1、12019春中考英语：阅读理解及答案（限时:30 分钟）A“Its over! Thank goodness!”School was over and I was tired. I sat at the front of the school bus.Janie, the driver, always tries to break the uncomfortable atmosphere （气氛） by talking. I try to listen politely, but usually Im busy thinking about my day. On this day, howev
2、er, her talk was worth listening to.“My fathers ill,” she said. I could see worry in her eyes. I had never seen her like this before. She always meets students with a smile.With a sudden feeling of interest, I asked, “Whats wrong with him?”With her eyes wet and her voice unusual, she answered, “Hear
3、t trouble.” Her eyes lowered as she continued, “Ive already lost my mom, so I dont think I can stand losing him.” I couldnt answer. My heart ached for her.I sat on the seat thinking of the great pain my own mother was thrown into when her father died.I saw how hard it was, and still is, for her. I w
4、ouldnt want anyone to go through that.Suddenly I realized Janie wasnt only a bus driver, which was just her job. She had a whole world of family and cares too.I shouldnt have been so selfish. I paid no attention to Janie because she was a bus driver. I had judged （判断） her by her job and considered h
5、er as an unimportant person.Understanding people is an art.1.After she learned about Janies story, the writer thought of . A.her fathers deathB.her mothers painC.the ache of her own heart2D.the pain of Janies parents2.The writer found herself selfish because she had . A.never thought of her mothers
6、painB.thought of Janie as nothing but a driverC.thought of herself as an important personD.never listened to others while they were sad3.In this passage the writer tries to tell us that . A.losing parents makes people sad and helplessB.understanding people around us takes timeC.we should learn to un
7、derstand people around usD.its not right to judge people around us by their clothes or jobsBIt was a fine spring day with beautiful flowers in the park. A young man arrived early and waited for his girlfriend under a big tree. But he was so short-tempered（急性子的） that he wasnt in the mood to enjoy the
8、 view.Suddenly, an angel appeared. “Put this button onto your clothes. If you dont want to wait, just turn the button to the right. You can skip over any period if you want to.” The man happily held the button and turned it softly. Oh! How amazing! His girlfriend appeared before him and was gently s
9、miling at him! “How I wish our wedding ceremony could be held now!” He turned the button once again. A great wedding appeared in front of him. The beautiful bride（新娘） was standing next to him and the band was playing cheerful music. He lost himself in it deeply.The desires（愿望） in his heart kept comi
10、ng out: I also want a big house with a garden in front. He turned the button. Then he wished for children. All of a sudden, a group of lovely children were playing happily in the huge living room. Again, he jumped at the chance to turn the button to the right.How time flew! Before he could see beaut
11、iful flowers in the garden, everything had been covered in deep snow. Looking at himself again, he found his hair was totally white. He had already become so old.3He felt so sad. He would rather enjoy life step by step than watch it go by in such a hurry. He quickly turned the button to the left. On
12、ce again, he was waiting for his lovely girlfriend under that big tree.4.Which of the following words can best describe the young man?A.Handsome. B.Kind.C.Smart. D.Impatient.5.What does the underlined phrase in the second paragraph mean?A.Spend. B.Pass.C.Wait. D.Save.6.How did the young man feel abo
13、ut the wedding ceremony scene?A.He felt bored.B.He felt confused.C.He loved the moment.D.He wanted to see it again.7.Whats the main idea of the story?A.You can have lots of fun waiting for others.B.Let nature take its course, and enjoy your life journey.C.Time flies and we should learn to hurry to d
14、o things.D.The more you expect, the more you will be disappointed.CRunning in Cold Weather Improves PerformanceCold weather during winter months may keep many people from leaving home and running in the open air. However, a new study shows that the drop in temperature is a good reason to run. In fac
15、t, researchers say, running in cold weather helps improve ones performance.Many people say running in winter can be difficult. Two reasons are the low temperatures and bitter winds. Yet many runners might find it easier than running in hot weather. That could be because lower temperatures reduce str
16、ess on the body. When you run in cold weather, your body loses less water than in warmer conditions. The body needs less water on a cold day than in warm weather. 4This information comes from sports scientists at St. Marys University in London.John Brewer is a professor of applied sport science at S
17、t. Marys. For this study, he and other researchers put a group of people into a room they called an “environmental chamber”. The researchers then recreated summer and winter weather conditions in the room. The test subjects were asked to run 10,000 meters under both conditions. Brewer says he and hi
18、s team recorded biological measurements（测量） of the runners. “Weve got a group of subjects into the environmental chamber, weve changed the conditions to recreate summer or winter and weve got them to run 10km under both of those conditions and taken various measurements on each runner while theyve b
19、een completing their 10km.”They found that the runners lost water by around 30.38% more in those hotter conditions. Besides, Brewer says every movement runners make produces heat. He explains that one way in which we lose heat is by sweating（出汗）. He says the body also loses heat by transporting the
20、blood to the surface of the skin. “That heat builds up in the body and can be really damaging unless you can lose that heat. And its much harder to lose heat when the environment is warm as well.” And they found their perception of heat was around a third lower when they were running in cold conditi
21、ons. The body does not have to work as hard to pump blood to the skins surface.Several websites note that the most important thing for people who run in cold conditions is to wear the right clothing. Keeping as dry as possible is the most important when exercising in low temperatures. So, if you are
22、 a runner, dont let winter weather keep you indoors. Simply get ready for the low temperatures and start running.8.According to the passage, John Brewer probably agrees that . A.people should run 10,000 meters in winterB.running in winter is good for your heartC.people who run in winter like to wear
23、 thick clothing5D.running in cold conditions is better than in warm conditions9.The underlined word “subjects” in Paragraph 3 probably means . A.students that are being discussedB.classes that you study at schoolC.people that are being testedD.runners that the artists paint10.What can we infer from
24、the passage?A.Running can help us lose heat.B.Running in cold weather is beneficial to our body.C.The heat cant damage our body.D.The body does not have to work to pump blood.11.What is the writers main purpose in writing this passage?A.To introduce a research on running by Brewer.B.To explain why r
25、unning in winter is difficult for people.C.To encourage people to run outside during winter months.D.To advertise the new websites on running he created.DLife is full of surprises and you never know how things will turn out.Sir John Gurdon is a good example of this. As a boy, he was told he was hope
26、less in science and finished bottom of his class. However, aged 79, the very same Gurdon shared the 2012 Nobel Prize in Medicine with Japanese stem cell（干细胞） researcher Shinya Yamanaka.Like so many scientists, Gurdon shows us where the power of curiosity and perseverance（坚持不懈） can lead.At the age of
27、 15 in 1948, Gurdon ranked last out of the 250 boys at his high school in biology and every other science subject. Gurdons high school science teacher even said that his dream of becoming a scientist was quite ridiculous.In spite of his teachers criticism, Gurdon followed his curiosity and kept work
28、ing hard. He went to the lab earlier and left later than anyone else. 6He experienced thousands of failures. “My own belief is that we will, in the end, understand everything about how cells actually work,” Gurdon said.In 1962, Gurdon took a cell from an adult frog and moved its genetic（基因的） informa
29、tion into an egg cell. The egg cell then grew into a clone（克隆） of the adult frog. This technique later helped to create the sheep Dolly in 1996, the first cloned mammal（哺乳动物） in the world.In 2006, Gurdons work was developed by Yamanaka to show that a sample（样本） of a persons skin can be used to creat
30、e stem cells. Using this technique, doctors can repair a patients heart after a heart attack.“Luck favors the prepared mind,” Gurdon told the Nobel Prize Organization. “Ninety percent of the time things dont work, but when they do, you have to seize （抓住） the chance.”12.Who won the 2012 Nobel Prize i
31、n Medicine?A.Sir John Gurdon.B.Shinya Yamanaka.C.Sir John Gurdon and Shinya Yamanaka.D.Gurdons science teacher.13.What does the underlined word “ridiculous” mean in Chinese?A.无知的 B.无畏的C.荒废的 D.荒谬的14.According to the passage, which statement is true?A.As a boy, Gurdon was told he was hopeful.B.Gurdon
32、ranked first at his high school in biology.C.Its impossible for the doctors to repair a patients heart after a heart attack.D.In spite of his teachers criticism, Gurdon kept working hard.15.Whats the main idea of the passage?A.Ninety percent of the time things dont work.B.Luck favors the prepared mi
33、nd.7C.Life is full of pleasure.D.How cells actually work.参考答案A 1-3 BBCB 4-7 DBCBC 8-11 DCBCD 主旨大意 本文是一篇记叙文,主要讲述了科学家 Gurdon刻苦钻研,克隆出青蛙,最终获得诺贝尔医学奖的故事。12.C 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Gurdon shared the 2012 Nobel Prize in Medicine with Japanese stem cell(干细胞) researcher Shinya Yamanaka.”可知,Sir John Gurdon和 Shinya Yam
34、anaka获得了 2012年诺贝尔医学奖。13.D 词义猜测题。根据第四段中的“Gurdon ranked last out of the 250 boys”可以判断,这与成为一个科学家的梦想差距太大。ridiculous 意为“荒谬的,可笑的” 。14.D 细节理解题。根据第五段第一句“In spite of his teachers criticism, Gurdon followed his curiosity and kept working hard.”可知,尽管老师批评他,Gurdon仍然继续努力。 15.B 主旨大意题。文章通过 Gurdon的故事说明了幸运总是青睐有准备的头脑。8
