1、日本汽车标准_JASO C615-1989 英文版 独立悬架球头台架试验规程_JAPANESE AUTOMOBILE STANDARD JASO C615-89 Bench Test Procedures of Suspension Ball Joint for Independent Type 1. Scope This standard specifies the bench test proce- dures relating to the ball joint employed in an automotive suspension of independent type (herei
2、nafter referred to as ball joint). Remarks: 1. This standard does not include a sus- 2. k this standard, units and numerical values are based on SI (International System of Units!, while units and numerical values given in 1 are cus- tomary units system, and are given for reference. ension arm and i
3、ts fastener. 2. Purpose This standard aims to standardize the test procedures relating to the performance, strength and durability of the ball joints which are employed in a suspension of independent type so as to obtain generalization of quality evaluation. 3. Types of Testing Oscillation angle tes
4、t Torque test Rigidity test Extrusion and drawing strength test Ball stud static strength test Dust cover drag strength test Fatigue strength test (8) Abrasive durability test (9) Muddy water durability test (IO) Dust cover ozone-deterioration test (1 1) Dust cover low temperature test (12) Dust cov
5、er heat resistance test 4. Common Test Conditions (1) Unless otherwise specified, testing shall be conducted in an atmosphere at the room temperature. (2) A test piece shall be mounted with proper dimensions for the installation and a sufficiently rigid means shall be taken to the extent that the pu
6、rpose of testing might not be impaired. (3) A mounting jig shall be so shaped as not to impair the purpose of testing. Applicable Standards: JIS K 6301-75 JIS Z 8901-74 JASO 2 213-76 JASO C 715-88 Reference Standards: JASO C 710-87 JASO F 981-70 JASO M 322-85 JASO Z 204-84 SAE J 193 SEP 79 Physical
7、Testing Methods for Vulcanized Rubber Dusts and Aerosols for Industrial Testing Glossary of Terms Relating to Steering Systems of Automobiles Bench Test Procedures of Steering Ball Joint for Rack and Pinion Type Test Code of Strength and Rigidity for Steering Column Ball Studs and Sockets Heat Aging
8、 and Low Temperature Tests for Automotive Rubber Parts Glossary of Terms to Suspension of Automobiles Ball Stud and Socket Assembly Test Procedure 1 JAS0 C615-89 5. Ball Joint Test Method 5.1 Oscillation Angle Test This test shall be conducted to evaluate the oscillation angle of a ball joint as fol
9、lows: (1) Test setup As shown in Fig. 1, mount the ball joint onto a jig. Fig. 1 B t (2) Test conditions (a) Measuring direction: As shown in Fig. 1, measurements shall be taken in Direction A and in Direction B right- angled to Direction A from the posi- tion at which the ball stud stands verticall
10、y. (a) To determine the oscillation angle, use a measuring instrument as shown in Fig. 2. (3) Testing steps A Oscillation angle k-Y Fig. 2 Goniometer Normal dimensions for installation 2 JAS0 C615-89 As shown in Fig. 3, an oscillation angle is so related with an oscillation torque that the torque ma
11、y rise at the end of oscillation. An angle up to the starting point of such rising torque, therefore, shall be taken tactually as the maxi- mum oscillation angle. (4) Measurement items and records (See Fig. 3) (a) Oscillation angle (1: An oscillation angle mechanically osci I I a tab I e Maximum uni
12、formly oscillatable angle at which the ball stud does not (b) Maximum oscillation angle: interfere with any part but a stable service torque is available. Note: (1 Oscillatable angle may be taken as the maximu oscillation angle as agreed beaen both parties concerned to delivery. 5.2 Torque Test This
13、 test shall be conducted to evaluate the rotating and oscillating torques of a ball joint -as follows: (1) Test setup As shown in Fig. 4, for instance, mount the ball joint onto the jig. To determine a torque, use a torque gauge or any measuring instrument that may satisfy the test conditions specif
14、ied in 5.2 (*l. Fig. 3 Oscillation angle 7 Maximum oscillation angle Rise 4- Oscillation angle -1- Jr Torque Fig. 4 Static load on application vehicles21 IR; c-2 vi Rotation Normal dimensions for installation A Static load on application vehiclesiz) IA . Il VI Osillation - 3 JAS0 C615-89 .Rotating t
15、orque iN * m) kgf m) (2) Test conditions Oscillating torque (N - m) kgf - ml Table 1: Test Conditions Measure the torques upon recipro- cally rotating at the position where the ball stud stands vertically as shown in Fig. 4. Measurement Item Measure the torque upon recipro- cally oscillating in dire
16、ctions A and B from the position where the ball stud stands vertically as shown in Fig. 4. Measuring method Within f40 or bemeen maximum steering angles Static load on application vehicles(2) Measuring range Measuring rate Within k2V or between maximum oscillation angles Atmospheric temperature Note
17、 12) Tensile or compressive load in an axial direction loaded onto a ball joint when a static load is applied on a vehicle. (3) Testing procedures it is, initial start-up and service torques shall be measured. Then, giving five (5) oscillations with the maximum oscilla- tion angle and five (5) posit
18、ive-reverse 360 reciprocal rotations, start-up and service torques shall be measured. Giving five (5) osciilations up to the maximum oscillation angle to the ball stud, as well as five (5) positive-reverse 360 reciprocal rotations before taking measurements, leaving for 24 hours as Fig. 5 Torque - A
19、ngle Curve Start-up torque Service torque i z- Oscillation angle Start Service torque Torque 4 JAS0 C615-89 (4) Measurement items and records to the axis shall be measured upon Test conditions referred to in (2) loading the static load(*) on an appli- Torque - angle curve(3) (see Fig. 5) cation vehi
20、cles. Note: (5) Specified applicable load value shall be determined upon agreed Start-up torque Service torques between the both parties con- cerned to delivery. (maximum, minimum and average = max. + min.)(4) (31 Test Steps (a) A test piece shall be left for 24 hours 2 Note : (3) (4) When the torqu
21、e values are directly read with a torque wrench, this item may be omitted. In case of measurements by using a torque wrench, stable values are taken as average values for the representation, while the maxi- mum and minimum values may be omitted. 5.3 Rigidity Test This test shall be conducted to eval
22、uate the rigidity of a ball joint as follows: (1) Test setup As shown in Fig. 6, for instance, mount the ball joint onto the jig. (2) Test Conditions (a) Loads: With the ball stud vertically standing, apply tensile and compres- sive loads to the ball stud both axi- ally and rectangularly to the axis
23、 up to the specified load valueJ5) The rigidity in the direction rectangular Load in axial direction I or more after completion of the assembly. (b) After loaded up to the specified value of load in one (1 1 cycle, the specified loads (5) shall be applied in both tensile and compressive directions.
24、Then the displacements of the ball stud shall be measured. (4) Measurement items and record (a) Loads - displacement curves (see (b) Specified load and displacement 5.4 Extrusion and Drawing Strength Test This test shall be conducted to evaluate the breaking strength of a socket body or a caulked po
25、rtion of a ball joint as follows: Fig. 7) amount (1) Test setup As shown in Fig. 8, mount the ball joint onto the jig. Fig. 6 Static load in application vehicle(*) IA Il ci Normal dimension for installation i Load right-angled to the axis w 5 JAS0 C615-89 (2) Test conditions (4) Measurement items an
26、d records (a) Load directions: Extrusion and draw- (a) Load - displacement curve (see Fig. (b) Load:O through breakdown (N) kgf (b) Maximum load (for extrusion and ing directions 9) (3) Test procedures drawing) Mounting the ball joint onto the jig, apply the load to the bail stud. (c) Condition of b
27、reakdown. Fig. 7 Loads - Displacement Curve Load b Specified load Displacement amount Extrusion Load i *H+ Displacement t Fig. 8 Drawing Load t Fig. 9 Load - Displacement Curve Load 1 Maximum load Displacement 6 JAS0 C615-89 5.5 Static Strength Test of Ball Stud This test shall be conducted to evalu
28、ate the strength of a ball stud of a ball joint in the direction rectangular to the axis as follows: As shown in Fig. 10, mount the ball stud onto the jig. (1) Test setup (2) Test conditions (a) Load direction: Direction rectangu- (b) Load:O to the maximum load (NI lar to the axis of a bail stud. (k
29、gf1 (31 Test procedures Fixing the ball stud onto the jig, apply the load to the ball stud in the direction Fig. 10 rectangular to the axis. Preferably the parties concerned should mutually agree upon the jigs material and hard- ness, as well as the tightening torque of the nut, all of which may aff
30、ect the test result. (4) Measurement items and records (a) Load - displacement curve (see (b) Yield load (c) Maximum load (d) Condition of deformatiodbreak- Fig. 11) down. Load Normal dimension Fig. 11 Load-Displacement Curve Yield load 7 JAS0 C615-89 5.6 Dust Cover Drag Strength Test This test shal
31、l be conducted to evaluate the drag strength of a dust cover fixed onto a socket body of a ball joint as follows: (1) Test setup As shown in Fig. 12, mount the dust cover onto the socket body after in- stalled the drawing jig. (2) Test conditions (a) Load direction: Drawing direction of a dust cover
32、 (b) Load: O to a point at which the dust cover is pulled out of the socket body or broken. (NI (kgf1 (3) Test procedures Fixing the socket body, apply the load to the drawing jig being installed onto the dust cover. Fig. 12 Load Fig. 14 Direction axial to ball studs axis Load 5 Normal dimension for
33、 installation (4) Measurement items and records (a) Load - displacement curve (see Fig. 13) (b) Drawing or breaking load of dust cover. (c) State of drawing or breakdown. 5.7 Fatigue Strength Test This test shall be conducted to evaluate the fatigue strength of a socket body and of a ball stud of a
34、ball joint as follows: (1) Test setup As shown in Fig. 14, mount the ball joint onto the jig. The mounting angle, however, may be determined upon agreed between both parties concerned to delivery as required. Fig. 13 Load - Displacement Curve Drawing or breaking Displacement Direction rectangular to
35、 ball studs axis Load - 8 JAS0 C615-89 (2) Test conditions (3) Test procedures Load direction: Directions axial(6) and rectangular to the axis of a ball stud. Repeated load: A load shall be applied three (3) or more stages as agreed upon between both parties concerned to delivery. Repetitive speed:
36、3 to 15 Hz Testing frequency: Repeated cycles up to breakdown or specified num- ber of cycles(7). Provided, number of cycles with a minimum load shall be IO6 or more. Note: Necessity of a test with loads to be applied axially shall be determined as agreed upon be- tween both parties concerned to del
37、ivery. () The specified number of cycles shall be determined as agreed upon between both parties con- cerned to delivery. Fixing the ball joint onto the jig, apply repeated loads to the ball stud. (4) Measurement items and records (a) Test conditions specified in (2) above. (b) Load - repetitive cyc
38、le curve (see Fig. 15) (c) Broken portion and breaking behavior (d) Any other possible abnormality 5.8 Abrasive Durability Test This test shall be conducted to evaluate the abrasion durability of a ball joint as follows: As shown in Fig. 16, mount the ball joint onto the jig. (1) Test setup Fig. 15
39、Load - Repetitive Cycle Curve Load! (106 or more cycles) Fig. 16 Oscillation Rotation Load along with rectangular direction to the axis 4 Load along with axial direction 9 JAS0 C615-89 (2) Test conditions (a) Oscillation angle: f20 or 80% and above of the vehicles designed maxi- mum oscillation angl
40、e (bump-re- bound) (b) Oscillation repeating ratet?: 1 to 3 Hz (c) Rotation angle: f40 or 80% and above of the vehicles maximum steering angle (d) Rotation repeating rate(*): 0.3 to 1 Hz (e) Load along with rectangular direc- tion to the axis: To be agreed upon between both parties concerned to deli
41、very. (f) Load along with axial direction: To be agreed upon between both par- ties concerned to delivery. (g) Load repeating rate(8):0.1 to 1 Hz consider to provide an appropriate cooling method (e.g. air cooling, etc.) or sufficient time for cooling off be- tween tests. (a) Test conditions as spec
42、ified in (2) above. (b) Initiai and post-test torques as specified in 5.2. (c) Initial and post-test rigidity as specified in 5.3. (d) After completion of the test, disas- semble and check the ball seat and the ball stud for possible abrasion. And make certain that the grease has been properly seale
43、d. (4) Measurement items and records (e) Any other possible abnormality 5.9 Muddy Water Durability Test This test shall be conducted to evaluate the sealing property of a ball joint as follows: (h) Test cycles: IO6 and above in oscil- (i) Atmospheric temperature: According Note: (*) The applicable c
44、ombination of the test conditions shall be deter- mined upon agreed upon between both parties concerned to deliv- ery. lation cycles to Table 1 in 5.2 (2) above. (1) Test setup As shown in Fig. 17, mount the ball joint onto the jig with the mounting direction along with the condition in the applicat
45、ion vehicle. The dimensions and shape of the jig and roughness of sealing faces shall be similar to those of the application vehicle. The sealed and caulked portions of the dust cover of the ball joint shall be so arranged that muddy water is splashed over such portions. (3) Test procedures (a) Carr
46、y out testing under a certain fixed combination selected from the test conditions referred to in (2) above. (b) Since the bail joint may generate heat depending on the test condition applied, it should be necessary to Fig. 17 Oscillation Rotation Muddy water Load rectangular J Axial load 10 JAS0 C61
47、5-89 (2) Test conditions concerned to delivery shall agree upon whether a new article or an ozone-deteriorated article is to be evaluated. Note The applicable combination of the test conditions shall be determined upon agreed between both parties concerned to delivery. (lo) A ball joint of such cons
48、truction of which the sealing properties may be affected from a load (where a pre-load is partially held by caulking or the like) shall be loaded under the same conditions as those specified in 5.8 (2) (e) and 5.8 (2) (O. (3) Test steps (4) Measurement items and records Same as 5.8 (31. (a) Test con
49、ditions referred to in (2) (b) Examination for water immersion (c) Examination for abnormal condition of sealed grease (d) Abrasive condition on sealed parts Oscillation angle: Same as 5.8 (2) (a) Oscillation repeating rate(% Same as 5.8 (2) (b) Turning angle: Same as 5.8 (2) (c) Turning repeating rate(% Same as 5.8 (2) (d) Load along with rectangular direc- tion to the axis: Normally, no load(lo) Load along with axial direction: Nor- mally, no load(lO) Load repeating rate(9: Same as 5.8 (2) (91 Muddy water: 50 grams of the test- ing Dust Type 8 as sp
