2018年中考化学真题分类汇编2我们身边的物质考点9氧气1性质和用途实验探究(无答案).doc

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1氧气(18 金华)30小君和小英同学发现:带火星的竹签在空气中不会复 燃,若用装有 60%水的集气瓶倒置在水槽中收集氧气,得到的气体能使带火星的竹签复燃,为了找到能使带火星竹签复燃的氧气含量最小值,他们进行了如下探究:【设计实验】小君设计了如图的装置,该装置的圆底烧瓶中放入 25 毫升水的目的是 。【实验研究】第一组实验:取 3 只集气瓶,编号为,分别装入 15%30%和 45%的水,盖上盖玻片倒置在水槽中。当气泡 放出后,导管口伸入集气瓶把其中的水全部排出,将相同的 3 支带火星竹签分别插入号瓶中,记录实验现象。获得第一组实验现象后,小君 又做了第二组实验,并记录实验现象,两组实验数据和现象见下表:2实验分组 第一组 第二组实验序号 集气瓶装水的体积分数/% 15 30 45 34 38 42带火星竹签状况 亮 很亮 复燃 很亮 复燃 复燃得出上述两组实验现象后,小英认为还不能确定能使带火星竹签复燃的氧气含量最小值,需继续进行实验。则实验序号的集气瓶装水的体积分数应该是 %。【实验结论】再经过数次实验并计算后得出:能使带火星竹签复燃的氧气含量最小值为48.7%。【继续探究】小君认为采用该方法收集的氧气中含有一定量的水蒸气,请你提出实验改进的措施 。

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