1、日本汽车标准_JASO C428-2001 英文版 汽车驻车试验规程_JAPANESE AUTOMOBILE STANDARD Division MI M2 M3 JASO C428: 2001 Application Total weight Passenger capacity Passenger car 5 t or less 9 people or less Class 1 bus 5 t or less Over 10 people Class 2 bus Over 5 t Over 10 DeoDle Road vehicles - Parking brake test proce
2、dure 1. Scope proper operation. These specifications are not applicable to motorcycles, motorcycles with side car, light motor vehicles with caterpillar or sledge or automobiles with a maximum speed of less than 25 kmlh. This Standard specifies test procedures for parking brakes installed on actual
3、vehicles to confirm NI N2 N3 o1 02 03 04 2. Applicable Publications The following publications form a part of this Standard to the extent specified herein. The latest edition of all publications shall apply. II Class 1 truck 3.5 t or less Class 2 truck Over 3.5 t to 12 t Class 3 truck Over 12 t Clas
4、s 1 trailer Total axle load 0.75 t or less Class 2 trailer Total axle load over 0.75 t to 3.5 t Class 3 trailer Total axle load over 3.5 t to 10 t Class 4 trailer Total axle load over 10 t JIS DO210 JASO C436 General Rules of Brake Test Method for Automobiles and Motorcycles Parking Brake Device Dyn
5、amometer Test Procedures Division Type A Type B Type C (Center 3. Definitions Definitions of major terms used herein, other than the term stated below, are as specified in JIS Initial brake temperature D0210, Item 2. Temperature at which brake application is initiated Type Frequent use of friction m
6、aterial for main brakes - Built into wheel brake Frequent use of friction material for parking brake - Built into wheel brake Exclusive use of friction material for parking brake - Mounted on 4. Test conditions 4.1 4.1.1 Vehicle divisions Vehicles and parking brake divisions Test vehicles shall be c
7、lassified into divisions according to application, total weight and passenger capacity as specified in Table 1. Table 1 Vehicle divisions 4.1.2 Parking brake divisions Parking brakes shall be classified into divisions according to type as specified in Table 2. Table 2 Parking brake divisions I type)
8、 I transmission or transmission shaft 4.2 Vehicle condition Requirements are as specified in JIS D0210, Item 4.1. Requirements are as specified in JIS D0210, Item 4.3 4.3 Condition of individual brake parts 4.4 Track and weather conditions Requirements are as specified in JIS D0210, Item 4.2 1 JASO
9、C428: 2001 Initial brake speed kmlh Pre-braking brake temperature C Braking deceleration speed mls Braking repetitions times 4.5 Temperature measurement 4.6 Lever operating force a) Operating force for hand operated types, shall be measured at the center of hand grip. Requirements are as specified i
10、n JIS D0210, Item 6. Requirements are as specified below. When the center is not easily distinguished, the measurement point shall be 40 mm from the tip of the lever excluding the button portion. b) A calibrated operating force meter or an equivalent instrument shall be used. Measurement is not requ
11、ired for spring brakes. c) Operating force shall be applied in the direction used to apply the brake lever or brake pedal. 4.7 Fitting conditions specified in Tables 3 and 4, parking brake division. a) Type A and Type C (Center) Tests shall be conducted in the forward direction. Fitting shall be per
12、formed under the conditions Requirements are as specified in Table 3. Type A Type c MI NI M2, M3, N2, N3 I 01, 02, 03, 04 All divisions 65 60 60 10 120 120 150 1 O0 3.5 3.0 3.0 1 .o 200 200 300 30 Table 3 Fitting conditions for Type A and Type C (Center) Initial brake speed kmlh Pre-braking brake te
13、mperature C Operating force N Braking time S Braking repetitions Times All divisions 30 100 or less 5 Hand operation - 100, Pedal operation - 150 30 b) Type B A dragging test shall be performed as specified in Table 4. Conditions shall be in accordance with the requirements of JASO or the automobile
14、 manufacturer. The dragging method is not applicable to spring brakes, and therefore the stop method or a method specified by the manufacturer shall be used. Division MI M2, N2, M3 N3 01, 02, 03, 04 All Table 4 Fitting conditions for type B Maximum allowable control force operation Remark Incline or
15、 braking Pedal operation Vehicle efficiency % Hand Passenger car 20 400 500 - Trucks, busses 18 600 700 - Trailers 18 600 - Connected Includes (Conditions conditions for apply to parking connected brake for traction 12 600 700 passenger cars vehicle alone) and trailers , (total weight 750 kg or less
16、). 4.8 Inclined test track and operating force Requirements are as specified in Table 5. Table 5 Inclined test track and operating force conditions 2 JAS0 C428: 2001 Parking brake performance specified in Table 5 shall be applied for spring brakes under normal brake valve operation Parking brakes ac
17、tivated by two or more operations shall be tested after the brake is operated the according to design standards. 5. Test methods 5.1 Test methods for inclined test tracks a) The test shall be performed on both upward and downward inclines. b) The test vehicle shall be driven on a test track with the
18、 incline specified in Table 5, the gear shifted c) The stop condition shall be confirmed, the parking brake applied with the force specified in Table 5, and the main brake released. The operating force of the parking brake shall released and the stop condition shall be confirmed. the trailer parking
19、 brake is not interlocked with the traction vehicle, the stop condition shall be confirmed in a similar manner after the trailer parking brake is activated as specified. However, for vehicles connected to a tractor or passenger car, and trailers of 750 kg or less, only the traction vehicle parking b
20、rake shall be applied. Requirements are as specified below. to the neutral position, and the vehicle brought to a full stop by applying the main brake. For connected vehicles, the test shall be performed under the applicable conditions. In cases where d) In the event the stopped condition cannot be
21、maintained, the specified operating force may be applied a maximum of two times without loosening the ratchet after the vehicle is stopped by the main brake. e) For spring brakes, the operation stated in b) shall be performed first. The main brake shall be released by activating the operation valve
22、and the stopped condition shall be confirmed. When the inclined test track in Table 5 is not available, the test may be performed after the mass of the test vehicle is adjusted according to the following equation: w x sin(tan-l B) w, =siii(tanB,) where, W,: Total test vehicle weight after adjustment
23、 (kg) Test vehicle nominal weight (kg) Angle of inclined track used for test (%)/IO0 Angle of inclined track specified by division (%)/I O0 W: B,: B: 5.2 Braking capability test method a) The vehicle shall be set on a roller drive brake test apparatus (hereafter referred to as the tester) Requiremen
24、ts are as specified below. and the rollers shall be rotated in the forward direction. The value of the braking force without applying the operating force of the parking brake shall be read and used as the initial value. b) The operating force of the parking brake shall be gradually increased, and th
25、e tester shall be applied to measure the braking force at each increase. The test shall be continued until wheel lock is attained or the operating force reaches the level specified in Table 5. Braking efficiency shall be calculated as specified in Item 6.1.lc, and a value greater than that specified
26、 in Table 5 shall be confirmed. Braking force for spring brakes shall be measured by manipulating the operation valve while the rollers are rotated, and braking efficiency shall be calculated as specified in Item 6.1 .IC. Tests a) through d) shall be performed with the rollers rotated in the reverse
27、 direction. 5.3 Traction force test method (Optional) a) The parking brake of the test vehicle shall be applied at the operating force specified in Table 5, b) The traction force shall be measured at the point immediately before the wheel begins to rotate. Requirements are as specified below. and th
28、e test vehicle shall be towed by the traction device. 3 JAS0 C428: 2001 Item Initial brake speed kmlh Gear position at braking Pre-braking brake temperature Operating force Braking repetitions Guidance for test oc c) Items a) and b) shall then be performed in the reverse direction. The parking brake
29、 may be applied after application of the main brake as specified for the inclined test track test. In the event the wheel begins to slide without turning during the traction force measurement, the maximum braking force of the brake device concerned may be measured by increasing the friction coeffici
30、ent of the test track or of the test vehicle mass. Since the results obtained by this test include rolling resistance, the following tests may be performed and the rolling resistance may be subtracted from the results obtained by Item 5.3. d) The test vehicle shall be towed without applying the oper
31、ating force of the test vehicle parking brake. e) The traction force shall be measured at the point immediately before the wheel begins to rotate. f) Items d) and e) shall be performed in reverse direction 5.4 Dynamic effectiveness test Requirements are as specified in Table 6. Guidance or condition
32、s +5 30 -0 +O Maximum speeds (Vmax) of 30 kmlh or less shall be Vmax During braking, the connection between the engine and the drive shaft shall be disconnected by shifting the gear to neutral or by engaging the clutch pedal. 100 or less As specified in Table 5 No specifications Operating force or s
33、pring chamber pressure shall be increased from the lower to the upper limits, and measured at three or more points. Deceleration shall be measured. Stopping distance may be measured for reference. kmlh. -5 Table 6 Guidance for dvnamic effectiveness test Stopping distance (m) Deceleration (m/sz) t Op
34、erating force or pressing force (Spring brakes should be equal to chamber brakes.) Operating force or pressing force (Spring brakes should be equal to chamber brakes.) Remarks: Trailers are excluded since they are not self-propelled. 6. Recording 6.1 Guidance for recording For all tests, abnormal br
35、ake performance and phenomena such as noise and vibration shall be recorded in detail. 6.1.1 Inclined track test Requirements are as specified in Items 6.1.1 through 6.1.4. Results shall be recorded in the format of Attached Table 1. 6.1.2 Braking capability test Requirements are as specified below.
36、 4 JAS0 C428: 2001 a b Measurement results shall be recorded in the format shown in Attached Table 2 or 3. Results for the operating force for the inclined test track shall be recorded in the remarks column. When the braking force maintained by operating force A (N), is released, it shall be express
37、ed as follows: A(N) + O c) From the results obtained in Item 5.2, braking efficiency shall be calculated by the following equation: where, e: Braking efficiency F: W: FI: f1: Fi: F2: .fi f2 : Total braking force of parking brake (N) Nominal weight of test vehicle (kg) R/L wheels - sum of test device
38、 readings (N) R/L wheels - sum of initial values (N) L wheel - test device readings (N) R wheel - test device readings (N) L wheel - initial value (N) R wheel - initial value (N) d) Results of Attached Table 2 or 3 shall be shown in the format shown in Attached Table 1. 6.1.3 Traction force test Req
39、uirements are as specified below. a) Measurement results shall be recorded in the format shown in Attached Table 4. b) The braking force required for stopping on the inclined test track shall be obtained by the following equation: F =9.xxsin(tan-l B)-xT where, F: W: B: .f: Rolling resistance (N) T:
40、Braking force required for stopping on the inclined track (N) Nominal weight of the test vehicle (kg) Angle of the inclined track specified by category (%)/IO0 Total parking brake braking force with the operating force or the traction force applied by the traction device (N) c) Braking efficiency sh
41、all be obtained by the following equation: T e= Ip 2B 9.8xW where, e: Braking efficiency Tp: W: B: Total parking brake braking force with the operating force or the traction force applied by the traction device (N) Nominal weight of the test vehicle (kg) Angle of the inclined track specified by cate
42、gory (%)/IO0 b) The braking force required for stopping on the inclined test track shall be obtained by the following 6.1.4 Dynamic effectiveness test a) Measurement results shall be recorded in the format shown in Attached Table 5. b) Deceleration shall be obtained by either of the following three
43、methods and the method used shall be recorded. equation: Requirements are as specified below. 5 JAS0 C428: 2001 1) Average saturated deceleration (MFDD = d,) and deceleration immediately before stopping, (see Figure 1). - v; - ve2 - Deceleration 25.92 x (Se - S, ) Deceleration immediately before sto
44、pping .i.DDrq Time ,here, V,: Initial brake speed (kmlh) Vb: Speed 0.8 V, (km/h) Ve: Speed 0.1 V, (km/h) Sb: Se: Traveling distance between V, - Vb (m) Traveling distance between Vo - Ve (m) Figure 1 Average saturated deceleration and deceleration immediately before stopping 2) Conversion of deceler
45、ation from stopping distance V2 a= 25.92x(SS -CxV,) where, S, : So: V: Default of speed (km/h) V,: V(: Measurement of speed (km/h) C: Correction for stopping distance (m) Measurement of stopping distance (m) Default of initial brake speed (km/h) Coefficient of initial brake speed, Passenger cars 0.1
46、 - Trucks and busses 0.2 3) Stable deceleration: Deceleration when magnitude of deceleration during braking can be considered nearly constant, (see Figure 2). Deceleration U Time Figure 2 Stable deceleration 6.2 Recording Format a) Format of recording shall be as follows: 1) Performance summary - At
47、tached Table 1 2) Record of capability test and performance - Attached Tables 2 - 3 3) Record of traction force test and performance - Attached Table 4 4) Record of dynamic effectiveness test and performance - Attached Table 5 b) Formats used for per item test results are shown below for reference. 1) Record of parking brake test and performance - Attached Table 1 2) Record of dynamic effectiveness test - Attached Table 2 6
