnd dont forgetif you are shy，you are not the only one50What is th
40、e passage mainly about？ B AHappiness BShyness CKindness Dloneliness51What does the underlined word“genetic”in paragraph 2probably mean？ A APassed down from parents BLearned from friendsCTaught by teachers DMade up by brothers52What can be learned from the passage？ C AMost little babies are born shy
41、and quietBIf you are shy now，you will be shy foreverCMany shy children have older brothers and sistersDMost Israeli people are shy of expressing opinions53We can learn from the passage that B may cause shynessAgenetics，grownups and birthplace Bgenetics，family size and birthplaceCfamily size，grownups
42、 and failure Dgenetics，family size and freedom54Scientists suggest that shy people can get over their shyness by B Ablaming their failure on outside reasonsBtrying new things and practicing conversationCgetting themselves away from their shy parents9Dtrying to understand reasons for their shyness55W
43、hich of the following shows the structure（结构）of the passage？（P=Paragraph） A 【考点】科普知识类阅读【分析】翻译：你害羞吗？如果是，不止你一个事实上，接近 50%人害羞几乎 80%的人在他们的生活中感到害羞，现在，害羞越来越普遍科学家们正在试图理解害羞他们有一些有趣的想法为什么人很害羞它可能是出生就害羞？许多科学家说，他们说是的，百分之十五到百分之二十的婴儿表现出害羞这些婴儿比其他婴儿安静一点、更警惕有趣的是，这些害羞的孩子通常有害羞的父母因此，科学家们认为有些害羞是遗传家庭成员的数量可能使人害羞科学家在哈佛大学研究害羞
44、的孩子他们发现百分之六十六的有兄弟姐妹的孩子他们变得害羞同时，没有兄弟姐妹的孩子，也害羞他们独自成长，他们经常自己玩来自大家庭的孩子他们不能够学到同样的社会技能你可能也会因为你的出生地而害羞，科学家们研究在不同的国家害羞他们发现了惊人的差异在日本，大多数人说他们很害羞但在以色列，只有三分之一的人这么说为什么会有这样的区别？一位科学家说，日本和以色列对失败有不同意见在日本，当人们不成功，他们自我感觉不好他们责备他们自己的失败在以色列，恰恰相反以色列人常常把自己的失败归咎于外部原因，如家庭，朋友，老师，或者运气不好在以色列，自由的观点和冒险的精神强烈支持着他们这可能是为什么以色列人并不担心失败而不
45、害羞对于害羞的人来说，交朋友，在课堂上演讲，甚至得到一份好工作，都是很难的，但科学家说你可以克服你的羞怯，他们建议尝试新事物，练习对话，不要忘记如果你是害羞的，你不是唯一的一个10【解答】50B文章第一句话就问道“你害羞吗？如果是，那么你不是一个人”接着文章介绍了可能导致害羞的三个原因，最后说害羞虽然有很多害处，但是可以改变的所以本文讲的主要是害羞故选 B51A前文说到 Interestingly，these shy babies usually have shy parentsAs a result 有趣的是，这些害羞的婴儿通常有害羞的父母，由此判断“genetic”意为从父母传下来的基因故
46、选 A52C文章第三段中提到 They found that 66 percent of them had older brothers and sisters害羞的孩子中百分之六十六有哥哥或者姐姐文章中说有些孩子生下来会害羞和安静，但不是大部分，排除 A；害羞是可以改变的，排除 B；以色列人表达观点更自由更大胆，而不是更害羞，排除 D；故选 C53B文章的二三四段，分别介绍了可能导致害羞的三个原因分别是：基因、家庭人数和出生地，故选 B54B文章最后一段说到 They suggest trying new things and practicing conversation他们建议尝试新事物，练习交谈，这样可以改变害羞的性格故选 B55A文章第一段引出本文讲述的主题：害羞，接着二三四段分别介绍了可能导致害羞的三个原因，分别是：基因、家庭人数和出生地，最后一段总结了害羞的害处和改变这种性格的办法所以是总分总的结构故选 A【点评】首先理解问题，然后带着问题快速阅读短文，找出与问题有关的句子，并理解大意，最后仔细斟酌，找出答案 ，并核对
