1、1Unit 2 Cloning李仕才一、阅读理解。Sometimes, you just cant help it. Maybe youre watching a sad movie, or thinking about the friend who moved away. Next thing you know, theres a lump in your throat, your eyes are watering, and you have tears running down your cheeks.A professor of psychology at Tilburg Univer
2、sity, in the Netherlands,has studied crying.According to Vingerhoets, therere three types of tears. Basal tears are the first type. They act as a protective barrier between the eye and the rest of the world.Next are reflex tears. They wash your eyes clean when something gets in them. Finally, therer
3、e emotional tears. “These are released in response to emotional states,” explains Vingerhoets.Scientists believe crying has something to do with how humans developed and learned to depend on each other. “Humans are very complex social creatures,” says Lauren Bylsma, a professor from Pittsburgh Unive
4、rsity, in Pennsylvania. “It seems that tears can make them get help and support from others.”She says another reason why we weep is that humans have the longest developmental period of almost any animal. It takes a long time to grow up.Vingerhoets agrees. “I think that the reason why humans shed(流出)
5、emotional tears has to do with our prolonged(延长的) childhood,” he says. “Thats the time when were still dependent on adults for love,protection and care. The major advantage of tears is that you can target them at a specific person.”Vingerhoets says this ability could have come in handy in prehistori
6、c times, when humans were living among dangerous animals. Loud crying could attract predators(捕食者). Tears were a safer way to get attention. “In this case, its better to use a silent signal to ask for help,” he says. Vingerhoets and Bylsma do frequent studies to better understand why humans cry.21.T
7、he tears mentioned in Paragraph 1 should belong to _.A.basal tearsB.reflex tearsC.happy tearsD.emotional tears2.What is Vingerhoets attitude to the effects of tears?A.Passive.B.Positive.C.Doubtful.D.Indifferent.3.The underlined phrase of “a silent signal” probably refers to _.A.a written languageB.p
8、redatorsC.tearsD.loud crying4.What is the best title of the text?A.Types of TearsB.Precious TearsC.Secrets of TearsD.On Tears参考答案： 1.D; 2.B; 3.C; 4.C解析： 1.推理判断题。根据第二段 Finally, therere emotional tears. “These are released in response to emotional states,” explains Vingerhoets.可推断出,第一段提到的泪水属于 emotiona
9、l tears。2.态度判断题。根据倒数第二段可知其实文中这两位科学都认为泪水有好处,即积极看待眼泪。3.词义猜测题。根据文中划线前 Tears were a safer way to get attention.的叙述可知,在这种情况下(在史前时期人类大声哭泣会引来危险的动物),最好用这种“无声的信号”来寻求帮助。因此这种无声的信号就是前面所指的“眼泪”。4.标题归纳题。文章从科学研究的角度对眼泪的种类、哭的原因等做了科学的分析,揭示了眼泪不为人知的秘密。故该项用作文章的标题最佳。3二、单句语法填空1His efforts to raise money for his program wer
10、e _ vain because no one showed any intention to take a cent out of their pockets.答案：in2The new clothes in that shop are so beautiful that Anna cannot resist_ (take) a close look at them, although she cannot afford them at present.答案：taking3The students are forbidden, unless they have special passes,
11、 _ (stay) out after 11 pm.答案：to stay4This is only an _ (assume) that they wont spend too much on the decoration of the house.答案：assumption5Liu Lei insisted that he merely did what everybody would have done and strongly objected to_ (call) a hero.答案：being called6Not having prepared well, you are boun
12、d _ (suffer) great losses in the commercial trade.答案：to suffer7The project _ (undertake) by the young engineer on his own turned out to be very successful.答案：undertaken8Why bother _ (go) abroad to study, when there are so many good universities at home?答案：going/to go9I wasnt blaming anyone; I _ (mer
13、e) said errors like this could be avoided.答案：merely10(2018四川自贡一诊)Greatly _ (strike) by the beauty of the language, I thought how even today Shakespeares writing remains powerful and true.答案：struck三、完形填空。4My parents owned a 500-acre farm in Montana when I was young. Life there was filled not just wit
14、h fun and games but 1 as well. The lambing season was especially hard. Montanas freezing spring weather kept my parents watching 2 mamas at all hours of the day and night 3 a newborn lamb. It was during this time of new life that my favorite childhood memory took place. One exceptionally 4 day, my m
15、other spied a sheep trying to 5 her baby lamb and needed our 6 . My mother calmly held the sheeps head and 7 me to get hold of the lambs protruding(伸出的) legs. I 8 and must have had a look of panic on my face. The little things were 9 not something I wanted to touch. But I 10 my courage and wrapped m
16、y fingers 11 them. I can still remember the 12 of the unexpectedly delicate legs. My heart beat in fear and excitement 13 I pulled with all my strength. The lamb was delivered! I was no 14 to seeing farm animals being born, but to have a 15 in it was something I will cherish forever. Im sure everyon
17、e got very 16 hearing me tell and retell my heroic story. Looking back, Im so glad that I didnt 17 to get my hands dirty. If I had, the miraculous moment and the precious memory would have been 18 . I try to instill(逐渐灌输) that life 19 into my children. Sometimes you need to get your hands a little d
18、irty to experience something 20 and pure. 【文章大意】本文作者主要回顾了小时候在农场帮母亲给羊接生的故事及感想。1. A. pleasure B. danger C. dilemma D. hardship【解析】选 D。根据下文的“The lambing season was especially hard”可推知, 农场的生活既充满乐趣也有艰辛。pleasure 乐趣; danger 危险; dilemma 进退两难的境地; hardship艰难。故选 D。2. A. pregnant B. workingC. desperate D. sleep
19、ing【解析】选 A。 结合下文的“a newborn lamb”可推知, 应选 A项, 意为“怀孕的”。3. A. at the risk of B. in case ofC. free from D. in exchange for5【解析】选 B。根据语境可推知, 作者的父母当时日夜看护着怀孕的母羊以防有新羊羔诞生。at the risk of 冒风险; in case of 以防; free from 免受; in exchange for交换。故选 B。4. A. warm B. cold C. mild D. hot【解析】选 B。与上文的“Montanas freezing sp
20、ring weather”呼应可知, 此处表示“非常冷的(cold)一天”。5. A. cure B. deliver C. hurt D. comfort【解析】选 B。由上文中父母看护怀孕的母羊可知此处应为“生产”。后文 The lamb was delivered呼应此句。6. A. notice B. supportC. help D. operation【解析】选 C。根据语境可知, 妈妈在照看即将生产的羊, 并需要我们的帮助(help)。7. A. begged B. invitedC. forbade D. instructed【解析】选 D。根据语境可推知, 当时母亲在指导作者
21、如何帮助羊生产。beg 乞求; invite邀请; forbid 禁止; instruct 指导。故选 D。8. A. wondered B. resistedC. suspected D. hesitated【解析】选 D。结合语境“and must have had a look of panic on my face”可推知, 作者当时有些惊慌失措, 所以犹豫了。wonder 惊奇; resist 抵制; suspect 怀疑; hesitate犹豫。故选 D。9. A. surely B. hardlyC. only D. hopefully【解析】选 A。根据下文的转折可推知, 年幼
22、的作者当时肯定(surely)是不想去触碰正在出生的小羊的。故选 A。10. A. lost B. gatheredC. searched D. lacked【解析】选 B。根据上文的“The little things were _not something I wanted to touch”不敢触碰, 然后转折可知此处表示作者鼓起勇气。gather courage 在此表示鼓起勇气, 符合语境。 611. A. beyond B. throughC. around D. in【解析】选 C。根据“wrapped”可知, 作者当时手握着新生羊羔的腿。wrap sth. around sth
23、. 为固定用法。12. A. feel B. point C. sight D. thought【解析】选 A。根据下文的“delicate legs”可推知, 此处表示的是触感(feel), 与上文的“touch”呼应。13. A. because B. asC. if D. unless【解析】选 B。此处表示当作者用尽力气帮助母羊接生时, 作者感到既害怕又兴奋。as 意为“当时候”, 引导时间状语从句。14. A. stranger B. beginnerC. newcomer D. speaker【解析】选 A。此处表示看农场上的动物出生对作者来说并不陌生。stranger 陌生人;
24、beginner 初学者; newcomer 新来的人; speaker 演讲者。故选 A。15. A. memory B. handC. look D. difference【解析】选 B。但是亲自参与接生这件事作者将会永远珍视。have a hand in sth. 意为“参与某事”。16. A. proud of B. excited aboutC. tired of D. sorry for【解析】选 C。根据“tell and retell”可推知, 作者反复地讲自己的英雄事迹, 自然会让人觉得厌烦。此处为作者用诙谐的口吻叙事。proud of 对自豪; excited about
25、对激动; tired of 对厌烦; sorry for 对抱歉。故选 C。17. A. refuse B. promiseC. choose D. pause【解析】选 A。根据上文可知, 作者当时没有拒绝帮羊接生, 这让作者感到高兴。refuse 拒绝。18. A. kept B. lost7C. ignored D. forgotten【解析】选 B。由上文的“my favorite childhood memory”和“but to have a _in it was something I will cherish forever”可知, 如果作者没有给羊接生, 那么作者就得不到这些
26、珍贵的记忆, 也就是失去(lost)。 19. A. quality B. skillC. lesson D. standard【解析】选 C。很明显, 作者想给孩子们灌输这一人生经验(lesson)。20. A. upset B. funnyC. thrilling D. amazing【解析】选 D。由上文的“the miraculous moment and the precious memory”并结合空后的“and pure”可推知, 作者认为有时人们需要“把手变脏”来经历一些“精彩和纯净的事”。upset 心烦的; funny 有趣的; thrilling 刺激的; amazing
27、 令人惊奇的。故选D。四、单句改错1A disadvantage of copying others homework is what you cannot master what you have learned._ 答案：第一个 whatthat2Is it true that Mike refused an offer from Yale University yesterday?Yeah, but I have no idea that he did it; thats one of his favourite universities._ 答案：第二个 thatwhy3It sudd
28、enly struck to me that we ought to make a new plan._ 答案：去掉第一个 to或 struckoccurred4(2018湖南三校联考)You can go swimming in condition that you dont go too far from the river bank._ 答案：inon5This morning my grandpa wrote his doctor a letter saying that he owes to her that he is still alive._ 答案：在 owes后加 it五、单
29、元语法同位语从句1(2018武汉武昌区调研)Last term，I couldnt accept the truth _ I 8failed in my math examination.答案：that2(2018天津十二区县联考)There is a strong possibility _ man will mainly depend on solar energy in the future.答案：that3(2018江西九江模拟)There is a popular view _ in city strangers are less likely to help an elderly person.答案：that4The question _ we should continue to do the experiment has not been answered yet.答案：whether5I have no idea _ the cellphone isnt working, so could you fix it for me?答案：why
