1、1课时训练(三) Units1-4(七下)(限时:30 分钟).2018连云港阅读理解Batsaretheonlymammalsthatcanflyagreatdistance,buttheyhaveanotherability.Manybatsliveaverylongtimeforananimaltheirsize.Europeanresearchersarestudyingbatstounderstandwhytheylivesolong.Theyhopetomakediscoveriestofighttheagingprocess(过程)inhumanbeings.Lastweek,t
2、hegroupofscientistssaidtheyhadfoundimportantbiologicalqualitiesinsomebatspecies.Thegroupstudiedbatchromosomes(染色体),alineofgenesfoundinthenucleus(核)ofcells.Thescientistsweremostinterestedinpartsconnectedtotheendsofthechromosomes.Theyarecalledtelomeres(端粒).Telomeresprotecttheendsofchromosomes,whichsho
3、rteneachtimeacelldivides.Scientistsbelievethisshorteningprocesscausescellstobreakdown. . Areportonbatswaspublishedthismonthinthejournal ScienceAdvances.AmongtheleadersofthestudywasEmmaTeeling,abiologistwithUniversityCollegeDublininIreland.Teelingsaidstudyinglong-livingmammalsthathavedevelopedwaystof
4、ightaging “isanotherwaytoprovethemolecular(分子)basisofextended healthlength.” Sheaddedthatstudyingbatsmadescientistsabletolearnmoreabouttheprocesses “thatdrivehealthyaging.”TheEuropeanresearchersstudied493batsfromfourbatspecies.Thegroupusedinformationthathadbeengatheredovermorethan60years.Oftheseanim
5、als,thegreatermouse-earedbatgenerallylivedthelongest,anaverageof37years.2Thescientistssaidthisandarelatedspecies,whicharegroupedtogetherunderthenameMyotis,hadtelomeresthatdidnotshortenwithage.AnotherMyotisbatholdstherecordforoldestage,reaching41years.Thescientistsfindingssuggestthatthesebatscellshav
6、etheabilitytokeepandrepairtheirtelomeres.This,theysaid,helpsguardagainsttheagingprocess.Basedonitsbodysize,abatlikethegreatermouse-earedbatwouldbeexpectedtolivefouryears.But,thesemammalshavebeenfoundtolivenearly10timeslongerthanthat.ThescientistsfoundthatEighteenofthesearebats.Theonlyexceptionisanun
7、usualAfricanrodent,thenakedmolerat.1.WhichsentencecanbeputattheendofParagraph3?A.Thismakesscientistsabletostudybats.B.Thatswhybatscanflyagreatdistance.C.Theysaythisiswhatcausesaging.D.Theydiscoverthecellsconnectedtohumans.2.Whydosomespeciesofbatsliveaverylongtime?A.Becausetheyhavealineoflong-livingg
8、enesoutofthecells.B.Becausetheircellshavetheabilitytokeepandrepairtheirtelomeres.C.Becausetheyhaveanotherabilitytolivelongerwithoutanyfoodorwater.D.Becausetelomeresprotecttheendsofchromosomestostopcellsdividing.3.Theunderlinedword “that” refersto . A.fouryears B.bodysizeC.theagingprocess D.theabilit
9、ytorepair4.Whatsthebesttitleofthepassage?A.DifferencesBetweenLong-livingAnimals3B.AScienceReportonChromosomesC.DoBatsHoldtheSecrettoLongLife?D.AreHumansandBatsSimilarinProtectingThemselves?.2017绍兴完形填空AsanewteacheratDoullPrimarySchoolinDenver,KyleSchwartzthoughtofasimplewaytogettoknowherthirdgraders,
10、mostofwhomcamefrom 5 families.Sheaskedthemtocompletethe 6 “Iwishmyteacherknew” andsharesomethingaboutthemselves. Their 7 answersgavetheteacherachancetounderstandherstudentsdifficulties. “IwishmyteacherknewIhavenopencilstodomyhomework,” 8 onechild. “Iwishmyteacherknewsometimesmyreadinghomeworkisnotsi
11、gned(签名),becausemymomisnot 9 alot,” wroteanother.Somesharedhopeforthe 10 , “IwishmyteacherknewthatIwanttogotocollege.” “Somenotesarereallyheartbreaking,” SchwartztellsABCNews. “Icare 11 abouteachofmystudentsandIdontwantthemtobepoorforever,” sheexplains. “Ihopedtoknow 12 Icouldbettersupportthem.SoI 1
12、3 toletthemtellmewhatIneededtoknow.ThatwaswhyIcreatedthefill-in-the-blankexercise.” 14 thethirdgraderswereallowedtoansweranonymously(匿名地),mostwantedtoincludenames.Andsomewereevenexcitedtoreadtheirnotesoutloud, 15 oneshygirlwhobravelysaidthatshewaslonely. “Aftershetoldtheclass, Idonthavefriendsto 16
13、me, Iwasworriedwhattheywoulddo,” SchwartztellsUsWeekly. “However,Ifeltencouragedtoseehowmuchsupporttheotherkidsoffered 17 .Theyinvitedhertoplayatbreakandsitwiththematlunch.Yousee, 18 haveanunusualabilitytoexpressempathy(同情).” “Theresultshavebeen 19 ,” saysSchwartz. “Itspeakstotheimportanceofgivingpe
14、opleavoiceandreallylisteningtothem.” 5.A.traditional B.friendly C.poor D.small6.A.postcard B.note C.letter D.diary47.A.honest B.polite C.usual D.right8.A.suggested B.copied C.repeated D.wrote9.A.free B.careless C.famous D.angry10.A.society B.course C.research D.future11.A.secretly B.deeply C.nervous
15、ly D.directly12.A.where B.why C.how D.when13.A.decided B.refused C.forgot D.learned14.A.Unless B.Though C.Because D.Once15.A.like B.from C.against D.except16.A.lookfor B.talkabout C.dependon D.playwith17.A.him B.you C.her D.me18.A.children B.teachers C.parents D.reporters19.A.boring B.surprising C.w
16、orrying D.relaxing.2018盐城改编语法填空阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1 个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。Over2,000yearsago,inChina,therelivedaboycalledConfucius.Whenhewasonlythree,hisfather20. (die).Hismotherwasverypoor.Inthosedayspeoplehadtopaytogotoschoolandhismotherdidnothaveenoughmoney21. (send)him. AsConfuciusgrewuphewantedtolearn
17、things.Sohedecidedtoteach22. (him).Unfortunately,hewasastrange-lookingboy.Theotherchildrenpointedandmadefunofhim.Theycalledhimnamesandlaughed23. him.Confuciusgotveryupset,buthewasakind,gentleboyanddidnotfightback. Confuciusdidnotplaywithotherchildren.Hewentofftotalktoholymen(圣人)inthetempleandlearned
18、fromthem.Hetalkedtoartistsand24. 5(musician)andlearnedfromthem.Ifhetriedtodosomethingdifficult,hekepttryingoverandoveragain25. helearnedhowtodoit.Inthiswaytheboytaughthimselftoreadandwriteandlearnedlotsofinterestingthings.Confuciusgrewuptobeaverycleverman. Whenhewasaman,Confuciusbecametherulerof26.
19、cityofChangtu.Peoplewereveryhappy.Whenhewastheir27. (lead).Heusedhisabilitiesandskills28. awiseway. Peoplesometimescallhimthe29. (great)manwhoeverlived.Westillremembermanyofhissayingstoday. .单词拼写根据下列句子及所给的首字母,写出各单词的正确、完全形式。(每空限填一词)30.Disneylandisenjoyedbymillionsofp aroundtheworld. 31.Therearenearly
20、fourh studentsinourschool. 32.IfyouwanttobecomeagoodMarathonathlete,youmustp runningeveryday. 33.Thebesttimetobrushyourteethisthreem aftermeals. 34.Ilovetakingnaps.Beingabletor inthemiddleofthedayisgreat! 35.MissYangisourEnglishteacher.Sheteachesu Englishverywell. 36.Dontforgettoturnoffthelightswhen
21、youl theclassroom. 37.Healwaysasksustof t herules.Hesaystheyareimportantforeveryone. 38.Tom,dontf withyourclassmates.Youshouldbefriendlytothem. 39.NowyouknowMr.Yangisfriendlytous,butheisalsos withus. .书面表达假如你是 Linda, 请你对你的笔友 Alice 发来的 e-mail 进行回复,词数 80 左右。To:Linda6From:AliceDearLinda,ImafraidIvegota
22、bigproblemrecently.Mymothertalkstoomuchtome.Shealwaystellsme, “Becarefulwhilecrossingthestreet.”“Putonmoreclothes.”“Didyoudoagoodjobatschool?” andsoon.Imannoyed(烦恼的).WhatshallIdo?Yours,AliceTo:AliceFrom:LindaDearAlice,Yours,Linda7参考答案.主旨大意 本文是一篇科普说明文。文章讲述了欧洲科学家研究了作为哺乳动物的蝙蝠寿命长的原因。同时列举了几种不同蝙蝠寿命长的原因。1.
23、C 推理判断题。根据短文内容“Scientistsbelievethisshorteningprocesscausescellstobreakdown.”可知,这个缩短的流程会引起细胞破损,会对寿命造成影响。故选 C。2.B 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Thescientistsfindingssuggestthatthesebatscellshavetheabilitytokeepandrepairtheirtelomeres.”可知,这些蝙蝠长寿的原因是因为它们的细胞能保持和修复它们的端粒。故选 B。3.A 代词指代题。根据倒数第二段中“Basedonitsbodysize,abatli
24、kethegreatermouse-earedbatwouldbeexpectedtolivefouryears.”可知,此处 that 指 fouryears。故选 A。4.C 标题归纳题。本文主要讲述的是科学家研究蝙蝠长寿的原因,C 项符合文章主题。故选 C。.主旨大意 本文是一篇记叙文,文章主要讲述了一位名叫 KyleSchwartz 的老师采取措施教育学生的故事。KyleSchwartz 为了更好地掌握学生的情况,让学生写出自己想让老师知道的事情,结果导致班风出奇的好,这让她非常惊喜。由此告诉我们:认真聆听别人的心声,才能更好地了解他人。5.C 考查形容词辨析。根据第三段中的“Idon
25、twantthemtobepoorforever”可知,KyleSchwartz 所教的班级里的大部分学生都来自贫困家庭。故选 C。6.B 考查名词辨析。根据第三段第一句中的“Somenotesarereallyheartbreaking”可知,KyleSchwartz 让每名学生写一张便条。故选 B。7.A 考查形容词辨析。根据本句中的“gavetheteacherachancetounderstandherstudentsdifficulties.”可知,学生们都实事求是地写出了他们各自的心声,即他们的回答很诚实。honest 意为“诚实的”,符合语境。故选 A。8.D 考查动词辨析。根据
26、下句中的“wroteanother”可推知,“IwishmyteacherknewIhavenopencilstodomyhomework”是其中一个孩子在便条上写的内容。故选 D。9.A 考查形容词辨析。根据本句中的“sometimesmyreadinghomeworkisnotsigned”可推知,有时候妈妈之所以没有在阅读作业上面签名,是因为她没有空。故选 A。810.D 考查名词辨析。根据下句“IwishmyteacherknewthatIwanttogotocollege.”可知,上大学是将来的 事情,所以此处是在谈论“对未来的希望” 。故选 D。11.B 考查副词词义辨析。根据本句
27、中的“Idontwantthemtobepoorforever”及下句“IhopedtoknowIcouldbettersupportthem.”可推知,KyleSchwartz 不想让孩子们永远贫穷,所以她深深地关心着每一个孩子。故选 B。12.C 考查特殊疑问词辨析。句意:我想知道自己怎样才能更好地支持他们。how 意为“如何” 。故选 C。13.A 考查动词辨析。根据上句“Ihopedtoknow Icouldbettersupportthem.”可推知,KyleSchwartz 正在寻找帮助并支持孩子们日后发展的方法,所以她决定让孩子 们对她说出他们的种种困难。decidetodost
28、h.意为“决定做某事” 。故选 A。14.B 考查连词辨析。 “wereallowedtoansweranonymously”与“mostwantedtoincludenames”之间构成了逻辑上的转折关系,所以本句应是让步状语从句。though 意为“虽然;尽管”,引导让步状语从句。故选 B。15.A 考查介词辨析。分析句子结构可知,“oneshygirlwhobra velysaidthatshewaslonely”在此是具体的例子,指这位腼腆的女孩是众多情绪激动的孩子中的一员。like 意为“像”,符合语境。故选 A。16.D 考查动词短语辨析。根据上句中的“shewaslonely”及
29、下文中的“Theyinvitedhertoplay”可推知,这位腼腆的女孩平时很孤独,她没有可以一起玩的朋友。故选 D。17.C 考查代词辨析。根据下句“Theyinvitedhertoplayatbreakandsitwiththematlunch.”可推知,其他的孩子邀请这位腼腆的女孩和他们一起玩,说明“其他的孩子主动为她提供了许多支持” 。此处指代的是 shygirl,应用 her。故选C。18.A 考查名词辨析。结合语境可知,孩子们乐于为他人提供帮助,他们拥有不同 寻常的表达同情的能力。故选 A。19.B 考查形容词辨析。根据第四段内容可知,班里的孩子开始相互提供帮助,他们学会了同情并
30、帮助别人,这种变化出乎 KyleSchwartz 的意料,让她感到很惊讶。故选 B。.20.died 21.tosend 22.himself 23.at 24.musicians25.until 26.the 27.leader 28.in 29.greatest.30.people 31.hundred 32.practice 33.minutes34.relax 35.us 36.leave 37.follow 38.fight 39.strict9. Onepossibleversion:DearAlice,Asateenager,Imetthesameproblemasyou.But
31、nowIcangetalongwithmymother.Herearesomeideasforyou.Yourmothertalksmuch,becauseshecaresaboutyou.Maybeitsnotagoodway,butitshowsyourmotherslove.SoIthinkyoushouldlistentoher.Ifyouropinionsaredifferentfromyourmothers,youcancommunicatewithher,andtellherwhatyourethinkingabout.Ifyourmotherdoesnttakeyouradvice,justkeepsilentandgiveherasmile.IhopewhatIsayherecanhelpyou.Yours,Linda
