七年级数学上册第五章代数式与函数的初步认识5.5《函数的初步认识》同步练习(新版)青岛版.doc

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七年级数学上册第五章代数式与函数的初步认识5.5《函数的初步认识》同步练习(新版)青岛版.doc_第1页
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1、15.5 函数的初步认识一选择题1.已知函数 y = 2x+1,当 x = a 时的函数值为 1,则 a 的值为( )A. 1 B.3 C.3 D.12.下列解析式中,不是函数关系式的是( )A. y= (x0) B. y= (x0) x xC. y= (x0) D. y= (x0)x x二.填空题3.生活用电为 0.53 元/度,某用户某月份所交电费 y 元与这个月用电量 x 度之间的关系式是_.通过查电表,知道小华家上个月用电 80 度,那么小华家应付电费为_元.4.周长为 12cm 的长方形的一条边长是 acm,则这个长方形的面积 Scm2与边长 acm 之间的函数关系式为 ,其中 是常

2、量, 是变量。5.张强带 3 元钱去购买单价为 0.6 元的铅笔,则剩余的钱 y(元)与买铅笔数 n(支)的关系式为 ,自变量的取值范围是 .6.函数 2yx 中自变量 x 的取值范围是 .7.函数 y 中自变量 x 的取值范围是 x-2x+28.函数 y = 中自变量 x 的取值范围是 .x 2 3 x9.已知等腰三角形的周长为 10cm,将底边长 y(cm)表示成腰长 x(cm)的函数关系式是 ,其自变量 x 的取值范围是 .三.解答题10.为加强公民的节水意识,我市制定了以下用水收费标准:每户每月用水未超过 7m3时,每立方米收费 1.0 元,并加收 0.2 元的城市污水处理费;超过 7

3、m3的部分每立方米收费 1.5元,并加收 0.4 元的城市污水处理费,设某户每月用水量为 x(m3),应交水费为 y(元).分别写出用水未超过 7m3和超过 7m3时,y 与 x 之间的函数关系式.参考答案一选择题1B 提示:把 x=a,y=1 代入解析中可得到一个关于 a 的分式方程,解出 a 值即可22C 提示:本题主要看给 x 一个值后,y 是否有唯一确定的值对应,答案 C 中给 x 一个值 y 有两个值对应,所以不是函数式二填空题3y=0.53x ; 42.4(把 x=80 代入即可 )4S=a 2+6a ; 6 ; s、a5y=30.6n; 0n5 且 n 为自然数(有 3 元钱最多能卖 5 支,又由于 n 表示铅笔的支数,所以只能取自然数)6x 2(只要保证被开方数大于零即可)7x2(既要保证被开方数大于零,还要保证分母不为零)82x 3(由题意可得不等式组 0x32,解得:2x 3)9y=102x ;2.5x5(要满足两边之和大于第三边,两边只差小于第三边)三解答题10解:y 与 x 之间的函数关系式为:当 0x7 时,y = 1.2x;当 x7 时,y =1.27(1.5+0.4)(x7),即 y =1.9x4.9

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