2020高考数学一轮复习课时作业21两角和与差的正弦、余弦和正切公式理.doc

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1、1课时作业 21 两角和与差的正弦、余弦和正切公式基础达标一、选择题1计算sin133cos197cos47cos73的结果为( )A. B.12 33C. D.22 32解析:sin133cos197cos47cos73sin47(cos17)cos47sin17sin(4717)sin30 .12答案:A22019唐山联考已知 是第三象限的角,且 tan 2,则 sin ( )( 4)A B.1010 1010C D.31010 31010解析:因为 是第三象限的角,tan 2,且Error!所以 cos 11 tan2, sin ,则 sin sin cos cos sin 55 255

2、 ( 4) 4 4 255 22 55 22,选择 C.31010答案:C32019河北三市联考若 2sin 3sin( ),则 tan 等于( )( 3)A B.33 32C. D2233 3解析:由已知得 sin cos 3sin ,3即 2sin cos ,所以 tan .故选 B.332答案:B242019福州市高三期末若 2sinxcos 1,则 cos2x( )( 2 x)A B89 79C. D79 725解析:因为 2sinxcos 1,所以 3sinx1,所以 sinx ,所以( 2 x) 13cos2x12sin 2x .故选 C.79答案:C52018全国卷已知角 的顶点

3、为坐标原点,始边与 x 轴的非负半轴重合,终边上有两点 A(1, a), B(2, b),且 cos 2 ,则| a b|( )23A. B.15 55C. D1255解析:由 cos2 ,得 cos2 sin 2 , ,即 23 23 cos2 sin2cos2 sin2 23 1 tan21 tan2,tan ,即 ,23 55 b a2 1 55| a b| .55故选 B.答案:B二、填空题6已知 cos ,则 cosxcos _.(x 6) 33 (x 3)解析:cosxcos cos x cosx sinx cosx sinx cos (x 3) 12 32 32 32 3 (x

4、6) 3 ( 33)1.答案:172018全国卷已知 tan ,则 tan _.( 54) 15解析:tan tan ,( 54) ( 4) tan 11 tan 153解得 tan .32答案:3282019洛阳统考已知 sin cos ,则 cos4 _.52解析:由 sin cos ,得 sin2 cos 2 2sin cos 1sin2 ,所52 54以 sin2 ,从而 cos4 12sin 22 12 2 .14 (14) 78答案:78三、简答题92019广东六校联考已知函数 f(x)sin , xR.(x12)(1)求 f 的值;( 4)(2)若 cos , ,求 f 的值45

5、 (0, 2) (2 3)解析:(1) f sin( 4) ( 4 12)sin .( 6) 12(2)f sin sin(2 3) (2 3 12) (2 4) (sin2 cos2 )22因为 cos , ,45 (0, 2)所以 sin ,35所以 sin2 2sin cos ,2425cos2 cos 2 sin 2 ,725所以 f (sin2 cos2 )(2 3) 22 .22 (2425 725) 17250410已知 ,tan ,求 tan2 和 sin 的值(0, 2) 12 ( 4)解析:tan ,12tan2 .2tan1 tan22121 14 43且 ,即 cos

6、2sin .sincos 12又 sin2 cos 2 1,5sin 2 1.而 ,(0, 2)sin ,cos .55 255sin sin cos cos sin( 4) 4 4 .55 22 255 22 1010能力挑战11已知 sin cos , ,sin , .355 (0, 4) ( 4) 35 ( 4, 2)(1)求 sin2 和 tan2 的值;(2)求 cos( 2 )的值解析:(1)由题意得(sin cos )2 ,95即 1sin2 ,sin2 .95 45又 2 ,cos2 ,(0, 2) 1 sin22 35tan2 .sin2cos2 43(2) , ,( 4, 2) 4 (0, 4)sin ,( 4) 35cos ,( 4) 455于是 sin2 2sin cos .( 4) ( 4) ( 4) 2425又 sin2 cos2 ,( 4)cos2 ,2425又 2 ,( 2, )sin2 ,725又 cos2 , ,1 cos22 45 (0, 4)cos ,sin .255 55cos( 2 )cos cos2 sin sin2 .255 ( 2425) 55 725 11525

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