1、1二、细节理解 间接信息题(2018全国，A)Washington，D.C.Bicycle ToursCherry Blossom Bike Tour in Washington，D.C.Duration：3 hoursThis small group bike tour is a fantastic way to see the world-famous cherry trees with beautiful flowers of Washington，D.C.Your guide will provide a history lesson about the trees and the f
2、amous monuments where they blossom.Reserve your spot before availabilityand the cherry blossomsdisappear!Washington Capital Monuments Bicycle TourDuration：3 hours (4 miles)Join a guided bike tour and view some of the most popular monuments in Washington，D.C.Explore the monuments and memorials on the
3、 National Mall as your guide shares unique facts and history at each stop.Guided tour includes bike，helmet，cookies and bottled water.Capital City Bike Tour in Washington，D.C.Duration：3 hoursMorning or Afternoon，this bike tour is the perfect tour for DC.newcomers 2and locals looking to experience Was
4、hington，D.C.in a healthy way with minimum effort.Knowledgeable guides will entertain you with the most interesting stories about Presidents，Congress，memorials，and parks.Comfortable bikes and a smooth tour route(路线) make cycling between the sites fun and relaxing.Washington Capital Sites at Night Bic
5、ycle TourDuration：3 hours (7 miles)Join a small group bike tour for an evening of exploration in the heart of Washington，D.C.Get up close to the monuments and memorials as you bike the sites of Capitol Hill and the National Mall.Frequent stops are made for photo taking as your guide offers unique fa
6、cts and history.Tour includes bike，helmet，and bottled water.All riders are equipped with reflective vests and safety lights.语 篇 解 读 本 文 是 一 篇 应 用 文 。 文 章 介 绍 了 在 华 盛 顿 特 区 进 行 的 四 项 自 行 车 旅 行 。21Which tour do you need to book in advance?ACherry Blossom Bike Tour in Washington，D.C.BWashington Capital
7、 Monuments Bicycle Tour.CCapital City Bike Tour in Washington，D.C.DWashington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle Tour.答案 A解析 细节理解题。根据第一项自行车旅行中的最后一句“Reserve your spot before availabilityand the cherry blossomsdisappear！”可知，这项自行车旅行需要提前预订。其他三项自行车旅行都没有提到需要预订。22What will you do on the Capital City Bike Tour?
8、AMeet famous people.BGo to a national park.CVisit well-known museums.DEnjoy interesting stories.答案 D解析 细节理解题。根据第三项自行车旅行中的第二句“Knowledgeable guides will entertain you with the most interesting stories about 3Presidents，Congress，memorials，and parks.”可知，在 Capital City Bike Tour中，导游会为你讲述关于总统、国会、纪念碑和公园的最有
9、趣的故事。23Which of the following does the bicycle tour at night provide?ACity maps. BCameras.CMeals. DSafety lights.答案 D解析 细节理解题。由题干中的 at night可定位到最后一项自行车旅行。根据最后两句“Tour includes bike，helmet，and bottled water.All riders are equipped with reflective vests and safety lights.”可知，在晚上进行的这项自行车旅行给游客配备了安全灯。一、题型
10、解读1话题特点常考查间接信息理解类的话题有 9：(1)人物类；(2)故事类；(3)文化教育类；(4)史地自然类；(5)社会生活类；(6)科普说明类。2设问形式特殊疑问句形式或填空形式：(1)According to the author/passage，.(2)What can we learn about.?(3)What was the reason for.?二、解题技巧“断章取义”定答案第一步：阅读题干，确定关键词，锁定原文相关信息第二步：定位题干关键词的转换形式第三步：利用正确选项特征，确定答案正确选项特征：(1)用同义或近义词复现。如【真题感悟】第 21题题干中 book in a
11、dvance“提前预定”与原文中“Reserve your spot before availabilityand the cherry blossoms4disappear(在有效期即樱花消失前预约)”意思相同，所以知答案为 A项。(2)同根词或原词复现。(3)语言简化。简化原文中的复杂语言现象，并设置为答案。(4)反义词复现。把原文中的意思反过来表达。A(2018山东枣庄一模)Natalie Trayling is a famous street artist in Melbourne.At first，those who happened to pass by her and spare
12、 some change didnt even realize what a musical 1genius was playing.The emotional tune was not only masterfully played but also composed by Natalie herself when she was only 14.Gradually，as long as she appears， people will stop，absorbed in her music.Her music makes you think about calmness，the good t
13、hings in life，and never giving up.But what people do not know is that behind the beautiful music of the old woman，it is full of bitterness.At the age of 12，she won a music 2scholarship at Santa Maria College.At 15 she knocked back a scholarship to the Royal Academy of Music in London because her par
14、ents couldnt pay non-tuition costs.When she left school，she taught piano at Santa Maria.Later she met her husband，Denis.They had four children，but the two of them died.In 1984，Denis asked for a divorce.Natalies son，Nathan，was given medication for depression.Natalie lived either outdoors in Royal Par
15、k or in boarding houses for nine years.In late 2003 Natalie collapsed with anaemia(贫血) and was hospitalized for six months.For half a century，Natalie has been 3teased by fate.But even so，she never gave up her love for music.When asked why music was so important to her，she said， “Music is everything.
16、I do feel part of it.The whole world is music.”When Natalie went on the Internet，she became a sign of Melbourne.People are impressed by her 4persistence in dreams and the optimism of life.Now she is no longer wandering around.She can play the piano at any time，but as long as 5the weather is good，she
17、 will walk to the streets of Melbourne，and play a 9touching melody for the rush of the city.语 篇 解 读 本 文 介 绍 了 澳 大 利 亚 墨 尔 本 一 位 坚 强 、 勇 敢 的 街 头 艺 术 家 Natalie Trayling。1Why is Natalies music so touching to the passers-by?AIt is full of bitterness.BShe composed it herself.CIts a reflection of her own
18、life.DIt reminds them of the beauty of life.答案 D解析 细节理解题。根据第一段最后两句“Gradually，as long as she appears，people will stop，absorbed in her music.Her music makes you think about calmness，the good things in life，and never giving up.”可知，路人听到娜塔莉的演奏都会驻足聆听，因为娜塔莉的乐声让你沉静下来，思考生命中那些美好的事物，让你觉得永远都不要放弃。故选 D。2Which of
19、the following can replace the underlined words “knocked back” in Paragraph 2?AGave up. BObtained.CAccepted. DWas awarded.答案 A解析 词义猜测题。根据画线词后面的“because her parents couldnt pay non-tuition costs”可知，娜塔莉在 15岁时拒绝了伦敦皇家音乐学院的奖学金，因为她的父母负担不起学费以外的费用。故选 A。3What does music mean to Natalie?AIts her hobby.BIts the
20、 source of her misfortune.CIt is part of her life.DIts a way to earn a living.答案 C解析 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Music is everything.I do feel part of it.The whole world is music.”可知，对娜塔莉而言，音乐就是一切，她觉得自己是它的一部分，6音乐是全世界。故选 C。4What does the author try to tell us?ANatalie is a musical genius.BLife is not easy for ever
21、yone.CNever give up halfway.DNatalie has a strong and brave heart.答案 D解析 推理判断题。根据最后一段得知娜塔莉在网上走红后，一下子成了墨尔本的标志。人们被她对梦想的执着和对生活的乐观精神所打动。说明作者想通过本文向我们介绍墨尔本坚强、勇敢的街头艺术家娜塔莉。故选 D。B(2018山东泰安质检)Honesty is the best policy.We may agree that admitting mistakes and behaving in a genuine way is the right way to lead
22、 our lives，but is there something in our human nature that makes us immoral？For example，in some shops and car parks you can find an honesty boxa box where you pay for something by putting money in itbut it relies on you to put the right amount of cash in.This relies on people being honest and not tr
23、ying to cheat but it does provide a 5temptation to 6get away with not paying the full amount.Philip Graves，a psychologist，suggests that this temptation is part of our 7evolution.He says， “We have evolved with the ability to be dishonest.Its part of our evolutionary psychological make-upbecause if we
24、 can gain an advantage over the people around us，we have a greater chance of surviving.”So why do we place such importance on being honest if we benefit from being dishonest? Its because it is selfish behavior.If everybody acted selfishly and dishonestly all the time，the world would be a very unplea
25、sant place.As Philip Graves says， “There is a balance to strike between the extent to which we can feather our own nest，so to speak，and the risk of being ostracized(排斥) by the group.” So， for societies to work together we need to trust each other and therefore we need to be honest.7Being trustworthy
26、 with money is of course vital for an economy to survive.But being honest with words is another matter，saying what we think to someone can get us into hot water.However，a new anonymous messaging app has been designed that lets anyone with a link to your profile(简介) to send you a message without know
27、ing who its from.The app now has 300 million users which perhaps indicates how honest we really like to bebut in all honesty，do you want to know what people think about you? Is honesty always the best policy?语篇解读 这是一篇议论文。在生活、工作中，诚实一定是上策吗？本文讨论了诚实守信是人的本能还是社交生活的必然产物。5What does an honesty box require pe
28、ople to do?AGet the change out of it freely.BPut the correct amount of money in it.CDonate the pocket money to others.DPay a larger amount of money.答案 B解析 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“For example，in some shops and car parks you can find an honesty boxa box where you pay for something by putting money in itbut it r
29、elies on you to put the right amount of cash in.”可知，诚实盒子要求人们在盒子里放入正确数目的钱。故选 B。6According to Philip Graves，being dishonest .Ais a disadvantageBshould be 8advocatedCis part of our evolutionDhelps people survive better答案 C解析 细节理解题。根据第二段 Philip Graves的话“We have evolved with the ability to be dishonest.I
30、ts part of our evolutionary psychological make-upbecause if 8we can gain an advantage over the people around us，we have a greater chance of surviving.”可知，不诚实是我们进化的一部分。故选 C。7What does Paragraph 3 mainly talk about?AThe reason for being honest.BThe benefit of being dishonest.CThe 10outcome of selfishn
31、ess.DThe importance of group work.答案 A解析 段落大意题。根据第三段内容尤其是该段首句“So why do we place such importance on being honest if we benefit from being dishonest？”可知，此段主要向我们叙述要诚实的原因。故选 A。8What can we infer from the text?AHonesty is always the best policy.BThe author is in favor of dishonesty.CThe market of the ne
32、w app is promising.DBeing honest with words is sometimes improper.答案 D解析 推理判断题。根据最后一段第二句“But being honest with words is another matter，saying what we think to someone can get us into hot water.”可知，诚实的话有时候是不恰当的。故选 D。.障碍词汇突破(一)阅读下列句子，并根据句意猜测画线部分的意思1Chaplin was not just a genius，but he was among the mo
33、st influential figures in film history.天才2Angelas 7,000 tuition at university this year will be paid for with scholarships.奖学金93He teased the dog by pulling its tail.戏弄4It requires time and persistence，so stick with it.毅力；坚持5Resist the temptation to buy the item until youre certain you need it.诱惑6Th
34、ose who lie and cheat will never get away with it.(做了错事)不受惩罚 7The theory of evolution is the scientific idea that plants and animals develop and change gradually over a long period of time.进化8We advocate strict control of pollution to protect the environment.提倡(二)同义词语替换9The movie is about a sweet，to
35、uching romance story between a girl and a boy after their online encounter.moving10Five minutes from the end，the outcome of the match was still in doubt.result.长难句理解1When asked why music was so important to her，she said， “Music is everything.I do feel part of it.The whole world is music.”句式分析 本句话主干为
36、简单句五种句型中的主谓宾结构，主干的主语是 she，谓语是said，宾语是直接引语“Music is everything.I do feel part of it.The whole world is music.”。When asked why music was so important to her是状语从句的省略形式，补充完整为 When she was asked why music was so important to her。精美译文 当被问到为什么音乐对她那么重要时，她说：“音乐就是一切，我觉得自己是它的一部分，音乐是全世界。 ”2For example，in some s
37、hops and car parks you can find an honesty boxa box where you pay for something by putting money in itbut it relies on you to put the right amount of cash in.句式分析 本句是并列句，第一个简单句是 you can find an honesty box；a box where you pay for something by putting money in it是同位语，对前面的 an honesty box加以解释；where you
38、 pay for something by putting money in it 是定语从句。第二个简单句是 it relies on you to put the right amount of cash in。精美译文 例如，在一些商店和停车场，你会发现诚实盒子，就是你往里面放你买东西所花的钱的盒子，但是在盒子里放入正确数目的钱这依靠你自己。10专题强化练(十七).单项填空1Physically challenged as Jack was，he did not himself to his fate.Aresist BreserveCresign Drescue答案 C解析 考查动词词
39、义辨析。句意为：杰克虽然身体不太好，但是他不愿屈服于自己的命运。resist抵抗，抗拒；reserve 储备，保留；resign 委托，使听从，屈服；rescue 营救，援救。resign oneself to ones fate 屈服于自己的命运，为固定短语，故 C项正确。2Have you ever been in a situation you know the other person is right yet you cannot agree with him?Awhere BwhichCthat Das答案 A解析 句意为：你是否曾经处于这样一种境况？你明知道另一个人是对的，但你却
40、不能同意他的看法。分析句子可知，句中的先行词为 situation，在从句中作地点状语，应使用关系副词 where。3She then took the little key，and opened it，trembling，but could not at first see anything ，because the windows were shut.Aplainly BcloselyCfirmly Dfrequently答案 A解析 句意为：于是她拿了那把小钥匙，颤抖着打开了它，但是因为窗户都是关着的，一开始没能看清楚任何东西。closely 紧密地，接近的；firmly 坚定地；fre
41、quently 频繁地，均与句意不符。plainly 清楚地，符合句意。4While interacting with people in India，I was to a way of life completely different from my own.Areduced BexposedCcommitted Dtransferred11答案 B解析 句意为：在印度与人交流时，我接触到了一种生活方式，与我的完全不同。be reduced to减少到，沦落为；be committed to致力于；be transferred to被转移到，均不符合句意。be exposed to 接触到
42、，暴露于，符合语境。5Watching basketball games on TV at home is one thing，while going to watch them live is quite another.Aperform BperformingCto perform Dbeing performed答案 D解析 句意为：在家里的电视上看篮球比赛是一回事，去看现场比赛又是另外一回事。根据句意可知，perform 与其逻辑主语 them之间为被动关系，且此处表示去现场看正在进行的比赛，故应用 being performed作宾语 them的补足语，故 D项正确。6 work a
43、nd creative activities have been important drivers of human progress is deeply rooted in our social values.AHow BWhetherCThat DWhy答案 C解析 句意为：工作和创造性活动是人类进步的重要驱动者，这深深地植根于我们的社会价值观中。 “ work and creative activities have been important drivers of human progress”作主语，是主语从句，该从句结构意思完整，故应用 that引导该从句。7Dont make
44、 a special journey to pick up the laundry for me.Its OK.I to the shop anyway.Awas going Bwill have goneChave gone Dwill be going答案 D解析 句意为：不用专门为我去取衣服。没关系。反正我都要去商店。由第一句可知，去取衣服是还没有发生的事情，由此可知，去商店是将来的事情，故 D选项正确。D 选项的将来进行时相当于一般将来时。8What is your impression of your former colleague Nick?12Hes helpful，and h
45、e give us a hand at work.Amust BwouldCmay Dshould答案 B解析 句意为：你对前同事尼克的印象怎样？他很乐于助人，并经常在工作中帮助我们。must 必须，肯定；would 过去常常，将；may 可能，可以；should 竟然，应该。由第一句中的“former colleague”可知，Nick 过去常常帮助同事，故 B选项正确。9 the oil under the sea，the company has raised ample funds to develop petroleum exploration equipment.AExploitin
46、g BHaving exploitedCTo exploit DExploited答案 C解析 句意为：为了探索海底石油，该公司筹集了充足的资金来开发石油勘探设备。此处为动词不定式作目的状语，故 C选项正确。10Thanks to the special chemical of the soil in the mountainous area，this economic plant grows well there.Acomposition BcompetenceCconstruction Dconclusion答案 A解析 句意为：由于山区里土壤的特殊化学成分，这种经济作物在那儿生长得非常好
47、。composition构成，合成物，成分；competence 能力；construction 建造；conclusion 结论。根据常识可知，这里指化学成分，A 选项正确。.阅读理解A(2018兴化一中考前适应性练习)Primavera SoundTo kick off the summer， theres no better place to be than Barcelona.On the concert lineup，youll find bands like The Zombies，Arcade Fire，and Bon 13Iver.Then take some time to
48、soak up the local food，wine，and culture.Date: May 31June 4,2018Location: Barcelona，SpainMusic Type：Indie，rock，hip-hopPrice：80300 (around 86 323)Recommended places to stay in Barcelona：Hotel 1898Hotel Barcelona UniversalMercer Hotel BarcelonaGovernors BallOne of the greatest summer concerts in New Yo
49、rk City is Governors Ball，which takes place in early June at Randalls Island Park.Some of the many artists playing include Tool，Phoenix，Lorde，Flume， and the Wu-Tang Clan.Date：June 24,2018Location：New York City，New York，USAMusic Type：Rock，hip-hop，popPrice： 105 305Recommended places to stay in New York City：W New York-Union Square，Union Square，New York
