1、1专题 12 名词性从句一、选择题1I suspect _ Emily was lying when she described the incident，for I know her well.Awhether BthatCwhat Dhow答案 B2Lacking in the spirit of innovation，the small island country remains _ it was 5 years ago.Awhat BwhenCwhy Dwhich答案 A解析 句意为：由于缺乏创新精神，这个小岛国家仍然和五年前一样。remains 后为 what引导的表语从句，wha
2、t 在从句中作表语，故选 A项。3In 1776，two Spanish men were seeking a way to travel from Santa Fe，in _ is now New Mexico，to California on the west coast of North America.(2018苏 州学情调研，25)Awhere BthatCwhich Dwhat答案 D解析 句意为：在 1776年，两名西班牙男子正在寻找一条从圣达菲就在现在的新墨西哥州到在北美西海岸的加利福尼亚州的路。介词 in后为宾语从句，从句中缺少主语，指物，应用 what引导，故选 D项。 4
3、_ Jack gets home after school is calculated so that Mum can ensure him warm meals.AThat BWhenCWhether DHow2答案 B解析 句意为：杰克放学后何时到家是被计算好的，这样的话妈妈可以保证他能吃到热饭。根据句意可知，为了保证他能吃上热饭，因此被计算的是杰克到家的时间，应用 when引导主语从句，故选 B项。5A problem has occurred _ we should develop innovative thinking abilities in the classrooms by g
4、iving students opportunities to generate new ideas.Awhat BwhereCwhether Dthat答案 C6Our health is _ we make of itgive it attention and it improves；give it none and it weakens.Awhat BwhetherChow Dwho答案 A解析 此处为 what引导的表语从句。句意为：我们的健康取决于我们如何对待它多关注它，它便会改善，不关心它，它就会变得虚弱。故选 A。 9Following the decline in house
5、prices in many small and mediumsized cities, there are now signs _ house prices in major cities may also be set for a slide.答案：that 句意为：随着中小型城市房价的下跌，现在有迹象表明在大城市房价也可能有下滑的趋势。signs 后是同位语从句，从句结构和意义完整，用从属连词 that引导。10Tens of thousands of people marched to the Martin Luther King Jr. Memorial, celebrating t
6、he 50th anniversary of Kings famous speech, through which we know _ he said meant to the black.11New plans for the college entrance examination in Zhejiang are _ students have to be tested on Chinese, math, English and another three subjects as they prefer.答案：that 句意为：浙江的高考新计划是考生必须参加语文、数学、英语和他们喜欢的其他
7、三科的3考试。设空处引导表语从句，从句中不缺成分和意义，故用 that引导。12There is a strong possibility _ man will mainly depend on solar energy in the future. 答案：that 句意为：人类在将来主要依靠太阳能是非常有可能的。设空后的从句句子结构完整，不缺少成分，且是对 possibility的进一步解释、说明，故设空处引导同位语从句，故填 that。13As John Lennon once said, life is _ happens to you while you are busy making
8、 other plans.答案：what 句意为：正如约翰列侬曾经所说，生活就是在你忙于制订其他计划的时候发生在你身上的事情。设空处引导表语从句并在从句中充当主语，故填 what。14 _ the delayed flight will take off depends much on the weather.答案：When 句意为：延误的航班将何时起飞主要取决于天气。分析句子结构可知，depends much on是句子的谓语，_ the delayed flight will take off是句子的主语，设空处引导主语从句。根据句意，设空处在主语从句中作时间状语，故填 when。15 P
9、ick yourself up. Courage is doing _ youre afraid to do.答案：what/whatever/anything 句意为：振作起来，勇气就是去做(任何)你害怕做的事。分析题干可知，doing 后为宾语从句，设空处引导宾语从句，在从句中作宾语且表物。也可填 anything。16The bride and groom gave _ attended their wedding some gifts to share their happiness.答案：whoever 句意为：新娘和新郎给每个参加他们婚礼的人都送了礼物，来分享他们的幸福。设空处引导
10、宾语从句，在从句中作主语，意思是“凡是的人” ，相当于 anyone who，故用 whoever。17I couldnt imagine _difficult it was for these badly injured victims to make it to the hospital.答案：how 句意为：我无法想象这些严重受伤的受害者能成功到达医院该有多么困难。设空处引导宾语从句，空后是形容词 difficult，应该用 how修饰，how difficult it was 意为“这是多么困难” 。18Grandma pointed to the hospital and said,
11、 “Thats _ I was born.”答案：where 句意为：“那就是我出生的地方， ”奶奶指着那家医院对我说。前面提到了医院，所以设空处应该是表地点，故用 where引导该表语从句，并在从句中作地点状语。19Some people believe_has happened before or is happening now will repeat itself in the future.答案：whatever 句意为：一些人认为，无论是曾经发生过的事情还是现在正在发生的事情，都会在将来重演。从句中缺少主语，且表示“无论的事情” ，故填 whatever。20Is it true
12、that Mike refused an offer from Yale University yesterday?Yeah, but I have no idea_he did it; thats one of his favorite universities.4三、单句改错1 I didnt know what one to buy because these books were all useful to me.答案：what 改为 which 此处表示“不知道该买哪一个”意义，故“疑问词不定式”结构中的疑问词应用 which。2You want to know that evert
13、hing is going in our school.答案：that 改为 how 宾语从句的引导词在从句中作状语，表示 go的程度，表示“我们学校的情况如何” ，故用 how。3The problem is what the “Play” doesnt work at all.答案：what 改为 that 表语从句的引导词在从句中不作成分，而且不表示意义，故用 that。what 在名词性从句中需要作主语、宾语等。4 There is no doubt whether I will achieve great progress in English learning with your
14、assistance.答案：whether 改为 that 否定句或疑问句中 doubt后的从句用 that引导，肯定句 doubt后的从句用 whether/if引导。There is no doubt that.“毫无疑问” 。5 At that time, I just wondered that my mother was so delighted.答案：that 改为 why 根据 wonder判断，引导词表示“为什么”意义，故用 why。句子表示“我不明白为什么妈妈那么高兴” 。6Which is worse, they spat and even threw rubbish in
15、to the lake.答案：Which 改为 What What is worse 是固定用法，意为“更糟糕的是” 。7I went up and asked what I could help them. 答案：what 改为 if/whether 宾语从句的引导词不需要在从句中作成分，再根据 ask判断句子的引导词表示疑问意义，故应为 if/whether。8As is known to all that millions of graduates crowded into the job market each year.9 That you should learn is how t
16、o write down the most important words, not the whole sentence.答案：That 改为 What 主语从句的引导词需要在从句中作 learn的宾语，故用 what。10 Next, we can know _is going on at any time.答案：what know 后是一个宾语从句，从句缺少主语，故填 what。四、语法填空5Alfred Alder, a famous psychiatrist, had _1_interesting experience. When he was a small boy he got
17、off to a poor start in arithmetic(算术). His teacher got the idea that he had no ability in arithmetic, and told his parents _2_ she thought in order that they would not expect too much of him. In this way, they too developed the idea, “Isnt it too bad _3_Alfred cant do arithmetic？” He accepted their
18、mistaken estimate of his ability, feeling that it was useless to try. One day he became very angry at the teacher and the other students because they laughed when he said he saw how to do a problem _4_ none of the other students had been able to solve.Alder succeeded in solving the problem. This gav
19、e him confidence. He rejected the idea _5_ he could not do arithmetic and was determined to show them that he could. His _6_(angry) and his new found faith stimulated him to go at arithmetic problems with a new spirit. He now worked _7_interest, determination, and purpose, and he soon became _8_(ext
20、raordinary) good at arithmetic. He not only proved that he can do arithmetic, but he learned early in life from his own experience, if a person _9_(go) at a job with determination and purpose, his ability may make himself as well as others _10_(astonish)1_ 2._ 3._ 4._ 5._6_ 7._ 8._ 9._ 10._答案：1an ex
21、perience 在此表示“经历” ，是可数名词；此处泛指“一次有趣的经历” ，用不定冠词。2what 该词引导宾语从句，并在从句中作 thought的宾语，指事物，故填 what。3that it 是形式主语，要填的词引导从句作真正主语，而主语从句不缺少成分，表达陈述意义，所以用 that。4 which/that 所填的词引导定语从句，修饰先行词 problem，并在从句中作宾语，故填 which或that。5that 该词引导 idea的同位语从句，从句不缺少成分，意义也完整，故填 that。6anger 前面有 his作定语，与 his new found faith一起作主语，故填名
22、词 anger。 7with 此处表示“带有，有”意义，所以应该填介词 with。8extraordinarily 修饰形容词 good，意为“极其，极端地” ，用副词。9goes if 引导的从句讲的是事实 ，所以用一般现在时，主语是 a person，故填 goes。10astonish ed 在动词 make后作宾语补足语，表示宾语的状态和感受，故填形容词astonished“惊讶的” 。 四、短文改错When it comes to the TV, there will be different word in different persons minds. Some 6people
23、 think that watch TV is a good way to relax. Firstly, we can broaden our horizons or know more about the world by watching latest news and reports. Secondly, watching TV is a good way to kill their spare time. Finally, we can predict that may happen in the future and be prepared. Therefore, every co
24、in has its two sides. There are also disadvantages of watching TV. Not only do it do harm to our eyesight, but it also has a bad affect on our studies and everyday life. Definitely, TV plays a big role in our life. We should treat to it in a right way. 答案：When it comes to the TV, there will be diffe
25、rent in different persons minds. wordwordsSome people think that TV is a good way to relax. Firstly, we can broaden our watchwatchinghorizons know more about the world by watching latest news and reports. Secondly, orand thewatching TV is a good way to kill spare time. Finally, we can predict may ha
26、ppen theirour that whatin the future and be prepared. ， every coin has its two sides. There are also disadvantages of ThereforeHoweverwatching TV. Not only it do harm to our eyesight, but it also has a bad on our dodoes affect effectstudies and everyday life. Definitely, TV plays a big role in our l
27、ife. We should treat to it in a right way. 解析：第三处：orand 根据句意“首先，我们能够通过看最近的新闻和报道开阔视野，并且能够更多地了解世界”可知，broaden 和 know是并列关系，且是肯定句，应用 and连接。第四处：latest 前加 the latest 是最高级，故前面加 the。第五处：theirour 本文叙述以第一人称为主，此处指代“我们的” ，故将 their改为 our。第六处：thatwhat predict 后为宾语从句，从句中缺主语，且指物，故将 that改为 what。第七处：ThereforeHowever 根据语境可知，上下文是转折关系而非因果关系。第八处：dodoes 当 not only置于句首时，其后的句子要进行部分倒装，即将助动词提至主语之前，由于句子的主语是 it，故助动词用 does。7
