1、1通知、请假条、邀请函掌握书面表达应用文的写作技巧如何写通知、请假条和邀请函。重点：清楚考查目标，注重语言的实际运用。难点：注意这些应用文体裁的格式。很多学生无法把握这些体裁的写作角度和要求，很多时候语言很好，但是没有遵守这些体裁的写作要领，故所得分数不高。一、通知通知表示为：Notice，在具体写通知时常省略。（一）通知的格式：1. 开头：称呼语，即通知的对象，Boys and girls, Fellow students 等。2. 正文是通知的具体内容。要写清楚时间、地点、活动内容、注意事项等。同时可补充一到两点相关内容。正文一般采用文章式，有时为了醒目，也可采用广告式。广告式要力求简明扼
2、要，一个句子可分几行。每行第一个字母一般要大写。3. 结尾：即通知的习惯结束语。常用：Thank you. Thank you for your attention.等等。（二）通知的时态：通知一般指将要做的事情，时态应该用一般将来时。（湖北武汉）假如你是李明。本周五早上你班同学将去格林农场参加实践活动。请你用英语草拟一则通知。内容要点如下：1. 摘蔬菜，给植物浇水；2. 7 点校门口集合，乘车前往；3. 体验农场生活，活动约 2 个小时；4. 相互关照，注意安全；5. 补充一至两点有关事项。注意：1. 词数：6080；2. 不要逐条翻译，内容要连贯；3. 通知的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数
3、。参考词汇：experience v. 体验 pick v. 摘 activity n. 活动2Fellow students,Our class are going to Green Farm this Friday morning. _ _ _ Thank you for your attention.One possible version:Fellow students,Our class are going to Green Farm this Friday morning. Would you like to experience farm life? We can pick up
4、 vegetables and water the plants. Well stay there for about 2 hours. I bet the meaningful activity will make the trip unforgettable. Well meet at 7 a. m. at the school gate and take a bus there. Remember always be with your classmates, help each other and never do anything that may hurt you. By the
5、way, youd better wear your sports shoes. Have a good time.Thank you for your attention.二、请假条（一）请假条的格式如下：1. 假条的标题为：Asking for leave。2. 称呼，Dear，向谁请假 Dear 后就加谁。3. 假条正文先提出请假，继而写明原因以及请假多长时间并写好结束语。4. 签名。（二）请假条正文写作点拨：在假条开始处，应该开门见山但是有礼貌地提出请假。范例如下：Im sorry that I cant go to school tomorrow. 在假条的下面部分，应该简单明了地陈
6、述请假的原因事由，要叙述清楚明白。范例如下：This morning I had a toothache. I went to the dentist. He told me to pull it out. So I want to go there again. I will have a days leave tomorrow. 在假条的最后部分，表示感谢。 范例如下：Thanks. / Thank you!假如你叫张强，在昨天下午的篮球比赛中不小心伤了左臂，医生建议你在家休息两天，因此你要向班主任赵老师请假。请根据以上信息，写一则 40 词左右的请假条。_3One possible ve
7、rsion:Asking for leaveDear Miss Zhao,I am sorry to tell you that I cant go to school today. I hurt my left arm in the basketball match yesterday afternoon. The doctor told me to have a rest at home for two days, so I will / have to ask for two days / a two-day leave. I hope I will get well and retur
8、n to school soon.Thank you!Your student,Zhang Qiang三、邀请函（一）邀请函包括宴会、舞会、晚餐、婚礼等各种邀请信件，形式上大体分为两种：一种为正规格式，亦称为请柬；一种为非正式格式，即一般的邀请信，虽然一般邀请信在形式上不如请柬那样正规，但是要求叙事一定要清楚、明白，因此书写时应注意：1. 称呼：Dear。2. 写明参加某项活动具体、准确的地点和日期以及具体的时刻。3. 与该活动有关的注意事项。4. 期待对方接受邀请，并且表示感谢。5. 结束语。6. 签名。（二）必备句型1. 常用开头(1) Im writing to invite you t
9、o(2) Id like to invite you to(3) Would you like to come towith me? 2. 常用结尾(1) We hope that you can come and look forward to seeing you.(2) Im looking forward to seeing your reply.(3) I would be grateful if you could accept my invitation. 3. 常用过渡词表示列举和顺序的：firstly, secondly, thirdly, besides, then, et
10、c. 表示时间过渡的：now, suddenly, later, etc. 表示概括总结的：in a word, in all, etc.假如你是李梅，下周日你要在家举办一场舞会，你想邀请你的英国朋友妮可（Nicole）来参加这次舞会。请根据下面的提示给她写一封邀请函。提示：Date: Next Monday, December 1stTime: 6:00-9:00 p.m.Address: 16 Park Road4People: My friends要求：1. 语句通顺、符合逻辑；可适当发挥；2. 70 词左右。开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。Dear Nicole, Hope every
11、thing is fine with you. Id like to invite you to a dancing party. _Yours,Li MeiOne possible version: Dear Nicole, Hope everything is fine with you. Id like to invite you to a dancing party. I will have the party in my house next Monday, December 1st. It will be from 6:00 p.m. to 9:00 p.m My house is
12、 at 16 Park Road. Some of my friends will come to the party. They are all friendly and outgoing. For dinner, we will order some food from a Chinese restaurant. Im looking forward to meeting you then. Please reply in writing to this invitation by this Friday if you can come to the party. Yours, Li Me
13、i加拿大著名专家(expert) Jim Green 将于本周日来我校作演讲,演讲主题是“Saving Our Earth”，假如你是校学生会主席，请写则通知，告诉全校同学。时间：上午 9:00地点：学校礼堂要求：带好笔记本并做好笔记；保持会场安静，不要乱扔垃圾。_One possible version:Boys and girls,An expert called Jim Green from Canada will come to our school this Sunday. He will give a report on “Saving Our Earth”. The report
14、 will start in our school hall at 9:00 in the morning. Remember to bring your notebooks. Please keep quiet and dont throw rubbish about.Thats all. Thank you.5（答题时间：20 分钟）1假如你是 Lucy,你要邀请你的同学韩梅梅参加你的生日聚会，请你根据下面表格提示信息，完成这封邀请函。What Lucys birthday partyWhere Lucys house on Shanghai StreetWhen 2:30-5:00p.m
15、., SundayHow No.1 or No.2 busPhone number 123456要求：1. 条理清楚，语意连贯、通顺。2. 70 词左右。InvitationDear Meimei,_Yours,Lucy 2根据提示写一张假条（Asking for leave）提示：假如你是陈燕，得了重感冒，头痛、咳嗽、睡不好，看了医生，需要卧床休息两天。因此，你向班主任王老师请假。Asking for leave_3明天（星期五）全班同学将去参观科学博物馆(the Science Museum)，由你(班长)通知全体同学。内容如下：1. 早上 8 点钟在校门口集合，步行前往。2. 下星期一交
16、一份有关参观的报告。3. 参观时要认真听，仔细看并记下有趣的东西。4. 不可在博物馆内大声喧哗及拍照。5. 带笔和笔记本。要求：不要逐句翻译。 字数 6080。_61InvitationDear Meimei, Id like to invite you to my birthday party. I will have the party in my house. It is from 2:30 to 5:00pm on Sunday. My house is on Shanghai Street. You can take No. 1 or No. 2 bus to get to my h
17、ouse. My phone number is 123456. Im looking forward to meeting you then. Please reply in writing to this invitation by this Friday if you can come to the party. Yours,Lucy2 Asking for leaveDear Mr. Wang,Im sorry to tell you that Im not feeling well today. Ive caught a bad cold. Ive had a headache an
18、d a cough. I didnt sleep well last night. I went to see the doctor. The doctor told me to stay in bed for two days. So I cant go to school today and tomorrow. I hope Ill get well soon and go back to school the day after tomorrow. Thank you.Yours,Chen Yan3Fellow students，We are going to visit the Sci
19、ence Museum tomorrow. We will meet at the school gate at eight in the morning and we will go there on foot. Take your pens and notebooks with you. We should listen and watch carefully and write down something interesting when you visit the museum. Please dont make any noise in the museum and dont ta
20、ke any pictures. Youll have to hand in a report about the visit next Monday. Thank you.7如何鸿雁传书书信写作大全了解应用文书信的格式和写作技巧。重点：了解书信的写作格式和写作技巧。难点：如何布局谋篇；如何落实要点；如何衔接；如何用高级词汇和句型。一、书信写作格式：英文书信是我们日常生活中最常见的应用文体之一。英文书信，通常包括以下几个部分：1. 信头：包括写信人的地址和日期，通常放在信纸的右上角，顺序是先写地址，后写日期。地址按由小到大的顺序，门牌号码街名县、市名省名国名。日期可按照日、月、年或月、日、年的
21、顺序；（在通常的书信中常省略）2. 称呼：英文中称呼一般以 Dear 开头；3. 正文：它是书信的主体部分；4. 结束语：结束语位于正文之后，常用 Your friend, Love 或 Yours / Yours sincerely 等，注意结束语之后必须加逗号。结束语通常写在正文最后一行的下边；5. 签名：签名的位置位于结束语下面一行。二、书信写作技巧：（一）书信需要注意以下三个方面的内容：第一，首段回顾来信的内容，转述来信人的意图。（一般文中已给出）常用句型：Im writing to tell you that 我写信是为了告诉你You told me that 你告诉我I have
22、learned that 我得知第二，第二段将文中提示的要点（即来信人的意图）具体展开。（需要学生自己写）常用句型：（1）表达看法：From my point of view 以我的观点In my opinion 以我的观点As far as I know 据我所知（2）表达经历：Id like to share my experience with you. 我想和你分享我的经历。My experience is very similar to yours. 我有和你非常相似的经历。My experience may be helpful to you. 我的经历有可能会帮到你。I had
23、the same problem as you do. 我也有过和你一样的问题。I can understand you. I have the same experience as you. 我能理解你。我曾有过和你一样的经历。（3）表达建议：8I have the following suggestions that may be helpful to you. 我有以下建议或许能够帮到你。The following suggestions may be helpful to you. 以下一些建议有可能会帮到你。My suggestions are as follows. 以下是我的建议
24、。Here are some ideas for you. 以下是我给你的一些建议。第三，末段寒暄一番或提供联络方式。（一般文中已给出）The above are my understandings of the problem. If you have any further questions, please feel free to contact me.以上是我对这个问题的理解。如果你有任 何其他问题，请随时和我联系。（二）书信常用的连接词和句型1. Whats more, 另外，2. Above all, 首要的是，最重要的是3. In my opinion 以我的观点，4. On
25、one hand, on the other hand, 另一方面，5. Besides, 此外6. Whats worse, 更糟的是，7. Its important to do sth. 做是重要的8. Its a good idea to 做是个好主意9. Youd better do 你最好做10. not onlybut also 不仅而且11. Why not do.? 为什么不做？12. In fact 事实上13. After all 毕竟，究竟14. instead of （用）代替,（是）而不是15. sothat/ so that 太以至于/以致（三）给他人提建议的主要
26、句型和学习有关的建议：1. Above all, you should improve your study and encourage yourself to get good results in the exams by studying hard.2. I think its very important for you to learn lessons well.3. My advice is to make a plan for your study and work, ask your friends to work together with you, and tell you
27、r parents that you can manage things well. I wish you good luck.4. Then Id like to say the most important thing is that you must believe in yourself, cheer up and dont think about that exam any more.5. Its very important to listen to the teacher carefully in class. 6. And youd better relax or have a
28、 rest when you feel tired and sleepy.和父母朋友有关的建议：91. In my opinion, as good friends we should listen to their complaints and do our best to help them when they are in trouble.2. You should talk about it with your parents.3. I think you should try your best to talk with them about your problems. Dont
29、worry if they cant understand you.4. Youd better have a word with your parents and learn to accept others advice.5. I think you need to have an honest talk with him so that you can understand each other better.6. Besides, why not ask your teachers for help? Teachers always have some good suggestions
30、, dont they?总之，要写好这类作文，在平时的学习中就要做到积累各种句型，这样在考场上才能游刃有余。 （湖南怀化）新课程改革减轻了我们的学习负担，让我们有更多的时间参加各种课外活动。上星期，怀化市某中学初三（4）班的学生就“课外活动该干什么”进行了讨论。假如你是玲玲，请你根据下表提示，将同学们的建议用英语写一封信告诉你的笔友 David，并谈谈你自己想做什么及理由。Activities Reasonsclimb the mountains can keep healthyread books improve ourselvesSome students thinksurf the In
31、ternet open up our eyesgo traveling It is relaxingOthers thinkdo housework make parents happyI think 注意：1. 信中请勿使用真实校名和姓名；2. 内容应包含表格中的要点并可适当发挥；3. 词数 80 词左右；4. 文章的开头和结尾已给出，但不计入总词数。Dear David,Last week we held a discussion on what we should do after school. The students in our class have different sugg
32、estions.Some students think _Yours,Lingling One possible version:10Dear David,Last week we held a discussion on what we should do after school. The students in our class have different suggestions.Some students think we can climb the mountains, because it can help us keep healthy. We can also read s
33、ome books. Reading books can improve us a lot. Surfing the Internet is also a good activity. It can open up our eyes and make our life colorful. But others have other ideas. They think we may go traveling. Its relaxing to travel a lot. They also think we should do some housework. Doing housework can
34、 make our parents happy and relaxed. Then we can get along with our parents easily.I think whatever we do, if we can enjoy ourselves and do something useful, thats OK.There is really a lot for us to do. Whats your idea? Please write to me.Yours,Lingling 假设你叫刘京，是美国中学生托尼的笔友，你收到他的来信。请给托尼写一封回信，回答他的问题，向他
35、介绍北京良好的公交服务，并谈谈你的感受。Hi! Liu Jing,My grandpa is going to Beijing next month because he has heard a lot about the city and he would like to see it himself. He says the bus service in Beijing is very good now, and people can go anywhere by bus. Is he right? Can you tell me something more about it?Im lo
36、oking forward to hearing from you soon.Yours,TonyDear Tony,Im glad to know your grandpa is coming to Beijing. _If you have more questions, please ask me.Yours,Liu JingOne possible version:Dear Tony,Im glad to know your grandpa is coming to Beijing. Your grandpa is right. The bus service in Beijing i
37、s really good now. There are bus lines all over Beijing and buses can even take you to a small village. Besides, special seats are offered on buses. People do not have to spend a long time waiting for a bus and the tickets are cheap.I like taking a bus because I think its comfortable and also good f
38、or the 11environment. So its a good choice for your grandpa to travel in Beijing.If you have more questions, please ask me.Yours,Liu Jing（答题时间：20 分钟）1（南京）假如你是来自英国某中学的交换生 Daniel，你想参加英文报纸 Jinling Daily 广告中介绍的机器人培训班。ROBOT COURSERobot course for beginners at Starlight SchoolOrganized visits to Friendly
39、Robots CompanyE-mail: 请根据该广告内容，用英语写一封电子邮件，询问与该培训班相关的具体信息，邮件内容须包括：1. 培训班的起止时间以及周末是否上课；2. 参观机器人公司的具体安排；3. 你还想了解的该培训班的其他信息。注意：1. 文中不得出现你的真实姓名和学校名称；2. 语句通顺，意思连贯，条理清楚，书写规范；3. 词数 80 词左右。Dear Sir/Madam,Im writing to ask for information about the robot course for beginners at Starlight School._Yours faithf
40、ully,Daniel 2（四川绵阳）你的英国朋友 Steve 未经允许在他爸爸的电脑上玩游戏导致电脑中毒，Steve 心里很害怕，不敢向爸爸说，因此写信向你求助。请你以 Diana 的名义根据内容提示给 Steve 写一封回信。提示：1. 指出 Steve 的两点错误；2. 最好立即向爸爸说出实情；3. 建议 Steve 帮爸爸做些事，以弥补过错。要求：1. 词数 80 词左右；122. 短文中不得提及真实的人名和校名等信息；3. 开头与结尾已给出，不计入总词数。Dear Steve,Thanks for thinking of me at this time. I think you ha
41、ve made two mistakes. _Oh, and next time, play basketball with your Dad!Best wishes,Diana 1Dear Sir / Madam,Im writing to ask for information about the robot course for beginners at Starlight School.Firstly, Id like to know more about the course arrangement. For example, could you tell me how long t
42、he course will last? I prefer to know if there is any class for the weekend. Next, Im interested in the visits to Friendly Robots Company. Would you tell me whether I need to pay? Finally, I wonder whether Ill be able to design a robot myself at the end of the course.Thank you for your time and I lo
43、ok forward to hearing from you soon.Yours faithfully,Daniel 2Dear Steve,Thanks for thinking of me at this time. I think you have made two mistakes. One is that you shouldnt play computer games on your fathers computer without his permission. The other is that you are afraid to tell him the truth.I thi
