1、1河北安平中学实验部高一年级英语学科寒假作业2019 年 2 月 10 日 第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分 40 分）第一节 （共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、和 D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AIs It Bad to Cross Your Legs When You Sit?Crossing your legs is an extremely common habit; most people dont even notice that theyre doing it when they sit down.
2、While you may find it comfortable to sit with one knee crossed over the other, it might be causing health problems that you are not aware of.A study published in Blood Pressure Monitoring stated that sitting with your legs crossed can increase your blood pressure. The reason this happens is because
3、the blood in your legs has to work against gravity to be pumped back to your heart, crossing one leg over the other increases resistance, making it even harder for the blood to circulate. This causes your body to increase your blood pressure to push the blood back to the heart. You wont feel any imm
4、ediate effects, but if you sit for long periods of time its important that you take note of how long you have your legs crossed for. You shouldnt have your legs crossed for more than 15 minutes, and its important that you get up and walk around at least once every hour.Crossing your legs can also le
5、ad to neck and back pain. Ideally, its best for our bodies to sit with our feet planted flat, hip width apart, on the floor, but its not easy to maintain perfect posture all day at the office. When you sit with your legs crossed your hips are in a twisted position, which can cause one of your pelvic
6、 bones to rotate. Since your pelvic bone supports your neck and spine, this can cause pressure on your lower and middle back and neck. You also might notice that when you sit with your legs crossed for long 2periods of time your feet and legs get tingly or have the feeling of being asleep. This is b
7、ecause when one leg sits on top of the other it causes pressure on the veins and nerves in your legs and feet. It can cause numbness and/or temporary paralysis in the legs, ankles, or feet. While the feeling of discomfort may only last a minute or two, repeatedly crossing your legs until they feel n
8、umb can cause permanent nerve damage.So next time you sit down, try to get yourself in the habit of sitting with both of your feet on the floor. Not only will it help your posture and stability, but it will also save your health in the long run.21. According to para 2, we can infer that_A. its no bi
9、g deal to cross our legs for less than 15 minutes.B. we will feel uncomfortable at the moment we cross the legs.C. we should take a walk every hour after sitting still.D. crossing legs while sitting makes it harder to circulate our blood. 22. How many health problems can be caused by crossing legs a
10、ccording to the text?A. 2 B3 C.4 D. 523. Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage?A. B C. D. BColumbus Day has been on American calendars since 1937，when President Franklin D Roosevelt declared October 12 a federal holiday to honor the Italian explorer who“discovered”the Americ
11、as in 1492However，the holiday has always been controversialMany people believe that Christopher Columbus should not be given credit for“discovering”the continent，since native Americans had already been living there for generations3Besides，the explorer，s mission was not a scientific“voyage of discove
12、ry” ，but one intended to conquer the new landCritics maintain that the Spanish army Columbus brought on his second voyage，caused the deaths of hundreds of thousands of indigenous(土著的)peopleThose that survived the massacre became slaves，working in mines Many，therefore，believe that the explorers arriv
13、al should not be celebratedIn 1977，a delegation of Native nations at the International Conference on Discrimination Against Indigenous Populations in the Americas，proposed renaming the holiday to“Indigenous Peoples Day”The proposal passed with a majorityHowever，convincing the rest of the country to
14、do the same was not that easyIt took 15 years before the city of Berkeley in California adopted the name in 1992 and then 22 more years before Minneapolis，MN and Seattle，WA did the same in 2014The following year，eight more cities including Albuquerque，NM and Portland，OR，began celebrating the second
15、Monday of October as“Indigenous Peoples Day”. The movement really started to gain momentum in 2016 when 19 cities，including Boulder，CO and Phoenix，AZ，as well as the states of Minnesota and Vermont，a11 decided to rename the day to honor Native AmericansIn 2017，21 more cities，including Austin，TX and L
16、os Angeles，CA have made the shihWith the increasingly larger number of cities moving away from Columbus Day each year，it will be interesting to see if“Indigenous Peoples Day”gets federal recognitionMeanwhile，it will continue to be the focal point of debates throughout the Americas24Which of the foll
17、owing is the best title of the passage?AIndigenous Peoples Day Has Got Federal Recognition after YearsWorkBColumbus Day Honoring the Italian Explorer Has Always Been ControversialCChristopher Columbus Should Not Be Given Credit for Discovering AmericasDMore Cities Have Replaced Columbus Day with Ind
18、igenous Peoples Day25Many people dont agree that_4AIndigenous discovered the continentBColumbus was a remarkable explorerCNative Americans were abused DColumbus Day is a public holiday26What can we infer from the second paragraph?AColumbus was well received by indigenous peopleBThe indigenous people
19、 hated the ColumbusarrivalCThe Spanish army rebelled against ColumbusruleDFew soldiers survived the attack by native Americans27Which of the following cities is the earliest to replace Columbus Day with Indigenous Peoples Day?APortland BPhoenix CSeattle DLos AngelesCRecently, Google announced that i
20、ts voice-activated program, Google Assistant, will be offering a new feature called “Tell Me Something Good.” Users can now give that command and receive an earful of positive news stories. Whats more, the New York Times has a page online called “Fixes,” which focuses on what people are doing to fig
21、ht social ills. As media researcher Karen McIntyre of Virginia Commonwealth University explains, these are all parts of a news movement called constructive journalism.Constructive journalism is different from “feel-good news,” like a fireman rescuing a cat. Instead, constructive journalism offers a
22、more complete but appealing version of the news, says McIntyre. In her opinion, besides focusing on solutions, constructive journalism includes reporting on the historical and social setting of specific news incidents, using reliable data to look at longer-term trends, and avoiding interview techniq
23、ues that create drama without increasing understanding. However, newspapers thrive on eyes on the page, and editors may be less interested in constructive journalism if they arent convinced that itll attract their readers. While McIntyre acknowledges those concerns, research has 5shown the opposite
24、to be true. For example, one study found participants who read an online story that focused on approaches to poverty spent more time on the page than those reading a similar story without focusing on solutions.There is much we dont know yet about how this kind of journalism affects behavior. The res
25、earch is relatively young, though at least one of McIntyres studies showed an interesting result: people who read inspiring news stories were more willing afterwards to sign up for generous actions related to the story, such as donating money to support a cause from the story. Therefore, she argues,
26、 theres a hunger for this type of news.28. Why are Google Assistant and Fixes mentioned in the first paragraph?A. To say how the news movement works.B. To stress the importance of positive news.C. To show what constructive journalism is.D. To lead in the topic of the whole text.29. Constructive jour
27、nalism encourages stories that_.A. inform people of big events. B. are solution-focused. C. focus on amazing you. D. are based on interesting facts.30. How should constructive journalism stories be written?A. In a serious way. B. In a humorous way. C. In a usual way. D. In an understandable way.31.
28、What may be the problem with constructive journalism?A. That it isnt appealing to readers. B. That it isnt easy to collect and edit.C. That it adds to some editors concerns. D. That it is unavailable to some readers.DCold weather during winter months may keep many people from leaving home and runnin
29、g in the open air.However, a new study shows that the drop in temperature is a good reason to run. In fact, researchers say, running in cold weather helps improve ones 6performance.Many people say running in the winter can be difficult. Two reasons are the low temperatures and bitter winds. Yet many
30、 runners might find it easier than running in hot weather.That could be because lower temperatures reduce stress on the body. When you run in cold weather, your heart rate and the bodys dehydration (脱水) levels are lower than in warmer conditions. The body needs less water on a cold day than in warm
31、weather.This information comes from sports scientists at St. Marys University in London. John Brewer is a professor of applied sport science at St. Marys.For this study, he and other researchers put a group of people into a room they called an “environmental chamber.” The researchers then recreated
32、summer and winter weather conditions in the room. The test subjects were asked to run 10,000 meters under both conditions. Brewer says he and his team recorded biological measurements of the runners.“Weve got a group of subjects into the environmental chamber, weve changed the conditions to replicat
33、e the summer or winter and weve got them to run a 10km under both of those conditions and taken various measurements on each runner while theyve been completing their 10km.”Brewer says every movement runners make produces heat. He explains that one way in which we lose heat is by sweating. The body
34、loses heat through droplets of sweat. He says the body also loses heat by transporting the blood to the surface of the skin.32.What can we know about running in winter?AIt increases pressure of the body. BIt improves the function of body.CIt makes your heart rate higher. DIt needs more water than in
35、 summer.33What can we know about the research according to the text?AResearchers interviewed the subjects BSubjects were asked to run in winter and summer.CSubjects built the “environmental chamber”.7DBiological measurements of the runners were recorded.34Which of the following can replace the under
36、lined word “replicate” in Paragraph 7?ACombine. BRemember. CCopy. DDecorate.35Whats the best title for the passage?AEnvironmental Chamber BThe Way of Losing HeatCRunning in Cold Weather Improves Performance DBiological Measurements of the Runners第 二 节 （ 共 5 小 题 ； 每 小 题 2 分 ， 满 分 10 分 ） 根 据 短 文 内 容 ，
37、 从 短 文 后 的 选 项 中 选 出 能 填 入 空 白 处 的 最 佳 选 项 。 选 项 中 有 两 项 为多 余 选 项 。Rich and FamousTwenty years ago the most common ambition of American children was to be a teacher, followed by working in banking and finance, and then medicine. But todays situation is quite different. 36 Instead they most commonly
38、say they want to be a sports star, a pop star, or an actorin other words, they hope to become a celebrity .According to experts, young people desire these jobs largely because of the wealth and the fame. 37 Lets take athletes and singers as an example. Their careers are short-lived. Many athletes be
39、st time only lasts a few years and singers can have a very limited career. The field that was once the focus of their lives becomes something they have little or no involvement in. As a result, theyll have a feeling of worthlessness and a lack of control. 38The truth is quite simple: they have been
40、so far removed from it for so long.In spite of these disadvantages, there is greater ambition than ever among young people to achieve that status. They are not satisfied just making a living-they want to be rich and famous. Globally, more and more TV shows provide talent competitions where winners c
41、an achieve their goals in just a few weeks or months.39They unrealistically believe that this lifestyle is easily obtained and leads to great satisfaction.8While many people argue that there is nothing wrong with having such ambitions, others feel that this trend will finally lead to dissatisfaction
42、 as more and more people are unable to reach their goals. 40 That means they ignore the simple fact that great effort is needed before success. As a result, many people wont realize their childhood dreams, which could have a negative effect on their happiness.AIn many ways this has been brought abou
43、t by the celebrity culture.BPeople no longer have a sense of satisfaction once their goals have been achieved.CBesides, it can be difficult for them to adapt back to a normal everyday life.D. The younger generation dont favor these professions any more.E. Unfortunately, they do not always have a pos
44、itive effect on peoples life.F. The reason is that they dont realize it takes talent and hard work to be rich and famous.G. This quick way of gaining wealth and fame creates a celebrity culture among people.第二部分 英语知识运用 (共两节，满分 45 分)第一节：完形填空(共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C 和 D )中
45、，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。After having a child，I found my regular exercise interruptedI was not only busy；I also lacked the motivationSolo gym sessions or some quick 41 following the DVD while the baby sleeps didnt 42 me at a11So I decided to sign up for a hiking 43 in Peru，hoping that it would get me 44 agai
46、nLooking over my travel arrangements before I leftI 45 phrases such as“3-hour hike 46 primitive forests”and“sliding with a rope down waterfalls”，and I started to feel a little 47 However，as we made our way through the forests and were 48 with amazing 9views of 49 waterfalls，this team of strangers 50
47、 me to go onBeing physically active with a group motivated me to reach the 51 or the valley belowrather than simply lying down on the forest floor and giving up， 52 I might have done if I were alone53 confirm my experience：Group exercise can really start a new attitude toward fitness “People get a b
48、etter 54 in a group than they do on their own， ”said Allison Kimmel，a group 55 instructorThats because other people 56 both support and competition “Humans are 57 animals and the shared experience of facing a challenge 58 is compelling(不可抗拒的)， ”sdzxslmsaid David Ezell，the CEO of fitness provider Darien WellnessWith the 59 of a group，Im slowly getting back into a 60 lifestyle41Asummary Baddition Cexercise D1ecture42Acontribute to Bappeal to Ccater to Dobject to43Atrip Bvoyage Caward Dspeech44Aacting Bflying Cstudying Dmoving45Aexamined Bscanne
