1、1阅读理解提升练(五)A(2018浙江余姚中学高三押题卷一)Suppose that you,a college student of somewhat limited means,are in the market for a used pickup truck.The following ad in a local used car publication catches your eyes.2013 Ford Ranger,bilk,4WD,a/c,AM/FM/cass.,showroom condition.Call 205-1234 after 5 p.m.This is exact
2、ly the kind of vehicle you want,so you call to inquire about the price.The price you are quoted over the phone is $2,000 lower than the price for this model with this equipment listed in a used car guidebook.Instead of being overjoyed,however,you are suspicious.For many products,when you must pay le
3、ss than the going rate,you believe you are getting a great deal.This is not necessarily the case for used cars or other durable goods (washing machines and television sets,for example) because with expensive productsor,what is essentially the same thing,products with high replacement costsyou must b
4、e particularly careful about getting a “lemon ”,or a product of substandard quality.In addition to asking the price,the age of a caror any other consumer durableis a factor when you are trying to determine whether a seller is attempting to unload a lemon.While people have all sorts of reasons for wa
5、nting to sell their carseven relatively new carsmost people hold off until they have put many thousands of miles on a car or until the used car is several years old.You would probably be as suspicious of a car that is “too new” as you would a car that is “too good” a deal.In fact,you are probably wi
6、lling to pay a high price for a high-quality used car.While this price would certainly be acceptable to the seller,the competitive market might not facilitate such trades.1.According to the passage,why will you feel suspicious rather than overjoyed when you find a product of an unexpectedly low pric
7、e?A.Because the product is probably not the exact kind you want.B.Because you dont believe you can really get a good deal in the second-hand market.C.Because you are afraid that you might get a lemon unloaded by the seller.D.Because you are actually willing to pay a higher price for the product.2.Wh
8、ich of the following items might be a “lemon” referred to in the passage?A.Some rotting fruit.2B.A brand new washing machine.C.A second-hand TV set of high quality.D.A light-van of low quality.3.When you are looking for a proper used car in the market,you should . A.take the age of the car into cons
9、iderationB.always put the quality of the car at priorityC.consider the age as well as the price of the carD.consider how many miles the car has runB(2018浙江学军中学高考冲刺)Lack of electricity and resources in disadvantaged regions around the world means no centrifuge (离心机) in medical labs.Now,a simple new 2
10、0-cent invention could change all that.Its based on an unusual source of inspiration:the whirligig(陀螺).Manu Prakash is a physical biologist at Stanford and the inventor of the new product.When he visited Uganda in 2013 he found that the clinics had neither centrifuges nor the electricity to power th
11、em.He realized that he needed to design a human-powered centrifuge that costs less than a cup of coffee.When he returned to Stanford,Prakash began brainstorming ideas with his assistant,Saad Bhamla.They quickly concentrated on toys like yo-yos and whirligigs.“One night I was playing with a button an
12、d string.And out of curiosity,I set up a high-speed camera to see how fast a button whirligig would spin.I couldnt believe my eyes,” Bhamla recalled.The button was spinning at 10,000 to 15,000 revolutions per minute (rpm).The pair began designing small hand-powered centrifuges based on the whirligig
13、 principle.Their final model was the Paperfuge.It spins at 125,000 rpm,the same as a centrifuge costing $1,000 to $5,000.The Paperfuge is made of a disk of paper coated in a polymer(聚合物).The disk is attached to two pieces of wood or PVG pipe via strings.When the strings are pulled,the disk in the mi
14、ddle spins.This acts as a centrifuge for a blood sample attached to the center of the disk.The team describes their work in the journal Nature Biomedical Engineering.Once the blood is separated,it needs to be examined by a microscope.Luckily,several years ago Prakash also created the Foldscope.It is
15、 a $1 paper microscope with optical quality similar to conventional microscopes that will begin distribution this year.4.Why did Manu Prakash invent the Paperfuge?A.To help the clinics in Uganda.B.To make traditional toys popular again.C.To make it affordable for poor areas.D.To transport electricit
16、y more conveniently.5.Which of the following words can best describe Manu Prakash?A.Creative and sympathetic.B.Ambitious and determined.C.Brave and considerate.D.Sensitive and modest.6.What does Paragraph 5 mainly tell us about the Paperfuge?A.How much it costs.B.How it works.C.What it is made of.D.
17、Where it is applied.3CDo you feel lucky?You probably dont.You may think youve got where you are today through willpower and hard work.We tend to overlook lucks role,and this seems to get worse the richer we get;surveys show that the wealthiest are least likely to owe their fortunes to good fortune.M
18、any such people oppose taxation(税收) and government spending:why should others get a handout(救济品) if they dont need one?More often than not,they vote against the very policies that helped them get lucky to begin with.In a recent Atlantic essay,Robert Frank,an economist who has studied attitudes to ch
19、ance,quoted(引用) EB White:“Luck is not something you can mention in the presence of self-made men.” However,if we see this just as a problem of the super-rich people,we may let the rest of us off too easily.Anyone living in a highly developed economy is already the one who benefits from luck.In fact,
20、we are lucky to have been born human.You might have been a battery hen,or a mayfly with only one day to live.Our blindness to such truths isnt only because were self-absorbed but also we attach more significance to things that are easier to call to mind.Its not hard to recall countless times when yo
21、u put in the effort to succeed:struggling through university finals,preparing for job interviews,tolerating a long-distance travel to work.On the other hand,its rather difficult to realize youre privilegedlike not being born in a war zone,or before antibiotics(抗生素),and so forth.7.What does the under
22、lined sentence in Paragraph 1 mean?A.Self-made men dont like to be talked about.B.Successful people owe their achievements to luck.C.Successful people tend to overlook the role of luck.D.Self-made men are more likely to show off their fortune.8.According to the author,you are fortunate if you are no
23、t . A.struggling through university finalsB.preparing for interviewsC.tolerating a long distance travelD.living in a war zone9.Which of the following might be the best title for the text?A.Luck Is a Blessing.B.We Are Lucky.C.How to Be Lucky.D.Who Is Lucky?4阅读理解提升练(五)A【语篇导读】 本文是一篇议论文,主要讲述了我们在购买商品时要注意
24、不要被“价格低廉”所迷惑,要注意鉴别商品的真实性。1.C 细节理解题。由第三段最后一句中的“you must be particularly careful about getting a lemon,or a product of substandard quality”可知,你必须特别注意买到“柠檬”,即劣质品,因此 C项为正确答案。2.D 词义猜测题。本文中“柠檬”指劣质品,故选 D项,意为“一辆劣质的轻型货车”。3.C 细节理解题。由最后一段第一句可知,汽车或耐用消费品买主通常考虑两个因素,一是price,二是 age,故选 C项。B【语篇导读】本文是说明文,介绍了美国斯坦福大学的 M
25、anu Prakash发明的一种简易的离心机装置,该装置适合那些设施落后的贫困地区。4.C 推理判断题。根据第一段第一句可知,世界上缺电和资源的贫困地区的医疗实验室里没有离心机;根据第四段第三句可知,一台转速在 125,000 rpm的离心机的价格在 1 000美元到 5 000美元之间,这在贫困地区是无法负担的;再结合第二段中的“He realized that he needed to design a human-powered centrifuge that costs less than a cup of coffee.”可知,Manu Prakash意识到他需要设计一种价钱低于一杯
26、咖啡的人力离心机。综上可推知,他发明 Paperfuge是为了让贫困地区用得起离心机。5.A 推理判断题。根据 Manu Prakash与其团队受陀螺的启发发明人工离心机的过程可知,他是一个有创造力的(creative)人;根据第二段中促使他发明人工离心机的个人经历可知,他是一个富有同情心的(sympathetic)人。6.B 主旨大意题。根据第五段中的“The Paperfuge is made of a disk of paper.When the strings are pulled,the disk in the middle spins.”可知,本段重在介绍 Paperfuge的工作
27、原理,故选 B项。C【语篇导读】 很多成功人士会把自己的成功归功于毅力和付出,而往往忽视运气的成分。事实上,我们每个人都是很幸运的。7.C 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“You may think youve got where you are today through willpower and hard work.We tend to overlook lucks role,and this seems to get worse the richer we get;surveys show that the wealthiest are least likely to owe their fortunes to good fortune.”可知,很多成功人士会把自己的成功归功于自己的毅力和付出,而往往忽视运气的成分。故选 C项。8.D 细节理解题。根据最后一段可知,如果出生在了战乱地区,这是很难改变的状况。所以,这是很不幸的。因而,如果你没有生活在战乱地区,你就是很幸运的了。故选 D项。9.B 主旨大意题。很多成功人士会把自己的成功归功于自己的毅力和付出,而往往忽视运气的成分。事实上,我们每个人都是很幸运的。故选 B项。
