1、Unit 4 Life on Mars,Grammar,宾语从句和简单句之间的转换,我们可以用介词把状语从句转换为简单句。,1. The photos remind me that I travelled to the UK five years ago.,The photos remind me of my trip to the UK five years ago.,2. Are you certain that Tom is satisfied with the plan?,Are you certain about Toms satisfaction with the plan?,常用
2、的一些动词和介词的搭配有： Remind somebody of. 使某人想起. Be sure/certain about 对确信,定语从句和简单句之间的转换,我们可以用介词把定语从句转换为简单句。,1. The girl who is in a hat is Lucy King.,The girl in a hat is Lucy King.,2. I prefer to stay in a hotel room which has a sea view.,I prefer to stay in a hotel room with a sea view.,状语从句和简单句之间的转换,1.
3、because 引导的原因状语从句用短语because of可转换成简单句。,He was late for school because it rained heavily.,He was late for school because of the heavy rain.,我们可以用介词短语把状语从句转换为简单句。,2. if not/no引导的条件状语从句可借助without短语转化为简单句。,Humans cannot survive if there is no food, water or oxygen. Humans cannot survive without food, wa
4、ter or oxygen.,3. 时间状语从句可借助介词短语转化为简单句。,I could swim when I was eight years old. I could swim at the age of eight.,He went home after he finished his work. He went home after finishing his work.,4. so that引导的目的状语从句可用“in order to”或“so as to”转换为简单句。,He decided to buy a camera online so that she could r
5、eceive it soon.,She decided to buy a camera online in order to/ so as to receive it soon.,5. sothat引导的结果状语从句的可用“enough to do” 结构变成简单句。,This hall is so large that it can hold 2000 people.,This hall is large enough to hold 2000 people.,活学活用,What do many people think of the life by the year 2100?,They
6、believe _ by the year 2100.,(that) we will live on the planet Mars,Who will do most of the work on Mars?,People think _ most of our work. And they are sure _ time for their hobbies.,(that) robots will do,(that) they will have,Usage 1,Object clauses introduced by that,People think (that) robots will
7、do most of our work. Many people believe (that) we will live on the planet Mars by the year 2100. Many people are sure (that) they will have more time for their hobbies.,From the sentences, we know (that) an object clause can be put after some _, such as think, believe, know, or after some _, such a
8、s sure, certain.,verbs,adjectives,Many people believe (that) we will live on the planet Mars by the year 2100.(改为否定句),Which one is better?,Many people dont believe (that) we will live on the planet Mars by the year 2100.,Many people believe (that) we will not live on the planet Mars by the year 2100
9、.,We always put not before think and believe.,Try to find out whether it is an object clause or not.,These plants will produce food and oxygen that we need to live on Mars. Scientists will develop plants that can grow on Mars. People think that humans on Mars have to wear special boots to make thems
10、elves heavier. We all know that Mars is a planet in the solar system. The journey to Mars could take only a very short time in space shuttles that travel at half the speed of light. Some scientists do not believe that the journey to Mars will be very comfortable.,o,o,o,N,N,N,Can any plants grow on M
11、ars now?,We dont know/are wondering/are not sure _ _ on Mars.,if/whether any plants can grow,Many people are sure that some plants can produce enough water on mars, arent they?,No, nobody is sure _ _ on Mars or not.,whether any plants can produce enough water,Usage 2,We dont know/are wondering if/wh
12、ether any plants can grow on Mars. Nobody is sure whether any plants can produce enough water on Mars or not.,From the two sentences, we know that we can use _ or _ to introduce an object clause when it expresses a yes/no question.,if,whether,When we see the word or, we can only use whether.,Can any
13、 plants grow on Mars now?,v,S,We dont know/are wondering if/whether any plants can grow on Mars.,S,v,We use the same word order as in a statement.,Correct the sentence;,Is living on Mars safe? After reading the book, Tom was wondering if is living on Mars safe?,living on Mars was,Help Daniel know mo
14、re about life on Mars,1. Will transport on Mars be much better than on Earth? Are you certain _? 2. Is gravity a problem for the early travelers on Mars? Can you tell me _ _? 3. Does it take very long to travel from Earth to Mars? Do you know _ _?,if/whether transport on Mars will be much better tha
15、n on Earth,if/whether gravity is a problem for the early travelers on Mars,if/whether it takes very long to travel from Earth to Mars,4. Are many people going to move to Mars? Can you tell me _ _? 5. Did the USA send a space robot onto Mars last year? Do you know _ _?,if/whether many people are goin
16、g to move to Mars,if/whether the USA sent a space robot onto Mars last year,Help Daniel finish his diary about what he has found about living on Mars with that, if or whether.,Do you believe _ man will be able to live on the planet Mars in the future? Scientists are working hard to make this dream c
17、ome true. However, they are still not sure _ we could grow plants on Mars. Also, many scientists think _ gravity is a problem for the first settlers. They all agree _ the journey to Mars will not be comfortable. Therefore, I am wondering _ there will be many people willing to move to Mars or not.,th
18、at,if/whether,that,that,whether,Exercises,改写句子：1.Neil Armstrong received his student pilots licence when he was 16.Neil Armstrong received his student pilots licence _.,2. People might float in space because the gravity is low.People might float in space _ the low gravity. 3. Humans cannot survive i
19、f there is no food, water or oxygen.Humans cannot survive _ food, water or oxygen.,at the age of 16,because of,without,Rewrite the sentences using the words in brackets.,2. Yuri Gagarin became the first man to go into outer space at the age of 27. (when),Nei Armstrong took his first flight at the ag
20、e of six.,1. Neil Armstrong took his first flight when he was only six.(at the age of),Yuri Gagarin became the first man to go into outer space when he was 27.,4. If there is no fresh food, meals will not be as tasty as they are today. (without),3. People might move to another planet in the future b
21、ecause the population on the Earth is increasing rapidly. (because of),People might move to another planet in the future because of the rapidly increasing population on the Earth.,Without fresh food, meals will not be as tasty as they are today.,Rewrite the sentences into simple sentences.,1. Are yo
22、u certain that Tom is satisfied with the plan?,2. I dont know which one I can buy.,I dont know which one to buy.,Are you certain about Toms satisfaction with the plan?,3. I heard she was singing in English.,I heard her singing in English.,Rewrite the sentences into simple sentences.,4. The photos re
23、mind me that I travelled to the UK five years ago.,5. Do you understand what I said?,Do you understand my words?,The photos remind me of my trip to the UK five years ago.,Rewrite the sentences into simple sentences.,1. Do you know the girl who is holding two books in her hand?,2. The man who wears a
24、 blue shirt is our English teacher.,The man in a blue shirt is our English teacher.,Do you know the girl with two books in her hand?,3. We saw the glasses that were on the table fall off onto the floor.,We saw the glasses on the table fall off onto the floor.,Homework: Translate the following sentences.,1. Miss Wang told me _(地球绕着太阳转). 2. Li Feng said _ (他去过上海三次了). 3. I want to know _.（他是否跟我们一起去公园） 4. I hear _. （一小时后他会回来） 5. Mary asked _. (我是否完成我的作业了) 6. Lily said _ (她在看杂志) when I called her. 7. I believe _ (Tom正忙着在网上搜信息呢). 8. The twins said _（他们将参加运动会）the next week.,
