1、1Unit 2-3李仕才一、阅读理解Pollutions serious effects on the environment have become more obvious in recent years.Most scientists agree that efforts are necessary to protect our environment from further harm.As we know，the construction industry consumes a large quantity of energy and resources and creates a
2、huge amount of pollution.So green buildings are in great need.The environmental benefits of green buildings include the protection of ecosystems and biodiversity(生物多样性)，improved air and water quality，less waste flowing into streams and the protection of natural resources.Green buildings can also res
3、ult in lower operating costs because they typically use less energy and fewer materials and improve indoor air quality，improving the health of people who live there.The process of building green houses includes technical and artistic planning with nature protection in mind.Building designs often ref
4、lect the surrounding environment and natural resources and use renewable building materials such as bamboo and straw.In addition，recycled resources found locally are used for green buildings，reducing the cost and air pollution associated with transporting materials long distances.Careful site select
5、ion is important to minimize(使减少到最低限度)human effects on the surrounding environment.For example，placing a structure in an area that allows it to take advantage of cool breezes(微风)and sunlight can reduce energy use and expenses.More energy and expenses are needed for larger buildings as well，so it is
6、important to build the small ones.Green roofs are another feature of green houses that reduce energy use and costs.These roofs are partially or completely covered with plants，which helps to keep heating and cooling costs low，prevent water running off and deal with pollutants.Other features of green
7、buildings often include energy and water protection，recycling and waste reduction.In addition, renewable energy sources such as solar power，waterpower and wind power are used for heat and 2electricity，which greatly reduces costs and decreases the influence on the environment.1What can we know about
8、green buildings?AProducing no waste.BOnly using clean energy.CBeing made of new materials.DBeing environmentfriendly.2What is a green building probably like according to the fifth paragraph?ALarge. BSmall.CGreen. DLow.3What is the purpose of using green roofs?ATo fit the environment.BTo keep warm.CT
9、o collect nature water.DTo reduce costs.4What is the text mainly about?APromoting energy efficiency.BEnvironmental benefits.CGreen buildings.DEcosystems and biodiversity.【解题导语】本文主要介绍了绿色建筑的优势和特色。【难句分析】For example，placing a structure in an area that allows it to take advantage of cool breezes(微风)and s
10、unlight can reduce energy use and expenses.分析：本句是一个复合句。that 引导定语从句，在从句中作主语，修饰先行词 an area。译文：例如，把一个建筑物放在一个使它可以利用凉爽的微风和阳光的地方，这样可以减少能源使用和费用。1D 考查推理判断。根据对全文的整体理解特别是第三段的内容可推知，绿色建筑整体上是环保的，故选 D。A 项错在不产生垃圾，这是不科学，也是不现实的，尤其是在建筑业；B 项错在只使用清洁能源，文章中提到绿色建筑利用清洁能源，但没有说只用清洁能源；C 项错在绿色建筑是用新材料建造的，文章中只是提到了利用竹子等自然材料，故排除。2
11、B 考查细节理解。根据第五段最后一句“More energy and expenses are needed 3for larger buildings as well，so it is important to build the small ones”可推知，绿色建筑应该倾向于小型建筑，而非高楼大厦，故选 B。3D 考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段中的“Green roofs are another feature of green houses that reduce energy use and costs”可知，绿色屋顶可以降低能源使用和成本，故选 D。4C 考查主旨大意。根据文章的关键
12、词“green buildings”和对全文的整体理解可推知，本文主要讲的是绿色建筑，故选 C。A 项错在提高能源效率，这只是绿色建筑的一个好处；B 项错在环境受益，这也是绿色建筑的一个好处；D 项错在生态系统和生物多样性，这只是在文章中有所提及而已，并非文章主旨，故排除。二、单项填空1.About 1,000 singers competed _ each other _ six medals in the National Singing Competition.A. against, with B. with, on C. with, in D. against, for【答案】D2.N
13、o longer it is for any nation to _ itself from the rest of the world.A. separate B. prevent C. preserve D. differ【答案】A 【解析】separatefrom把分开；prevent.from阻止(做)某事；preservefrom.保护免受；differ.from.把与区分开来。句意：任何一个国家再也不能把自身与世界其他各国割裂开来。3.Poets, schools, publishers, booksellers and libraries will hold readings,
14、competitions, book displays, educational events and other activities _ National Poetry Month.A. in honour of B. in place of C. in spite of D. in terms of【答案】A 【解析】句意：诗人、学校、出版社、图书商和图书馆将举办阅读、竞赛、书展、教育项目及其他活动来纪念“全民诗歌月” 。in honour of 为了纪念，向表示敬意，符合语境。4.The _ of severe punishments plays a major role in the
15、 growing road 4safety problem. A. presence B. absence C. existence D. evidence【答案】B【解析】句意：缺乏严厉的处罚是道路安全问题频发的重要原因。名词 absence(没有，缺乏)与句意相符。5.He _ to escape from the prison, but he couldnt find anybody to help him.A. succeeded B. attempted C. advised D. managed【答案】B【解析】succeed 后不接不定式作宾语， “成功地做某事”应为 succe
16、ed in doing sth.= manage to do sth；advise doing sth.建议做某事；offer to do sth.主动帮助做某事；attempt to do sth.尽力去做，但不一定成功。句意：他企图从监狱逃跑，但是他没有能够找到任何可以帮助他的人。6.What we had done was to help him, but surprisingly he thought _. A. else B. anyway C. otherwise D. though【答案】C 【解析】else 其它的；anyway 不管如何；otherwise 另外，别样；tho
17、ugh 尽管。句意：我们所做的一切是想帮助他的，但令人吃惊的是他不那么认为。otherwise 意思为另外，别样，相当于 differently或 in another way。 7.I am going to do all I can to _ the unpleasant impression you have of me.A. solve B. form C. remove D. move【答案】C【解析】句意：我打算尽最大努力去除你对我不好的印象。remove 去除，符合句意。8.The incomes of skilled workers went up. _,unskilled w
18、orkers saw their earnings fall.A. Moreover B. Therefore C. Meanwhile D. Otherwise【答案】C【解析】句意：技术工人的工资收入上升了。与此同时，非技术工人的工资在下降。meanwhile 与此同时，符合句意。9.Each misfortune you come across will carry in it the seed of tomorrows good luck. So _ until you succeed.5A. carry on B. hang on C. keep on D. wait on【答案】B
19、10.As computers are more and more important nowadays, handwritten letters are gradually _ emails.A. taking the way of B. pushing a way throughC. showing way for D. making way for【答案】D 【解析】句意：如今电脑已变得越来越重要，手写信已逐渐被电子邮件所取代。make way for“给让路；让位于” ，符合句意。11.It seems to be a strong _ competition in China for
20、 senior high students to enter universities does exist in other countries as well.A. compromise B. competence C. comprehension D. competition【答案】D【解析】compromise 折中解决，妥协，退让；competence 能力；comprehension 理解，理解力；competition 竞争，比赛。句意：在中国，高中生考大学似乎存在很激烈的竞争，这一现象在其他国家同样存在。12.The Hong Kong government has threa
21、tened to take legal action against those advocating full _ from China. A. distribution B. contribution C. location D. separation【答案】D 【解析】distribution 分配，分发，分布；contribution 捐款，贡献，投稿；location位置，地点；separation 分离，隔离，分开。句意：香港政府警告称，将对主张香港从中国彻底独立出来的人采取法律行动。13.I feel honoured to be here to share with you m
22、y opinions on what to learn in senior high school.A. honour B. honouring C. honoured D. an honour【答案】 【解析】feel it an honour to do sth./feel honoured to do sth 感到做是荣幸6的事。句意：我感到很荣幸能在这里与大家分享我对高中生学习的看法。本句话还可以这样说：It is my honour to be here to share with you my opinions on what to learn in senior high sch
23、ool.14.Being straightforward, Im not the kind of person who likes to say something unfavorable about anyone in their _. A. absence B. performance C. favor D. appearance【答案】A15.Jason has been preparing carefully for his English examination so that he could be sure of passing it at his first_.A. purpo
24、se B. desire C. attempt D. intention【答案】C【解析】句意：杰森为他的英语考试做了精心的准备，他确信自己第一次即可通过考试。on his first attempt是指第一次尝试，是固定用法。purpose 目的；desire强烈的希望；intention 企图。三、完形填空When I was young, like you, I had a dream.But my dream wasnt like that of an 1 kid.It was to be the best tennis player 2 simply the best “female
25、” one in the world.3 ， I had a family encouraging me to follow my dream.I learned how important it is to 4 a dream and to dream big.My fight began when I was three and I havent taken a 5 since.But too often, most women are not supported or are 6 from choosing their path.I hope it could be changed.Fo
26、r me, it was a 7 of resilience(坚忍)What others marked as 8 about memy race, my genderI accepted as fuel for my success.I never let anything or anyone 9 me.I controlled my future.When it comes to equal pay, it frustrates me 10 I know firsthand that gender differences exist.I would 11 want my daughter
27、to be paid less than my 7son for the same work.Women have to 12 many barriers to success.One is that we are constantly 13 we are not men.People call me one of the “worlds greatest female athletes”Why dont they say LeBron is one of the worlds best male athletes? We should never let this go 14 We shou
28、ld be judged by our achievements but not 15 For everything I have achieved，I am 16 to have experienced the highs and lows that come 17 success.I hope my story will be a(n) 18 for women to fight for their dreams.We must 19 to dream big, and in doing so, we enable the next generation of women to be 20
29、 in their pursuit.【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。作者以自己的事为例呼吁全体女性勇敢追求成功，为争取性别平等而不懈努力。1A.ambitious BexcellentCaverage DenergeticC 解析：根据“It was to be the best tennis player”以及下文内容尤其是“People call me.Why dont they say LeBron is one of the worlds best male athletes？”可知，此处指作者说自己小时候的理想与普通孩子的是不同的，故选average“普通的，一般的” 。ambiti
30、ous“有野心的，有雄心的” ；excellent“优秀的” ；energetic“精力充沛的” 。2A.instead of Bregardless ofCother than Dmore thanA 解析：结合本文主旨以及下文中的“People call me one of the worlds greatest female athletesWhy dont they say LeBron is one of the worlds best male athletes？”可知，作者希望男女平等，所以作者在此强调的是自己的理想是做世界上最好的网球运动员，而不是最好的女网球运动员。inste
31、ad of “而不是” ；regardless of “不管，不顾” ；other than “除了” ；more than“多于，超出” 。3A.Hopefully BFortunatelyCObviously DGenerallyB 解析：幸运的是(Fortunately)，作者有鼓励她追寻自己梦想的家人。此处亦与下文中的“But too often, most women are not supported.”形成对比。hopefully “有希望地” ；obviously “明显地” ；generally “普遍地” 。84A.make up Bset upCcare for Dpus
32、h forD 解析：根据下文中的“My fight began when.” “fight for their dreams”可知，这里指作者知道了为梦想而努力是多么重要。push for “为而努力，力争” 。make up “编造，构成” ；set up “设立，建立” ；care for“照顾” 。5A.risk BleaveCbreak DchanceC 解析：作者从三岁时就开始为理想奋斗，自此从未间断。break“暂停，中断” ，符合语境。6A.defended BexcusedCdiscouraged DdismissedC 解析：但是通常，大多数女性不被支持，或者被阻止去选择自己
33、的道路。discourage“阻止，阻挠” ，符合语境。defend “保卫，保护” ；excuse “同意免除” ；dismiss “去除，摒除” 。7A.thought BquestionCmoment DbonusB 解析：作者希望这种境况可以改变，在作者看来，这是有关“坚忍”的问题(question)。thought “想法” ；moment “时刻” ；bonus “意外收获，奖金” 。8A.disadvantages BconcernsCqualifications DpersonalitiesA 解析：根据下文中的“my race, my gender” “I accepted
34、as fuel for my success” 可知，此处指被别人列为作者的劣势(disadvantages)的东西，比如她的种族，她的性别，作者将它们视为追求成功的动力。concern “担忧” ；qualification “资格” ；personality “个性” 。9A.ignore BattackCcomfort DlimitD 解析：根据下文中的 “I controlled my future.”可知，作者从不让任何事或任何人来限制自己，而是自己主宰自己的未来。limit “限制” ，符合语境。10A.although BbecauseCunless Dif9B 解析：当谈起同工
35、同酬问题时，作者感到懊恼，因为她自己亲身体验到性别差异的存在。分析句子结构可知，前后句之间是因果关系，且前面是果，后面是因。故用because。11A.ever BevenCnever DjustC 解析：根据语境可知，作者永远不希望看到干了同样的工作，女儿得到的报酬却比儿子的少。never “从不，绝不” 。12A.break down Btake afterClay aside Dput awayA 解析：为了获取成功，女性不得不打破许多障碍。break down “打破，消除” ，符合语境。take after “追赶，跟踪” ；lay aside “留存备用，把放在一边” ；put a
36、way “猛吃，积蓄，把收起来” 。13A.informed BremindedCassured DcriticizedB 解析：其中一个障碍就是总有人提醒我们不是男性。remind “提醒，使想起” ，符合语境。inform “通知，告知” ；assure “使确信” ；criticize “批判” 。14A.unchallenged BunpunishedCuncompleted DuncontrolledA 解析：根据语境可知，作者在此想表达的是女性不能对此置之不理，而要敢于质疑。unchallenged “不被怀疑的，完全接受的，没有异议的” ，符合语境。unpunished “未受惩
37、罚的” ；uncompleted “未完成的” ；uncontrolled “未受控制的，不加约束的” 。15A.appearance BpositionCbackground DgenderD 解析：对我们的评价应该依据我们的成就而不是我们的性别。gender “性别” ，符合语境。appearance “外貌” ；position “职位” ；background “出身背景，学历” 。16A.superior BgratefulCindifferent DpreferableB 解析：作者从心底里感谢经历过的伴随成功而来的起起伏伏。grateful “感激的，表示感谢的” ，符合语境。s
38、uperior “更好的，占优势的” ；indifferent “不感兴趣的，漠不关心的” ；preferable “更可取的，更合适的” 。1017A.with BthroughCfrom DbeyondA 解析：参见上题解析。with “和，随着” ，符合语境。18A.intention BinspirationCsolution DexpectationB 解析：作者希望她的故事可以激励女性为她们的梦想而奋斗。inspiration “鼓舞人心的人(或事物)，使人产生动机的人(或事物)” ，符合语境。intention “意图” ；solution “解决方法” ；expectation
39、 “期待” 。19A.pause BagreeCpromise DcontinueD 解析：女性必须继续心怀远大的理想，这样做的话，我们就给予下一代女性力量，给予她们追求成功的勇气。下文中的 “the next generation”是暗示。continue “继续”，符合语境。20A.expert BenthusiasticCbrave DlearnedC 解析：参见上题解析。expert “内行的，经验丰富的” ；enthusiastic “热情的” ；brave “勇敢的” ；learned “有学问的，博学的” 。四、短文改错。Today we had the honor of bei
40、ng inviting Mr. Hudson，a foreign professor in Beijing University，to give us an English lesson.All of us deeply impressed by this unforgettable English lesson.The professor began the class with an amusing English story，which attracted our attentions at once.He spoke slowly but clearly so that we coul
41、d follow him well.Greatly inspired，most of us take an active part in classroom activities.After class，many students interviewed spoke high of him.They said never before had they experienced so interesting the class.From their lesson，we came to a conclusion why it is not so difficult to learn English
42、 if we find a good way.答案：Today we had the honor of inviting Mr. Hudson，a foreign professor beingBeijing University，to give us an English lesson.All of us deeply infrom were impressed by this unforgettable English lesson.The professor began the class with an amusing English story，which attracted our
43、 at once.He spoke attentionsattentionslowly clearly so that we could follow him well.Greatly inspired，most of butand11us an active part in classroom activities.After class，many students taketookinterviewed spoke of him.They said never before had they experienced so highhighlyinteresting class.From lesson，we came to a conclusion it is not thea theirhis whythatso difficult to learn English if we find a good way.
