1、- 1 -汾阳二中 2018-2019 学年第一学期高一月考英语试题客观卷 （100 分）第一部分 阅读理解（两节 共 20 小题，每小题 3 分，满分 60 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A, B, C 和 D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 （共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分）AYou probably know who Marie Curie was, but you may not have heard of Rachel Carson. Of the outstanding ladies listed below, who do you think
2、 was the most important woman of the past 100 years?Jane Addams(18601935)Anyone who has ever been helped by a social worker has Jane Addams to thank. Addams helped the poor and worked for peace. She encouraged a sense of community(社区)by creating shelters and promoting education and services for peop
3、le in need. In 1931, Addams became the first American woman to win the Nobel Peace Prize.Rachel Carson(19071964)If it werent for Rachel Carson, the environmental movement might not exist today. Her popular 1962 book Silent Spring raised awareness of the dangers of pollution and the harmful effects o
4、f chemicals on humans and on the worlds lakes and oceans.Sandra Day OConnor(1930present)When Sandra Day OConnor finished third in her class at Stanford Law School, in 1952, she could not find work at a law firm because she was a woman. She became an Arizona state senator(参议员)and, in 1981, the first
5、woman to join the U.S. Supreme Court. OConnor gave the deciding vote in many important cases during her 24 years on the top court.Rosa Parks(19132005)On December 1,1955, in Montgomery, Alabama, Rosa Parks would not give up her seat on a bus to a white passenger. Her simple act landed Parks in prison
6、. But it also set off the Montgomery bus boycott. It lasted for more than a year, and kicked off the civil-rights movement. “The only tired I was, was tired of giving in,” said Parks.1. What is Jane Addams noted for in history?A. Her social work.B .Her teaching skills.C. Her efforts to win a prize.-
7、 2 -D. Her community background.2. What was the reason for OConnors being rejected by the law firm?A. Her lack of proper training in law.B. Her little work experience in court.C. The discrimination against women.D. The poor financial conditions.3. Who made a great contribution to the civil-rights mo
8、vement in the U.S.?A. Jane Addams. B. Rachel Carson.C. Sandra Day OConnor. D. Rosa Parks.4. What can we infer about the women mentioned in the text?A. They are highly educated. B. They are truly creative.C. They are pioneers（先锋，先驱）. D. They are peace-lovers.BAlthough his 1-year-old smart-phone still
9、 works perfectly, Li Jijia already feels the need to replace it.“There are many better ones available now. Its time to upgrade(更新）my phone.”Lis impatience is shared by many. Shortly after the season when new products are released（发布，发售） , many consumers feel the urge to upgrade their electronic equi
10、pment, even though the ones they have still work just fine.As consumers minds are occupied by Apples newly released products and debate whether the Google tablet is better than the new Amazon Kindle, it might be time to take a step back and ask: “Do we really need the latest upgrades?”According to D
11、onald Norman, an American author, “planned obsolescence (淘汰）” is the trick behind the upgrading culture of todays consumer electronics industry.Electronics producers strategically release new upgrades periodically, both for hardware and software, so that customers on every level feel the need to buy
12、 the newest version.“This is an old-time trick-theyre not inventing anything new,” Norman said. “This is a wasteful system through which companies-many of them producing personal electronics- release poor-quality products simply because they know that, in six months or a year, theyll put out a new o
13、ne.”But the new psychology of consumers is part of this system, as Norman admitted, “We now want something new, something pretty, the next shiny thing.” In its most recent year, Apples profit margin(利润) was more than 21 percent. At Hewlett-Packard, the worlds biggest PC maker, it was only 7 percent.
14、- 3 -Apples annual upgrades of its products create sales of millions of units as owners of one years MacBook or iPhone line up to buy the newest version（版本）, even when the changes are slight. As to Li Jijia, the need for upgrading his smart-phone comes mainly from friends and classmates. When they a
15、re switching to the latest equipment, he worries about feeling left out.“Some games require better hardware to run,” said Li. “If you dont join in, you lose part of the connection to your friends.”5. Whats the authors attitude towards peoples greed for new products?A. Supportive（支持的） B. Optimistic.（
16、乐观的）C. Critical（批评的）. D. Unclear.6. How do the electronics companies successfully promote their latest products?A. They make full use of the “planned obsolescence” strategy.B. They make a fool of customers by recycling their old products.C. They control the customers way of thinking while shopping.D
17、. They invent new products to attract the youth like Li Jijia.7. Why is Apple Company interested in producing latest version of its product?A. To provide customers with better service.B. To defeat other competitors like Hewlett-Packard. C. To establish a favorable image of itself among its customers
18、.D. To make huge profits（利润） out of its business.8. It can be inferred （推断）from the last paragraph that Li Jijia feels the need to replace his smart-phone as a result of_.A. new psychology B. peer pressure C. life style D. friends expectationCWhen my brother and I were young, my mom would take us on
19、 Transportation Days. It goes like this: You cant take any means of transportation more than once. We would start from home, walking two blocks to the rail station. Wed take the train into the city center, then a bus, switching to the tram, then maybe a taxi. We always considered taking a horse carr
20、iage in the historic district, but we didnt like the way the horses were treated, so we never did. At the end of the day, we took the subway to our closest station, where Moms friend was waiting to give us a ride homeour first car ride of the day.The good thing about Transportation Days is not only
21、that Mom taught us how to get around. She was born to be multimodal (多方式的). She understood that - 4 -depending on cars only was a failure of imagination and, above all, a failure of confidencethe product of a childhood not spent exploring subway tunnels. Once you learn the route map and step with ce
22、rtainty over the gap between the train and the platform, nothing is frightening anymore. New cities are just light-rail lines to be explored. And your personal car, if you have one, becomes just one more tool in the toolboxand often an inadequate one, limiting both your mobility and your wallet.On T
23、ransportation Days, we might stop for lunch on Chestnut Street or buy a new book or toy, but the transportation was the point. First, it was exciting enough to watch the world speed by from the train window. As I got older, my mom helped me unlock the mysteries that would otherwise have paralyzed my
24、 first attempts to do it myself: How do I know where to get off? How do I know how much it costs? How do I know when I need tickets, and where to get them? What track, what line, which direction, wheres the stop, and will I get wet when we go under the river?Im writing this right now on an airplane,
25、 a means we didnt try on our Transportation Days and, we now know, the dirtiest and most polluting of them all. My flight routed me through Philadelphia. My multimodal mom met me for dinner in the airport. She took a train to meet me. 9. Which was forbidden by Mom on Transportation Days?A. Havinga c
26、ar ride. B. Taking the train twice.C. Buying more than one toy. D. Touring the historic district.10. According to the writer, what was the greatest benefit of her Transportation Days?A. Building confidence in herself. B. Reducing her use of private cars.C. Developing her sense of direction. D. Givin
27、g her knowledge about vehicles.11. Which means of transportation（交通工具） does the writer probably disapprove of (不赞成)?A. Airplane. B. Subway. C. Tram. D. Car.DOne of the greatest contributions（投稿）to the first Oxford English Dictionary was also one of its most unusual. In 1879, Oxford University in Eng
28、land asked Prof. James Murray to serve as editor for what was to be the most ambitious dictionary in the history of the English language. It would include every English word possible and would give not only the definition but also the history of the word and quotations (引文) showing how it was used.
29、This was a huge task. So Murray had to find volunteers from Britain, the - 5 -United States, and the British colonies to search every newspaper, magazine, and book ever written in English. Hundreds of volunteers responded, including William Chester Minor. Dr. Minor was an American Surgeon（外科医生）who h
30、ad served in the Civil War and was now living in England. He gave his address as “Broadmoor, Crowthorne, Berkshire,” 50 miles from Oxford. Minor joined the army of volunteers sending words and quotations to Murray. Over the next years, he became one of the staffs most valued contributors. But he was
31、 also a mystery. In spite of many invitations, he would always refuse to visit Oxford. So in 1897, Murray finally decided to travel to Crowthorne himself. When he arrived, he found Minor locked in a book-lined cell（囚室）at the Broadmoor Asylum（精神病院）for the Criminally insane. Murray and Minor became fr
32、iends, sharing their love of words. Minor continued contributing to the dictionary, sending in more than 10,000 submissions in 20 years. Murray continued to visit Minor regularly, sometimes taking walks with him around the asylum grounds. In 1910, Minor left Broadmoor for an asylum in his native Ame
33、rica. Murray was at the port to wave goodbye to his remarkable friend. Minor died in 1920, seven years before the first edition of the Oxford English Dictionary was completed. The 12 volumes defined 414,825 words, and thousands of them were contributions from a very scholarly and devoted asylum pati
34、ent. 12. According to the text, the first Oxford English Dictionary _. A. came out（出版） before Minor died B. was edited by an American volunteer C. included the English words invented by MurrayD. was intended to be the most ambitious English dictionary13. How did Dr. Minor contribute to the dictionar
35、y?A. He helped Murray to find hundreds of volunteers. B. He sent newspapers, magazines and books to Murray.C. He provided a great number of words and quotations.D. He went to England to work with Murray. 14. Prof. Murray and Dr. Minor became friends mainly because _.A. they both served in the Civil
36、WarB. they had a common interest in wordsC. Minor recovered with the help of MurrayD. Murray went to America regularly to visit Minor15. What does the text mainly talk about?A. The history of the English language.- 6 -B. The friendship between Murray and Minor. C. Broadmoor Asylum and its patients.D
37、. Minor and the first Oxford English Dictionary.EKids health：Four steps for fighting stress (战胜压力)Everybody gets stressed from time to time. _16_ Some ways of dealing with stresslike screaming or hitting someonedont solve(解决)much. But other ways，like talking to someone you trust，can lead you to solv
38、ing your problem or at least feeling better. Try taking these four steps the next time you are stressed：Get support. When you need help，reach out to the people who care about you. Talk to a trusted adult，such as a parent or other relatives._ _17_ They might have had similar problems，such as dealing
39、with a test，or the death of a beloved pet.Dont take it out on yourself（不要把什么事情都往自己身上揽）.Sometimes when kids are stressed and upset（伤心） they take it out on themselves. Oh，dear，thats not a good idea. Remember that there are always people to help you. Dont take it out on yourself. _18_Try to solve the p
40、roblem.After youre calm and you have support from adults and friends，its time to get down to（开始做） business. _19_ Even if you cant solve it all，you can solve a piece of it.Be positive.Most stress is temporary(暂时的)Remember stress does go away，especially when you figure out the problem and start workin
41、g on solving it.These steps arent magic， but they do work. And if you can stay positive as you make your way through a tough time，youll help yourself feel better even faster _20_AAsk for a helping hand to get you through the tough situation.BNotice your friends feelings and find a way to help them.C
42、Different people feel stress in different ways.DAh，it feels so good when the stress is gone.EYou need to figure out what the problem is.FAnd dont forget about your friends.GThen，find a way to calm down.第二部分 完形填空（共 20 小题，每小题 2 分，满分 40 分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从 36-55 各题所给的四个选项（A,B,C 和 D）中，选出一个最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂
43、黑。- 7 -On a Friday 21 , a poor young artist stood at the gate of the subway station, playing his violin. The music was 22 , and many people 23 and put some money into the 24 of the young man.The next night, the young artist took out a large piece of 25 and laid it on the ground. Then he began 26 . T
44、he music sounded more pleasant. Some people gathered and they found the 27 on that paper. “Last night, a gentleman put a(n) 28 thing into my hat. Please come to get it back.” When the people saw that, they felt very curious and began to 29 what it could be. After about half an hour, a man 30 there i
45、n a hurry and said, “It cant be true！You .you .”The young violinist asked, “Did you 31 something?”“Lottery (彩票).”the man answered 32 .The violinist took out a lottery ticket. “Is it？” he asked.The man was too 33 to say a word .George Sang 34 a lottery ticket a few days ago. The awards(奖)opened yeste
46、rday and he won $500,000. So lucky and excited did he feel that he 35 50 dollars and put it in the hat when hearing the music. However, the lottery ticket was also thrown into the hat without being noticed. The violinist found the lottery ticket. Thinking that the owner would 36 to look for it, he c
47、ame back to where he was given the lottery ticket.Someone asked the violinist 37 he returned the lottery ticket to the man. He said, “ 38 I dont have much 39 , I live happily; but if I lose 40 I wont be happy forever.”21. A. morning B. afternoon C. noon D. night22. A. quiet B. beautiful C. familiar
48、D. exciting23. A. slowed down B. speeded up C. passed by D. went away24. A. wallet B. bag C. hat D. box25. A. paper B. glass C. plastic D. cloth26. A. working B. waiting C. singing D. playing27. A. poems B. articles C. words D. texts- 8 -28 A. important B. fantastic C. dangerous D. interesting29. A.
49、 argue B. care C. expect D. guess30. A. came B. rushed C. walked D. left31. A. get B. find C. forget D. lose32. A. quickly B. anxiously C. seriously D. carefully33. A. confused B. anxiously C. excited D. surprised34. A. bought B. made C. found D. sold35. A. handed out B. took out C. hunted for D. picked up36. A. forget B. remember C. return D. picked up37. A. where B. why C. when D. how38.
