1、1专题 2 七选五阅读真题题组A(2018北京)Why Do We Get Angry？Anger seems simple when we are feeling it，but the causes of anger are various. Knowing these causes can make us examine our behavior，and correct bad habits. The main reasons we get angry are triggering(触发)events，personality traits(特征)，and our assessment of
2、 situations. _1. F_Triggering events for anger are so many that to describe them all would take hundreds of pages. However，here are some examples：being cut off in traffic，a deadline approaching，experiencing physical pain，and much more. _2. G_ The reason why someone is triggered by something and othe
3、rs are not is often due to ones personal history and psychological traits. Each person，no matter who they are，has psychological imbalances. People who have personality traits that connect with competitiveness and low upset tolerance are much more likely to get angry. _3. E_ Also，sometimes preanger d
4、oes not have to do with a lasting condition，but rather a temporary state before a triggering event has occurred. _4. A_ Sometimes even routine occurrences become sources of preanger，or anger itself. Sometimes ignorance and negative (消极的) outlooks on situations can create anger. _5. D_ However，anger
5、can easily turn violent，and it is best to know the reasons for anger to appear in order to prevent its presence. With these main reasons in mind，we can evaluate our level of anger throughout the day and prevent cases of outbursts by comprehending the reasons for our feelings. AOur attitude and viewp
6、oint on situations can create anger within us as well. BBut some types of situations can help us to get rid of the occurrence of anger. CAnger is rarely looked upon as a beneficial character trait，and is usually advised to reduce it. 2DAnger is a particularly strong feeling and maybe people think th
7、at they have reasons to feel angry. EHaving these personality traits implies the preanger state，where anger is in the background of your mind. FUnderstanding these reasons will control our own anger if we are willing to evaluate ourselves with a critical eye. GNot everyone acts the same in response
8、to events，and that is why what triggers one person may or may not trigger another. 文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。文章说明了人生气的几种原因。人们通过了解生气的原因，可以控制好自己的情绪而不去生气，由此减少生气对自己造成的危害。 解析：解本题可用词汇锁定法。 由空前的 the main reasons 锁定选项 F 中的these reasons。结合上下文内容可知，作者提到了一些引发生气的原因，理解这些原因有助于我们控制生气。 解析：解本题可用词汇锁定法以及关联逻辑法。由空后的 someone is trigge
9、red. . . others are not. . . 可知，相同的事情并不会引发每个人都生气，这与选项 G 中的 not everyone acts the same in response to events 以及 triggers 相吻合。 解析：解本题可用词汇锁定法。由空前的 personality traits 以及空后的preanger 锁定选项 E 中的 personality traits implies the preanger state。由此可知选 E 项。 解析：解本题可用词汇锁定法。由空后的 situations，create 锁定选项 A 中的 on situat
10、ions can create anger within us，即对于某些情况的态度和看法是生气的原因。 解析：解本题可用关联逻辑法。由空后表转折的副词 however 以及 anger can easily turn violent 可知，因为生气容易转变为暴力，所以作者不赞同生气，即使有理由生气。选项 D 中提到“人们认为有理由去生气” ，显然它可以放在空格中构成前后文意思的转折。故选 D。B(2018浙江)Moving into a new home in a new neighborhood is an exciting experience. Of course，you want t
11、o make sure that you become an accepted and valuable part of your new neighborhood. The easiest way to accomplish this is to make sure you conduct yourself as a good neighbor should. _1. G_Perhaps one of the most important things you can do as a good neighbor is to keep your property(房产) neat，clean，
12、and in good repair. _2. F_ By choosing to keep the outside of the home in great shape，you will help to improve the 3look and feel of the area. Second，take the overall appearance of the neighborhood seriously. When going for a walk，take along a small garbage bag. _3. E_ This small act will let your n
13、eighbors know that you care about the area. _4. B_ If a neighbor is going to be out of town，offer to collect mail and newspapers. If a neighbor suffers an illness，offer to do the grocery shopping. Let them know that you are there to help in any way that is acceptable，while still respecting the priva
14、cy of your neighbor. _5. C_ By following the basic rules of respecting others，taking care of what belongs to you，and taking pride in the appearance of the neighborhood in general，you will quickly become a good neighbor that everyone appreciates. AIn general，keep an eye on their property while they a
15、re gone. BA good neighbor is also one who likes to help out in small ways. CBeing a good neighbor is more or less about considerate behavior. DSometimes neighbors may go to the supermarket together to do shopping. EShould you come across waste paper thrown out of a passing car，pick it up. FPeople te
16、nd to take pride in keeping everything in their street fresh and inviting. GHere are a few tips to help you win over everyone in the neighborhood quickly. 文章大意：本文是一篇说明文，介绍了几个帮你迅速赢得新邻居欣赏的小技巧。本文为“总分”结构，从四个方面说明了如何做个好邻居。 解析：解本题可用关联逻辑法。通读全文可知，本文是“总分”结构。由第二段中的“. . . one of the most important things you ca
17、n do as a good neighbor is to keep. . . ”以及第三段的 second 可知，本题选 G，也就是本文的主题句。 解析：解本题可用词汇锁定法。该空格前面的 neat，clean，in good repair 以及空格后面的 in great shape 都与 F 项的 fresh and inviting 相吻合。 解析：解本题可用关联逻辑法。空格前提到，散步时随身带个小垃圾袋；空格后提到，这个小小的举动会让你的邻居知道你关心这个区域。因此此处要填 E 项“如果你碰到从路过的车里扔出的废纸，把它捡起来” 。 解析：解本题可用词汇锁定法。由本段中的 you a
18、re there to help in any way可知，选 B 项“一个好邻居也是一个在小的方面乐于助人的人” 。 解析：解本题可用关联逻辑法。空后的 respecting others，taking care 4of，taking pride in 都是替别人着想的表现，故 C 项符合语境。C(2017全国)If anyone had told me three years ago that I would be spending most of my weekends camping，I would have laughed heartily. Campers，in my eyes，w
19、ere people who enjoyed insect bites，illcooked meals，and uncomfortable sleeping bags. They had nothing in common with me. _1. D_The friends who introduced me to camping thought that it meant to be a pioneer. _2. C_ We slept in a tent，cooked over an open fire，and walked a long distance to take the sho
20、wer and use the bathroom. This brief visit with Mother Nature cost me two days off from work， recovering from a bad case of sunburn and the doctors bill for my sons food poisoning. I was，nevertheless，talked into going on another funfilled holiday in the wilderness. _3. A_ Instead，we had a popup camp
21、er with comfortable beds and an air conditioner. My natureloving friends had remembered to bring all the necessities of life. _4. F_ We have done a lot of it since. Recently，we bought a twentyeightfoot travel trailer complete with a bathroom and a builtin TV set. There is a separate bedroom，a modern
22、 kitchen with a refrigerator. The trailer even has matching carpet and curtains. _5. E_ It must be true that sooner or later，everyone finds his or her way back to nature. I recommend that you find your way in style. AThis time there was no tent. BThings are going to be improved. CThe trip they took
23、me on was a rough one. DI was to learn a lot about camping since then，however. EI must say that I have certainly come to enjoy camping. FAfter the trip，my family became quite interested in camping. GThere was no shade as the trees were no more than 3 feet tall. 文章大意：本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者对野营活动由抵触到喜欢的转变过程。 解
24、析：考查上下文的连贯。上文说，作者一开始对野营产生过抵触情绪。但是，从下文可知，作者后来喜欢上了野营活动。本空表示意义的转折，承上启下，为下文做铺垫。故选 D。 解析：考查前后句的连贯。根据下文可知，这次野营活动从住宿、饮食到洗澡都5很艰苦。故选 C，对下文内容进行概括。 解析：考查前后句的连贯。前句说，作者被说服参加另一次野营活动，后句说，这次野营活动有舒服的床和空调。故选 A，起承上启下的作用。 解析：考查上下文的连贯。本段讲述作者一家开始野营，并采购很多野营的装备。由此可知，自上次活动以来作者一家对野营活动非常感兴趣。故本空选 F。 解析：考查总结概括的能力。上文讲述了作者对野营活动由抵
25、触到感兴趣的转变过程，由此可见，作者已经完全喜欢上了野营活动。故本空选 E。D(2017全国)Interruptions are one of the worst things to deal with while youre trying to get work done. _1. B_，there are several ways to handle things. Lets take a look at them now. _2. A_. Tell the person youre sorry and explain that you have a million things to d
26、o and then ask if the two of you can talk at a different time. When people try to interrupt you，have set hours planned and let them know to come back during that time or that youll find them then. _3. E_. It can help to eliminate(消除) future interruptions. When you need to someone，dont do it in your
27、own office. _4. D_，its much easier to excuse yourself to get back to your work than if you try to get someone out of your space even after explaining how busy you are If you have a door to your office，make good use of it. _5. G_. If someone knocks and its not an important matter. Excuse yourself and
28、 let the person know youre busy so they can get the hint(暗示 ) than when the door is closed，youre not to be disturbed. AIf youre busy，dont feel bad about saying noBWhen you want to avoid interruptions at work CSet boundaries for yourself as your time goesDIf youre in the other persons office or in a
29、public areaEIts important that you let them know when youll be availableFIt might seem unkind to cut people shirt when they interrupt youGLeave it open when youre available to talk and close it when youre not文章大意：本文是一篇说明文，介绍了避免工作时被打断的几种方法。 解析：考查承启句。根据上文的“Interruptions are one of the worst things 6to
30、 deal with”以及下文的“there are several ways to handle things”可知，工作时被打断是要处理的最糟糕的事情之一，有几个处理事情的办法。空处承上启下，应选 B 项。 解析：考查主题句。根据下文的“Tell the person youre sorry. . . ask if the two of you can talk at a different time”可知，本段讲述的是当你忙的时候，要拒绝别人打断你。故 A 项符合文意。 解析：考查承启句。根据上文的“let them know to come back during that time
31、or that youll find them then”及下文的“It can help to”可知，此处指让他们知道你什么时候有空是很重要的。故选 E 项。 解析：考查承启句。根据上文的 “dont do it in your own office”以及下文的“excuse yourself to get back to your work”可知，你如果不在自己的办公室里，就更容易给自己找到借口返回来工作。故选 D 项。 解析：考查承启句。根据本段的首句“If you have a door to your of fice，make good use of it”以及下文的“when th
32、e door is closed”可知，G 项符合文意。E(2017北京)Every animal sleeps，but the reason for this has remained foggy. When lab rats are not allowed to sleep，they die within a month. _1. C_One idea is that sleep helps us strengthen new memories. _2. E_ We know that，while awake，fresh memories are recorded by reinforci
33、ng (加强) connections between brain cells，but the memory processes that take place while we sleep have been unclear. Support is growing for a theory that sleep evolved so that connections between neurons(神经元) in the brain can be weakened overnight，making room for fresh memories to form the next day. _
34、3. F_Now we have the most direct evidence yet that he is right. _4. G_ The synapses in the mice taken at the end of a period of sleep were 18 per cent smaller than those taken before sleep，showing that the connections between neurons weaken while sleeping. If Tononis theory is right，it would explain
35、 why，when we miss a nights，we find it harder the next day to concentrate and learn new informationour brains may have smaller room for new experiences. Their research also suggests how we may build lasting memories over time even though the synapses become thinner. The team discovered that some syna
36、pses 7seem to be protected and stayed the same size. _5. B_ “You keep what matters， ” Tononi says. AWe should also try to sleep well the night before. BIts as if the brain is preserving its most important memories. CSimilarly，when people go for a few days without sleeping，they get sick. DThe process
37、es take place to stop our brains becoming loaded with memories. EThats why students do better in tests if they get a chance to sleep after learning. F “Sleep is the price we pay for learning， ” says Giulio Tononi，who developed the idea. GTononis team measured the size of these connections，or synapse
38、s，in the brains of 12 mice. 文章大意：这是一篇说明文。文中主要探讨了充足的睡眠帮助人们巩固新记忆，为第二天的全新记忆腾出空间。 解析：考查前后句的连贯。所有的动物都睡觉，但其原因仍然是谜。当实验室的老鼠不被允许睡觉时，它们一个月内就死了。同样，人类如果连续几天不睡觉，就会生病。所以 C 项正确。 解析：考查前后句的连贯。第二段首句指出一个观点，即睡眠帮助人们巩固新的记忆。而 E 项则支持该观点，其中 That 指代的就是睡眠帮助巩固新的记忆这一观点。所以E 项正确。 解析：考查前后句的连贯。空前讲，睡眠会为第二天的新记忆腾出空间，且由第四段第一句中的人称代词 he
39、可知，F 项正确。 解析：考查前后句的连贯。空前讲，有最直接的证据证明 Tononi 的观点是对的，而空后的内容介绍了实验结果，故可推知空处应是介绍了 Tononi 做的相关实验，故 G 项正确。 解析：考查前后句的连贯。根据空前的关键词 protected，stayed 以及空后的keep，matters 可知，B 项正确。F(2017浙江)How to Do ManontheStreet InterviewsThe manonthestreet interview is an interview in which a reporter hits the streets with a cam
40、eraman to interview people on the sport. _1. D_ But with these tips，your first manonthestreet interview experience can be easy. 8When your boss or professor sends you out to do manonthestreet interviews for a story， think about the topic and develop a list of about ten general questions relating to
41、it. For example，if your topic is about environmental problems in America，you might ask， “Why do you think environmental protection is important in America？” _2. G_Hit the streets with confidence. _3. B_ Say， “Excuse me，I work for XYZ News，and I was wondering if you could share your opinion about thi
42、s topic. ” This is a quick way to get people to warm up to you. Move on to the next person if someone tells you she is not interested in talking on camera. Dont get discouraged. _4. A_ Each interview that you get on the street shouldnt be longer than ten minutes. As soon as you get the answer you ne
43、ed，move on to the next person. Make sure that as you go from interview to interview，you are getting a variety of answers. If everyone is giving you the same answer，you wont be able to use it. A safe number of interviews to conduct is about six to ten. _5. F_ If your news station or school requires i
44、nterviewees to sign release forms to appear on the air，dont leave work without them. ALimit your time. BAs you approach people，be polite. CIf you dont own a camera，you can buy one. DFor new reporters，this can seem like a challenging task. ETo get good and useful results，ask them the same question. F
45、That number of interviews should give you all the answers you need. GWith a question like this，you will get more than a “Yes” or “No” reply. 文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。街头采访对于新手记者来说可能是一大挑战，但只要按照作者在文章中提到的几个技巧来做，你也可以完美地完成任务。 解析：解本题可用句意判断法。由空格后的 but 以及 can be easy 可以反推，该空讲的应该是街头采访并非易事，选项 D“对于新手记者，这可能像是一项有挑战性的任务”符合语境
46、。本设空类型为过渡句类。 解析：解本题可用词汇锁定法。本段说去采访前要列出大约十个与采访话题相关的问题，并在空前给出例子“Why do you think. . . ？”选项 G 中 With a question like this 中的 question 指的就是这个问句。本设空类型为细节理解类。9 解析：解本题可用关联逻辑法。空格后的 excuse me 以及 I was wondering if you could. . . 都体现了采访者的礼貌。这与选项 B“当你接近人们时，要有礼貌”前后照应。本设空类型为过渡句类。 解析：解本题可用设题位置法。显然，该空要填本段的段落小标题。根据空
47、格后的“你在街上的每次采访都不应超过十分钟”可知进行街头采访时要控制好时间。选项 A 正合语境。本设空类型为段落主题句类。 解析：解本题可用词汇锁定法。选项 F“这一数量的采访应该能给你你所需要的全部答案”中的 that number of interviews 与空格前的 a safe number of interviews to conduct(采访的保险数量)前后照应。本设空类型为段落总结类。G(2017 年 11 月浙江)How to Remember What You ReadReading is important. But the next step is making sur
48、e that you remember what youve read！ _1. D_ You may have just read the text，but the ideas，concepts and images (形象)may fly right out of your head. Here are a few tricks for remembering what you read. _2. A_If the plot，characters，or word usage is confusing for you，you likely wont be able to remember w
49、hat you read. Its a bit like reading a foreign language. If you dont understand what youre reading，how would you remember it？ But there are a few things you can do. . . Use a dictionary； look up the difficult words. Are you connected？Does a character remind you of a friend？ Does the setting make you want to visit the place？ Does the book inspire you，and make you want to read mo
