2018年高中数学第二章变化率与导数2.2.2导数的几何意义课件4北师大版选修2_2.ppt

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导数的几何意义,类比,平均变化率,函数y=f(x),瞬时变化率,导数,概念:一般地,函数f(x)在x=x0处的瞬时变化率称为导数.记作:,表示“当x= x0, 趋于0时, 趋于一个确定值,这个确定值就是 .”,例 求函数f(x)=x2在x=1处的导数.,解:因为,所以,步骤小结:,从数形结合的角度观察发现:,平均变化率 的形式有何特点?,斜率!,类比,平均变化率,函数y=f(x),瞬时变化率,几何意义,割线的斜率,?,P,Q,割线,切线,T,观察: 如图,当点Q沿着曲线趋近于点P时,割线PQ的变化趋势是什么?,P,Q,割线,切线,T,我们发现,当点Q沿着曲线无限接近点P时,割线PQ趋近于确定的位置,这个确定的位置PT称为曲线在点P处的切线.,类比,平均变化率,函数y=f(x),瞬时变化率,几何意义,割线的斜率,切线的斜率,导数的几何意义:,y=f(x)在 处的导数是曲线y=f(x)在 处的切线的斜率。,即:,例 求曲线f(x)=x2在点(1,1)处的切线方程.,解:因为,所以所求切线的斜率为,得切线方程为,即,

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