七年级数学上册第一章有理数1.2有理数1.2.3相反数同步测试(新版)新人教版.doc

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1、11.2.3 相反数1.(2016遵义)-3 的相反数是( B )(A)-3 (B)3(C) (D)-2.一个数的相反数是- ,则这个数是( D )(A) (B)-(C)- (D)+3.如果 a=-a,那么表示数 a的点在数轴上的位置是( D )(A)原点左侧 (B)原点右侧(C)原点或原点右侧 (D)原点4.若一个数的相反数不是正数,则这个数一定是( B )(A)正数 (B)正数或 0(C)负数 (D)负数或 05.下列结论正确的有( A )任何数都不等于它的相反数;符号相反的数互为相反数;表示互为相反数的两个数的点到原点的距离相等;若有理数 a,b互为相反数,则它们一定异号.(A)1个 (

2、B)2个(C)3个 (D)4个6.-(-3)的相反数是 -3 . 7.若 a=-2017,则-a= 2 017 . 8.已知 a与 b互为相反数,b 与 c互为相反数,且 c=-6,则 a= -6 . 9.已知数轴上 A,B表示的数互为相反数,并且两点间的距离是 6,则点 A表示的数是 3 或-3 . 10.数轴上 A点表示-3,B,C 两点表示的数互为相反数,且点 B到点 A的距离是 2,则点 C表示的数应该是 5 或 1 . 11.化简下列各数:(1)+(-10.5);(2)-+(-2);(3)-(+5);(4)-(-2.3).解:(1)+(-10.5)=-10.5.2(2)-+(-2)=-(-2)=2.(3)-(+5)=-(-5)=5.(4)-(-2.3)=-(+2.3)=-2.3.12.如图,粗心的小明画数轴时忘记画原点,已知数轴的单位长度为 1,点 A,B表示的数互为相反数,求点 C,D表示的数.解:因为点 A,B表示的数互为相反数,所以点 A,B到原点的距离相等,因为点 A,B两点的距离是 4,所以点 A表示的数是-2,点 B表示的数是 2,所以点 C表示的数是-1,点 D表示的数是 4.

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