1、12019（宜宾）中考英语语法：主谓一致讲与练专题十一 主谓一致真 题 试 做(B)1.(2017宜宾中考改编)Two months _ a long time.We can visit our grandparents during the vacation.A.am B.is C.are D.were(B)2.(江西中考)The water _ dark and dirty.Its no longer safe to drink.A.became B.has becomeC.will become D.was becoming(A)3.(南充中考)The number of the vol
2、unteers _ 100 now.And a small number of them _ already gone to the workplace.A.is；have B.are；haveC.is；are D.is；has(C)4.(新疆中考)There _ some milk and apples in the fridge.A.has B.have C.is D.are(C)5.(长春中考)There _ two dictionaries on the bookcase.You can use either of them.A.is B.was C.are D.be考向归结在中考中,
3、主要通过单项选择或完形填空的形式考查谓语动词与人称和数的一致,主要体现在 there be句型和就近原则上。考 点 突 破主谓一致,分三个方面：语法一致原则、意义一致原则和邻近一致原则。1.语法一致原则主语和谓语通常在语法形式上取得一致,即主语是单数形式,谓语动词用相应的单数形式；主语为复数形式,谓语动词用相应的复数形式。(1)当 and和 bothand连接名词作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。如：2Tom and I are good students.汤姆和我是好学生。(2)不定代词either,anything,someone,somebody,something,everyone,eve
4、rybody,everything,nobody,no one,nothing等作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。如：There is something wrong with my bicycle.我的自行车出问题了。(3)由 each,eachand each,everyand every作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。如：Each boy and each girl was given a new book.每个男生和女生都被给了一本新书。(4)主语后接有 with,along with,together with,as well as,no less than,rather than,inc
5、luding,besides,like,except,but等词或短语时,谓语动词的单复数由主语的单复数形式决定。如：Mr.Green with his wife and two children is leaving for Beijing.格林先生和他的老婆及两个孩子将动身去北京。All the teachers,including Miss Li are going to attend a meeting.所有的老师包括李小姐都要去开会。(5)a number of可数名词复数作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式；the number of可数名词复数作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。如：A num
6、ber of trees were cut down last year.去年很多树被砍倒了。The number of students in our class is 41.我们班上的学生人数是 41。(6)“a lot of (lots of,plenty of,a pile of,most of)名词”和“分数或百分数名词”作主语时,谓语动词的单复数形式取决于名词本身的单复数,即名词为不可数名词,谓语动词用单数形式；名词为可数名词复数,谓语动词用对应的复数形式。如：Seventy percent of the earths surface is covered with water.地
7、球表面 70%都是水。Two fifths of the students in our class are girls.我们班五分之二的学生是女生。(7)由“a pair of,a kind of名词复数”作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式；“pairs of,kinds of名词复数”作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。如：This kind of computer is popular with students.这种类型的电脑受学生欢迎。These kinds of computers are popular with many students.这些种类的电脑受学生3欢迎。(8)某些只有复数形式
8、的名词：clothes,trousers,shorts,pants,shoes,gloves 等作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。如：My shoes were worn out.我的鞋子穿坏了。(9)不定式或动名词形式作主语时,谓语动词的单复数形式应与主语的数保持一致。如：Reading is learning.阅读就是在学习。Reading and writing are good studying methods.阅读与写作是好的学习方法。2.意义一致原则意义一致原则也可作概念一致原则,即谓语动词用单数形式还是复数形式主要看主语所表达的概念。(1)由 and连接的两个名词作主语时,如果指统一
9、概念(即 and后面无冠词),则谓语动词用单数形式。如：The teacher and writer is coming to give us a report next week.那位老师兼作家将于下周给我们作报告。(2)表示金钱、价格、时间、长度等复数名词、词组作主语时,一般被看作一个整体,谓语动词常用单数形式。如：Ten kilometers is a long distance.10千米是很长一段距离。(3)集体名词 family,team,crowd,company,class,group,government等如果表示集体成员,谓语动词用复数形式；如果它们作为一个集体单位时,谓语动
10、词用单数形式。如：His family is going to move to Hong Kong.他将举家搬迁到香港。His family are very friendly.他的家人都很友好。(4)people,police等集合名词作主语时,谓语动词也要用复数。如：The police are helping the lost child find his home.警察正在帮助迷路的小孩找家。(5)“the姓氏复数”意为“的一家或夫妇” 。作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。如：The Smiths like blueberry cakes.史密斯一家喜欢蓝莓蛋糕。3.邻近一致原则有时谓语动
11、词的形式与主语并不一致,而是与靠近它的名词一致,这种原则叫做邻近一致原则,又名就近原则。4(1)由 eitheror,neithernor,not onlybut (also),notbut或 or连接两个并列主语时,谓语动词与较近的主语在数上保持一致。如：Not only my parents but also I am interested in The Readers.不仅是我父母,我也对朗读者感兴趣。(2)There be和 Here be这两个句式中的 be动词常与邻近的主语在数上保持一致。如：There are two chairs and a table in Mikes roo
12、m.迈克的房间里有两把椅子和一张桌子。小 试 牛 刀(B)1.Uncle Liang _ in Haikou since 1980,so he knows a lot about the city.A.is living B.has livedC.lived D.was living(A)2.Running _ a good way to exercise every day.A.is B.was C.are D.were(B)3._there any rice in the bag?A.Has B.Is C.Are D.Were(C)4.What would you like to have
13、 for supper,Jack?Either noodles or rice _ OK.I dont mind.A.are B.were C.is D.be(C)5.The winter holiday is coming,so the twins as well as Alex _ to Sanya for vacation.A.is going B.goesC.are going D.went(B)6.The pair of trousers _ me.A.fit B.fitsC.will fit D.have fitted(A)7.Do you need more time to co
14、mplete the task?Yes.Another ten minutes _ enough.A.is B.was C.are D.were5(C)8.There _ lots of sheep and pigs on my uncles farm now.A.were B.is C.are D.was(C)9.My aunt said she called you yesterday morning,but there was no answer.Oh,my husband together with my daughter and me _ our car in the garden.A.were washing B.had washedC.was washing D.has washed(B)10.Tony with his parents often _ to the movies on weekends.A.go B.goesC.has gone D.have gone
