1、专题十一 非谓语动词非谓语动词是指在句子中不是谓语的 动词，主要包括动词不定式(to do)、动名 词(doing)和分词(doing /done)。 在句中不能 单独作谓语， 但仍然保留动词的某些特征。 初中阶段重点掌握不定式的基本用法。 中考考 点解读 广东省卷近 5年中考统计情况 (单项填空 完形填空 短文填空) 2014 in order not to do 2015 advise not to do 2016 expect to do 2017 ask to do 接不 定式 2018 sb. think it adj. to do接动 名词 2014 2015 2016 2017
2、2018 省略 to 的 不定 式 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018考点分析： 从近 5 年的考查情况来看，非谓语 动词是单项填空的必考题， 每年均考查 1 题， 近几年考查的都是动词不定式。 2019 年备考时仍要重点掌握动词不定式，但 也要掌握动名词和省略 to的不定式的用 法。考点 动词 不定式( 一) 1. 动词不定式的形式与特点 结构 例子 肯定形式 “todo” (有的不带 to) He asked me to play football with him. 他让我和他一起踢足 球。(带 to) I saw a boy go across the road just
3、 now. 我刚才看见有个男孩 过了马路。(不带 to) 否定形式 “not to do” The teacher told me not to be late again. 老师告诉我不要再迟到。2. 用法：作宾语、作宾语补足语、目的状语 和主语 (1)不定式作宾语 结构 例子 动 词 to do sth. Suddenly it began to rain. (to rain 作 began 的宾语) 天突然开始下雨。 I hope to see the famous scientist. (to see作 hope 的宾语) 我希望看到这位著名的科学家。常见后接不定式作宾语的动词 wan
4、t to do sth. 想做某事 promise to do sth. 承诺做某事 plan to do sth. 计划做某事 like to do sth. 喜欢做某事 refuse to do sth. 拒绝做某事 begin/start to do sth. 开始做某事 t r yt od o sth. 设法做某事 expect to do sth. 期望做某事 would like to do sth. 愿意做某事常见后接不定式作宾语的动词 decide to do sth. 决定做某事 of f e rt od ost h . 主动提出做某 事 learn to do sth. 学
5、做某事 hope to do sth. 希望做某事 afford to do sth. 承担得起做某 事 help(to)do sth. 帮忙做某事 agree to do sth. 同意做某事 continue to do sth. 继续做某事 pretend to do sth. 假装做某事结构 例子 疑问 词与不 定式连 用作宾 语 when to do(什么时候做)， how to do(怎样做)， what to do(做什么)， where to do(在哪儿做)， which to do(做哪一个)。例如： I dont know what to buy for my mothe
6、r. (what to buy 作 know 的宾语) 我不知道给妈妈买什么。结构 例子 用 it 作形式 宾语，真正的 宾语在后面 Ifi nditdifficult to learn Chinese well. 我发现学好中文很难。(2)不定式作宾语补足语 My father asked Mary to buy some flowers back. 我爸爸叫玛丽去买些花回来。 (Mary 在句中作宾语，to buy 补充说明 Mary 要做的事) Mr. Li told us not to play computer games in the net bar. 李老师告诉我们不要在网吧玩电
7、脑游戏。 (us 在句中作宾语， not to play 补充说明 us 不要做的事)类似用法的动词有： ask sb. (not) to do sth. 叫某人(不要)做某 事 wish sb. (not) to do sth. 希望某人(不要)做某 事 tell sb. (not) to do sth. 告诉某人(不要)做 某事 would like sb. (not) to do sth. 想要某人(不要)做某 事want sb. (not) to do sth. 想某人(不要)做某 事 encourage sb. (not) to do sth. 鼓励某人(不要)做某 事 teach
8、sb. (not) to do sth. 教某人(不要)做某 事 allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事expect sb. (not) to do sth. 盼望某人(不要)做 某事 i n v itesb.t odost h . 邀请某人做某事 advise sb. (not) to do sth. 建议某人(不要)做 某事 help sb. (to) do sth. 帮助某人做某事(3)不定式作目的状语 She went to China to learn Chinese. (to learn 作目的状语) 她去中国学中文。 (4)不定式作主语 To do sports
9、 is very healthy. It is very healthy to do sports. 做运动很健康。( )1. (2018广东) After long years of war, many people in Syria are homeless. I think it important _ a peaceful world. A. build B. not build C. to build D. not to build C ( )2. (2017 广东) For more than once, our head teacher asks us _ the habit o
10、f keeping a diary. A. develop B. develops C. developing D. to develop D 中考真题面对面 ( )3. (2016 广东) Leonardo DiCaprio, a famous American actor, was always expecting _ an Oscar and finally he made it. A. to win B. will win C. not to win D. not winning A ( )4. (2015 广东)W ea d v i s ep a r e n t s _ their
11、children at home alone in order to keep them away from danger. A. not leave B. not to leave C. leave D. to leave B( )5. (2014广东) In order _ for the meeting, my sister forced herself to get up early this morning. A. not to be late B. not being late C. to be late D. being late A ( )6. (2013 广东) I didn
12、t hear you come in just now. Thats good. We tried _ any noise, for you were sleeping. A. not make B. not to make C. to make D. making B( )7. (2012 广东)I tt o o km et w ow e e k s _ reading the novels written by Guo Jingming. A. finish B. to finish C. finishes D. finishing B ( )8. (2011 广东)T r yt os i
13、 n gm o r e English songs, and you will find it interesting _ a foreign language. A. learning B. learns C. learn D. to learn D( )9. (2010 广东) W ec a nu s eQ Qt o chat with each other on the Internet. Really? Will you please show me _ it? A. how to use B. what to use C. how can I use D. what can I us
14、e A ( )10. (2009 广东)T o m sm o t h e ra s k e d him _ some washing after dinner. A. to do B. does C. do D. did A( )1. Jack has lived in China for three years, but he is still unable _ Chinese fluently. A. speak B. to speak C. speaking D. not to speak B ( )2. There was a big fire in the building. For
15、tunately, all the people managed _ from the burning building. A. to escape B. escaping C. escape D. to escaping A 对点专练 ( )3. Ryan promised _ his old friend during his holiday in Hainan. Its hard for him to have a break this year. A. see B. seeing C. saw D. to see D ( )4. I will try my best _ my son
16、from making the same mistake. You should let him go through it. Then hell understand. A. to stop B. stop C. stopping D. stopped A( )5. Lots of parents often warn their kids _ the road when the traffic lights are red. But they dont always take their parents words to heart. A. to cross B. crossing C.
17、not crossing D. not to cross D 1. 省 to的不定式 使役动词和感官动词，后带宾语，再 接不定式作宾补时，若为主动语态，不定 式要省 to；若为被动语态，要补 to。常考 的有： 考点 动词不定式(二)make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事 watch sb. do (doing) sth. 注视某人(正在)做某事 let sb. do sth. 让某人做某事 notice sb. do (doing) sth. 注意某人(正在)做某事 have sb. do sth. 使某人做某事 see sb. do (doing) sth. 看见某人(正在)做某事
18、 hear sb. do (doing) sth. 听见某人(正在)做某事 例如：I often see him run on the road. (省略 to) 我经常看见他在马路上跑步。 2. 不带 to 的常用句型 had better (not) do sth. 最好(不)做某事 You had better stay here. Its raining hard. would rather do A than do B 宁愿做 A，也不愿 做 B I would rather stay at home than go out to play.prefer to do A rather
19、 than do B 宁愿做 A， 也不愿做 B He prefers to have class rather than have a rest. Why dont you do sth.? 为什么不做某事？ Why dont you go ou tt ose eaf il mwi t h me? Why not do sth.? 为什么不做某事？ Why not visit me sometime next week? Would/Could you please do sth.? 请问你能做某事吗？ Would/Could you please pass me a glass of wa
20、ter?( )1. For the coming vacation, why not _ going abroad and seeing the outside world? That sounds great. But I dont have so much money. A. consider B. to consider C. considering D. considers A 对点专练 C ( )3. Li Tao is such a lazy boy that he always lets his mother _ bags for him. He must get rid of
21、the bad habit. A. carrying B. to carry C. carry D. carried C ( )2. Going hiking with a group of people makes me _. Really? May I go with you next time? A. relaxing B. to relax C. relax D. to relaxing( )4. Sarah, youd better _ more w ate raf te rr un ni ngforsu c hal ongti me . OK, I will. A. drink B
22、. to drink C. drinking D. drinks A ( )5. What about going swimming this afternoon, Ann? I would rather _ at home than _ swimming. Its a little cold outside. A. stay; going B. stay; go C. to stay; to go D. to stay; going B1. 动名词的基本形式和性质 (1)动名词是由“动词原形ing”构成，形 式与动词的现在分词相同。例如： No smoking here. 这里禁止吸烟。 考
23、点 动名词 (2)动名词兼有动词和名词的性质。 动词的性 质是可以带宾语和状语，组成动名词短语； 名词的性质是在句子中可以充当主语、表 语、宾语、介词宾语。如： She is fond of collecting stamps. 她喜欢集邮。(作宾语)2. 常考可接动名词的动词和动词短语 avoid doing sth. 避免做某事 mind doing sth. 介意做某事 finish doing sth. 完成做某事 like doing sth. 喜欢做某事 practise doing sth. 练习做某事 keep doing sth. 坚持做某事 enjoy doing sth.
24、 乐意做某事 consider doing sth. 考虑做某事 suggest doing sth. 建议做某事prevent sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事 stop sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事 spend(in) doing sth. 花做某事 prefer doing sth. to doing sth. 比起做某事， 更喜欢 做某事 cant help doing sth. 禁不住做某事 feel like doing sth. 想做某事 pay attention to doing sth. 注意做某事 be busy doing
25、 sth. 忙于做某事 be/get used to doing sth. 习惯于做某事 be worth doing sth. 值得做某事 look forward to doing sth. 盼望做某事 give up doing sth. 放弃做某事 have difficulty (in) doing sth. 做某事有困难 succeed in doing sth. 成功做某事 What/How about doing sth.? 做某事怎么样？3. 有些动词既可接不定式，也可接-ing 形 式，但意义不同： stop doing sth. 停止做某事 stop to do sth.
26、 停下来去做另一件事 try doing sth. 尝试做某事 try to do sth. 设法或努力去做某事 remember doing sth. 记得做过某事(已做) remember to do sth. 记得去做某事(未做)forget doing sth. 忘记做过某事(已做) forget to do sth. 忘记去做某事(未做) be/get used to doing sth. 习惯做某事 used to do sth. 过去常常做某事 regret doing sth. 对做过的事感到后悔(已做) r e g r e tt odost h . 对要做的事感到遗憾(未做)
27、( )1. Did you talk back to your mother when you were a child? Yes. But now I realize I was wrong. I really regret _ that silly thing to my mom. A. do B. to do C. doing D. did C 对点专练 ( )2. What kind of program do you like better, science fictions or comedies? I prefer _ comedies. A. watches B. watchi
28、ng C. watched D. watch B ( )3. Everyone is looking forward to _ a good time after the exam. So they are seriously preparing for the exam. A. to have B. have C. having D. to having C( )4. Make sure you turn off the lights and the computer, Mike. Come on, Mom. You dont have to keep _ me of it. A. remi
29、nd B. to remind C. reminded D. reminding D ( )5. Maggie is fond of _ pop songs from the Internet because its free and convenient. A. download B. to download C. downloaded D. downloading D真题演练 15 BCCBD 610 BCCCD 1115 DCDAC 1620 ACABA A组：模拟演练 15 DDCCB 610 CCCBB 1115 CBCAA 1620 CABCD 2125 AAAAAB组：能力提升 1. to discuss 2. to return 3. considering 4. to keep 5. to reduce 6. fall 7. protecting 8. having 9. to say 10. to visit
