2019版高中化学第一章认识有机化合物第2节有机化合物的结构特点第1课时课堂达标验收新人教版选修5.doc

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1第一章 第二节 有机化合物的结构特点 第 1 课时1下列说法正确的是( A )A碳骨架为 的烃的结构简式为(CH 3)2C=CH2B有机物分子里一定既有非极性键也有极性键C有的烃分子中,一个碳原子形成 3 个共价键D乙烷的键线式为2(2017上海联考)下列结构式从成键情况看不合理的是( D )3下列烃的结构简式代表物质的种数是( B )A5 种 B3 种C4 种 D2 种4(2017河北衡水月考)有如下四种结构的烃,则下列判断正确的是( A )Aa 和 d 是同分异构体Bb 和 c 不是同系物Ca 和 d 都能发生加成反应D只有 b 和 c 能发生取代反应解析:A 项,a 和 d 是官能团异构,a 为烯烃,d 为环烷烃;B 项,b 和 c 都是烷烃,互为同系物;C 项,a 为烯烃,能发生加成反应,d 为环烷烃,不能发生加成反应;D 项,四种物质都能发生取代反应。烯烃等含有不饱和键的烃能发生加成反应,烷烃中的氢原子能2发生取代反应,烯烃中饱和碳上的氢原子也能发生取代反应。

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