1、12019 中考英语完形填空优题（5）和答案【能力选练】 A涂鸦艺术Walking down the street, you notice the plain(简单的) and boring walls on either side. As you 1._ walking, the wall begins to look more colorful, and feels more alive. A black line of paint curves(弯曲而行) on the wall, 2._ turning into a colorful smiling catthe line was t
2、he tail. This is a good example of graffiti(涂鸦) art.Graffiti art is drawings and writing that have been painted onto walls, usually in 3._ spaces. Because its simple to do, graffiti has been around for centuries, with drawings being found on 4._ buildings.But modern graffiti was born out of the 1980
3、s hiphop culture, mainly in New York. With its growth throughout the years, it has now 5._ popular culture. Graffiti can be seen in galleries(画廊) around the world, next to other 6._. Modern graffiti has young roots, so it attracts young artists and fans.However, there are laws 7._ graffiti in most c
4、ountries. You must get the permission(批准) from the owner of the wall 8._ painting on it. If not, you may face a big fine(罚款). Instead, some cities have graffiti walls or zones, 9._ people can express their artistic vision freely.Berlin, Germany, is 10._ to a lot of graffiti. Its often called the gra
5、ffiti capital of the world. Writings and drawings decorate the old city walls like an outdoor art gallery.1. A. stop B. go C. continue D. start2. A. hardly B. hopefully C. firstly D. suddenly3. A. private B. public C. open D. big4. A. modern B. fashionable C. broken D. ancient5. A. entered B. rooted
6、 C. came D. considered6. A. walls B. artworks C. artists D. fans7. A. with B. from C. on D. as28. A. after B. when C. before D. until9. A. where B. what C. which D. when10. A. prize B. home C. shape D. path【参考答案】【主旨大意】本文为一篇说明文。主要介绍了涂鸦艺术。涂鸦在很多公共墙上可以看到。它有很多年的历史了，并且柏林是涂鸦的发源地。1. C 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意为：当你_走，
7、墙开始看起来更色彩鲜艳了stop 停止；go 去；continue 继续；start 开始。结合句意可知此处指“当你继续走” 。故选 C。2. D 【解析】考查副词词义辨析。句意为：_变成一只色彩鲜艳的微笑的猫hardly 几乎不；hopefully 有希望地；firstly 首先；suddenly 突然。结合句意可知此处指突然。故选 D。3. B 【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意为：通常是在_地方。private 私人的；public 公众的；open 开放的；big 大的。根据常识可知涂鸦常在公共场合出现。故选B。4. D 【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意为：随着绘画在_墙上发现。mode
8、rn 现代的；fashionable 流行的；broken 坏的；ancient 古代的。根据前面的“graffiti has been around for centuries.”可知此处指“古代的墙” 。故选 D。5. A 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意为：随着这几年的发展，它现在_了流行文化。entered 进入；rooted 固定；came 来；considered 考虑。结合语境及选项可知此处指“涂鸦艺术已经进入了流行文化的行列” 。故选 A。6. B 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意为：在世界各地，靠近其他_的画廊上能看到涂鸦。walls 墙；artworks 艺术品；artists
9、 艺术家；fans 迷。结合常识及语境可知画廊里面应该还会有其他的艺术品。故选 B。7. C 【解析】考查介词词义辨析。句意为：然而，在大多数国家有些法律_涂鸦。with 和一起；from 来自；on 在上；as 作为。根据后面“.If not, you may face a big fine(罚款) ”可知法律是关于涂鸦的。故选 C。8. C 【解析】考查连词词义辨析。句意为：在墙上绘画_，你应该得到墙的主人的批准。after 在以后；when 当时候；before 在之前；until 直到为止。根据上句“.there are laws 7._ graffiti in most countr
10、ies.”可知这里是指3“涂鸦之前要经过主人的同意” 。故选 C。9. A 【解析】考查定语从句的关系词。句意为：相反，一些城市有涂鸦墙的地区，_人们可以自由地表达艺术视野。分析句子结构，此处指在那些地方在句中作地点状语，应用 where。故选 A。10. B 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意为：德国的柏林是大量涂鸦的_。prize 奖；home 家；shape 形状；path 路。结合语境可知此处指“柏林是涂鸦的发源地” 。be (the) home to sth.是的家(故乡)。故选 B。【能力选练】 B阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的 A、B、C 或者 D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
11、When Columbus returned home with the news of his (1),he was considered as the hero who had given a new world to Spain.(2)had so great respect been shown to any (3)man.But there were some who were jealous of (嫉妒) the (4). “Who is this Columbus?” they asked, “and (5)has he done? Isnt he a poor pilot f
12、rom Italy? And could not any other seamen sail across the ocean just (6) he has done?”One day Columbus was at a (7) and several of these fellows were (8). They tried to make Columbus (9). “You have discovered strange lands (10) the sea,” they said. “But we dont see (11)there should be so buch said a
13、bout it. Anybody can sail across the ocean; and anybody can coast along the islands on the other side, just as you have done It is the (12)thing in the world.”Columbus made no (13):but after a while he took an egg from a dish and said to the people at the table “Who(14)you, gentlemen can make the eg
14、g stand (15)?”One by one they tried the (16).When the egg had gone entirely around and everyone had (17),all said that it could not be done. Then Columbus took the egg and (18)its small end gently upon the table so as to (19)the shell a little. After that there was no (20)in making it stand (21), “G
15、entlemen,” said he , “What is easier (22)to do this which you said was (23)?It is the simplest thing in the world.(24)can do itAFTER HE HAS BEEN SHOWN (25).”41.A.secret B. discovery C. story D. journey2.A.Where B. Never C. Nor D. Neither3.A.common B. great C. respectable D. noble4.A.inventor B. trav
16、eller C. discoverer D. bravery5.A.when B. what C. how D. whether6.A.because B. as C. like D. since7.A.palace B. hotel C. counter D. dinner8.A.present B. at present C. kind-hearted D. invited9.A.happy B. satisfied C. uncomfortable D. disappointed10.A.beside B. along C. in D. beyond11.A.why B. how C.
17、whether D. that 12.A.hardest B. wonderful C. simplest D. strange13.A.choice B. answer C. noise D. joke14.A.besides B. among C. including D. except15.A.by B. still C. weight D. on end 16.A.experiment B. egg C .method D. result17.A.succeeded B. failed C. experience D. chance18.A.beat B. felt C. touche
18、d D. struck19.A.protect B. crush C. break D. damage20.A.trouble B. time C. shell D. gravity21.A.downward B. upward C. easily D. upright 22.A.as to B. if C. than D. compared23.A.possible B. impossible C. difficult D. easy24.A.None B. Anybody C. Somebody D. Nobody25.A.HOW B.WHEN C.IT D.HIM【参考答案】1-5DBA
19、CB 6-10BDACD 11-15ACBBD 16-20ABDCA 21-25DCBBA【能力选练】 C5阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的 A、B、C 或者 D四个选项中选出最佳选项。There is very important thing in our life. However, I had never realized it until I received a beautiful gold watch from my father when I was 19 years old. This _1_ always tells me the importance of tim
20、e in my life.It was a cold rainy day. My father asked me to go to the _2_ to pick up my uncle and take him home. I should have arrived there _3_430 pm. We had a basketball match at school that afternoon _4_the match was too exciting. When the match was nearly over, I suddenly remembered my uncle and
21、 _5_ to the airport. It was too late. He had left the airport and taken a taxi to our house.I was very worried that my father would be _6_ with me. As soon as I entered the living room, I saw my uncle in the sofa looking very tired. I dared not _7_ my uncle and father. I said hello to them in a very
22、 low voice. My father didnt say _8_. Instead, he asked me to sit next to him. “Peter, did you have a good time today？” he _9_ very disappointed, but his voice was still calm. I felt so sorry and answered in an even _10_ voice. “Yes, Dad, but Im really sorry about not _11_ my uncle. This will _12_ ha
23、ppen again. I promise.” My father handed me a box with a beautiful gold watch inside. It was a gift my uncle bought for him. He gave it to _13_ and said, “I hope you have learned something important today, and this watch will help you remember the importance of time.”The watch has been with me for t
24、welve years. I wear it not because of its price, but because of _14_ I learned from it, it tells me to respect _15_ and never be late to do what I have promised to. (2010 温州)( )1. A. watch B. clock C. bell D. time( )2. A. hotel B. station C. bus stop D. airport( )3. A. before B. from C. after D. to(
25、 )4. A. though B. because C. and D. so( )5. A. moved B. turned C. hurried D. flew( )6. A. happy B. angry C. sorry D. lucky( )7. A. look up B. look for C. look at D. look after( )8. A. anything B. something C. nothing D. everything( )9. A. is B. was C. does D. did( )10. A. funnier B. louder C. happie
26、r D. lower( )11. A. waking up B. giving up C. picking up D. putting up 6( )12. A. always B. never C. often D. usually( )13. A. you B. him C. them D. me( )14. A. what B. that C. which D. who( )15. A. culture B. friendship C. time D. family语篇解读：本文讲述的是作者为了一场篮球赛而延误了去机场接叔叔的时间。作者很内疚，但爸爸并未责备他，还把叔叔送给他的手表转送给
27、了他。作者从此认识到了时间的重要性。1. A。 根据上文 a beautiful gold watch 提示可知。2. D。 根据下文 I suddenly remembered my uncle and.to the airport(我突然记起我叔叔，我飞奔去机场)可知。3. A。根据语境可知，我应该在 430 之前到那儿。故选 A。4. C。前文“那天下午我们学校有篮球比赛”与下文“这场比赛太令人激动了”之间没有因果或转折关系，故排除 A、B 和 D。5. C。根据语境可知，作者是匆匆去接叔叔。6. B。根据语境可知，作者因为误了时间而没接到叔叔，担心爸爸会生气。故选 B。7. C。由上文
28、可知作者怕爸爸生气而不敢看爸爸。8. A。语意“爸爸没说什么。 ”not.anythingnothing。故选 A。9. B。disappointed 意为“失望的”形容词，前应接 be 动词，根据语境此处应是过去式。故选 was。10. D。根据上文 a very low voice 提示。11. C。根据上文 go to the airport to pick up my uncle 的提示可知。12. B。根据上下文判断作者因为没接到叔叔而后悔，可知此处用否定词，表示“这种事以后绝不会再发生” 。故选 never。13. D。根据下文，爸爸说“.this watch will help
29、you remember the importance of time.(这手表将帮助你记住时间的重要性)”可知他把手表给了我。故选 me。14. A。根据句意“我戴着它，不是因为它的价格，而是因为我从它那里学到的东西。what 作介词 of 的宾语，意为“的东西” 。15. C。根据上下文，全文所讲述的是时间的重要性，故判断：我们应该珍惜时间。【能力选练】 DNine-year-old Louis Pasteur rushed into the little house. With his face white. “Mother!” he cried, “A mad dog has 31 m
30、y friend Henry, and now they are burning him with red-hot irons(烙铁). Its terrible!”7“Rabies(狂犬病), Louis. Burning the bites is the only 32 of stopping Henry from catching the disease.Henry did get rabies and died, in great 33 , some days later. Louis Pasteur never 34 . “One day,” he thought, “I must
31、do something to help people like Henry.”Sixteen years later Pasteur became a Doctor of 35 . And he began his work in thisspecial field. Pasteur achieved great success in his life. 36 the years of research he lost the use of his left arm and leg, yet he never lost heart. He worked on and on, as hard
32、as ever, 37 he had a strong will to find a way for curing rabies. After many dangerous experiments on mad dogs, he 38 found the answer. Just then a boy who had been badly bitten by a mad dog arrived at his lab. A few days later Pasteurs treatment, the boy got 39 . He did not catch rabies. The discov
33、ery gave new hope to people in many countries. People sent money to help 40 the Pasteur Institute in Paris. Today it is one of the worlds most famous centers for the research. 31. A. knocked B. pulled C. kicked D. bitten32. A. result B. hope C. truth D. value33. A. pain B. trouble C. sadness D. dang
34、er34. A. forgot B. refused C. continued D. remembered35. A. French B. Law C. History D. Science36. A. From B. Before C. During D. Until37. A. when B. though C. if D. as38. A. hardly B. finally C. even D. again 39. A. easier B. harder C. better D. worse40. A. build B. close C. buy D. repair【主旨大意】短文叙述
35、的是著名的法国生化学家路易斯巴斯德发明应对狂犬病的方法的经历。由儿时的伙伴被疯狗咬伤死去激发了巴斯德下决心遏制狂犬病谈起，叙述了巴斯德历经磨难最终成功实验出了应对狂犬病的方法，并在巴黎设立了巴斯德研究院，至今仍是全世界8最著名的研究中心之一。31. D 考查动词辨析。题干的主语“疯狗”和宾语“我的朋友”提示用动词 bite 表示“咬” ，和下文“用红红的烙铁烤灼”意义对应。32. B 考查名词辨析。题干“用烙铁炙烤伤口”和“阻止亨利得上狂犬病”的信息提示用hope 表示“希望” ，符合句意“用烙铁炙烤伤口是阻止亨利得上狂犬病的唯一的希望” 。33. A 考查名词辨析。上文“得上狂犬病死去”提示
36、用名词 pain，in great pain 表示“处于极度的痛苦之中” 。34. A 考查动词辨析。承接上文“他的朋友极度痛苦地死去”说明下文意义是“巴斯德永远也不会忘记” ，用 forget 表示“忘记” 。35. D 考查名词辨析。下文“做实验”等说明巴斯德成为科学博士。用 science 表示“科学” 。36. C 考查介词辨析。下文的“他的左胳膊和腿失去作用，然而他从不灰心” ，提示本部分意为“在多年的实验期间” ，用 during 表示“在期间” 。37.D 考查连词。题干前文“他继续一如既往地拼搏”和“他有一个强烈的愿望要找到应对狂犬病的方法”提示是因果关系，用 as 引导原因状语从句，表示“由于” 。38.B 考查副词辨析。题干前文“在疯狗身上做了很多危险的实验之后”提示下文用副词finally 表示“最后；终于” ，符合句意“他最终找到了答案” 。39.C 考查形容词比较级意义辨析。下文“他没有得狂犬病”提示用 better 表示“好多了” 。40.A 考查动词辨析。动词 build 表示“建造；成立” ，和 the Pasteur Institute 构成动宾短语，表示“建造了巴斯德研究院” 。9
