1、1专题十三 冠词不定冠词的核心考点1.表示数量“一” ,相当于“one” 。Ill return in a day or two.2.表示“同一” ,相当于“the same” 。The children are of an age.3.表示泛指或类指,指人或事物的某一个、某一类。He wants to be a doctor.4.用于某一些表示重量、长度、时间等单位前,表示“每一” 。We have meals three times a day.5.用于专有名词前表示类似的一个或某一个,相当于“a certain” 。A Mr.Li is asking to see you.6.与某些物质
2、名词或抽象名词连用,表示“一种、一类、一份、一场、一阵” 。a heavy rain7.用在某些固定词组中。have a swimswim题组训练 1根据语境在下面的空格处填上合适的冠词1.It is generally accepted that a boy must learn to stand up and fight like a man.2.Its said John will be in a job paying over $60,000 a year.2Right,he will also get paid by the week.3.Dr.Peter Spence,/ head
3、master of the school,told us, “A fifth of pupils here go on to study at Oxford and Cambridge.”4.The biggest whale is a blue whale,which grows to be about 29 meters long the height of a 9-storeyed building.5.We can never expect a bluer sky unless we create a less polluted world.定冠词的核心考点1.用于上文提到过的人或事物
4、前。I have bought a book.The book is very useful.2.用于说话人与听话人都知道的人或事物前。Close the window,please.3.用于表示世界上独一无二的事物前,如:the sun。4.用于表示方位的名词之前,如:in the east。5.用于序数词或形容词的最高级之前,如:the first。6.用于形容词之前,使其名词化,表示一类人。7.用于由普通名词构成的专有名词之前。8.用于江河、海洋、海峡、山脉、群岛、建筑物等名词之前,如:the West Lake。9.用于复数姓氏之前,表示“夫妇”或“全家” 。10.用于作为课程或演奏等
5、的西洋乐器名词前,如:play the piano,play the violin。11.用于表示单位的名词前,如:by the day 按日。12.用于年代、朝代、时代名词前,如:in the 1970s。13.用于某些固定词组中,如:in the morning。题组训练 2根据语境在下面的空格处填上合适的冠词1.Lets go to the cinemathatll take your mind off the problem for a while.2.What a pity that you couldnt be there to receive the prize!3.Some p
6、eople fear that / air pollution may bring about changes in the weather around the world.4.As is known to all,the Peoples Republic of China is the biggest developing country in the world.5.As he reached the front door,Jack saw a strange sight.不用冠词的情况1.不含普通名词的专有名词、物质名词、抽象名词、人名、地名等名词前,一般不加3冠词,如:China,A
7、merica。2.可数名词前有物主代词、指示代词、名词所有格等限制时,不加冠词。Einsteins theory proved to be correct.3.季节、月份、星期、节日、假日、一日三餐名称前一般不加冠词,如:March,have supper。4.称呼语前不加冠词。What shall I do next,Mother?5.表示独一无二的头衔、职务名词作表语、同位语或补足语时,一般不加冠词。6.学科名称、球类、棋类名称前不加冠词。7.复数名词表示泛指一类人或事物时,前不加冠词。8.在与 by 连用的交通工具名称前不加冠词。9.连系动词 turn 后的表语单数可数名词前不加冠词。T
8、he young worker has turned writer.10.as,though 引导的倒装让步状语从句中的表语(单数可数名词)置于句首时不加冠词。Child as he is,he knows a lot.11.某些固定词组中不加冠词,如:husband and wife,arm in arm。题组训练 3根据语境在下面的空格处填上合适的冠词1.Everything comes with a price;there is no such / thing as a free lunch in the world.2.Its a good feeling for people to
9、admire the Shanghai World Expo that gives them / pleasure.3.In communication,a smile is usually a strong sign of a friendly and / open attitude.4.What / fun it is to swim in the river in summer.5.Jack,/ monitor of our class,is a hard-working student.1. prize for the winner of the competition is two-
10、week holiday in Paris.(2016浙江,2)A.The;/ B.A;/C.A;the D.The;a4答案 D解析 考查冠词。句意为:这次比赛给获胜者的奖励是在巴黎度假两周。第一个空格表示对比赛获胜者的奖励,是特指,故用 the。第二个空格泛指一次为期两周的假期,用不定冠词a。故选 D 项。2.Janes grandmother had wanted to write childrens book for many years,but one thing or another always got in way.(2015浙江,2)A.a;/ B.the;theC./;th
11、e D.a;the答案 D解析 考查冠词。句意为:简的奶奶多年来一直想写一本儿童书籍,但总有这样那样的事情阻碍她不能实现。第一空表泛指,故用不定冠词 a;第二空为固定表达 in the way 妨碍,阻碍。3.Brian is gifted in writing music;he is very likely to be Beethoven.(2015四川,5)A.a B.anC.the D./答案 A解析 考查冠词。句意为:Brian 在创作音乐上极有天赋,他很有可能成为一个像贝多芬那样的人。不定冠词用在人名前,表示“一个像那样的人” ;又因 Beethoven 是以辅音音素开头的单词,故用
12、 a,故选择 A。4.I just heard bank where Dora works was robbed by gunman wearing a mask.(2015重庆,3)A.the;/ B.a;/C.the;a D.a;the答案 C解析 考查冠词。句意为:我刚听说多拉工作的银行被一位蒙面持枪歹徒抢劫了。第一空为特指,表示“Dora 工作的银行” ;第二空为泛指,表示“一位” 。5.They chose Tom to be captain of the team because they knew he was smart leader.(2014江西,22)A.a;the B.
13、the;theC.the;a D.a;a 5答案 C解析 考查冠词。第一空后面的名词 captain 后面有介词短语 of the team 修饰,特指“这个队的队长” ,所以使用定冠词 the;第二空泛指“一位聪明的领导者” ,所以使用不定冠词a。6.The paper is due next month,and I am working seven days week,often long into night.(2014浙江,2)A.a;the B.the;/C.a;a D./;the答案 A解析 考查冠词。表示“每周七天”要用 seven days a/per/every week;l
14、ong into the night 到深夜,为固定搭配。7.I cant tell you way to the Wilsons because we dont have Wilson here in the village.(2014重庆,6)A.the;a B.a;/C.a;the D.the;/答案 A解析 考查冠词。去威尔逊家的道路是特定的,故选择定冠词;本村没有叫威尔逊的人,叫威尔逊的人有很多,不具有唯一性,故选择不定冠词。A 项正确。8.Life is like ocean:Only strong-willed can reach the other shore.(2014天津,
15、8)A.an;the B.the;aC.the;/ D./;a答案 A解析 考查冠词。句意为:人生像大海:只有那些具有坚强意志的人才能到达人生的彼岸。第一个空填 an 表示泛指;第二个空填 the 后跟形容词,表示“某一类人” 。9. village where I was born has grown into town.(2014陕西,19)A.The;a B.A;theC.The;the D.A;a答案 A解析 考查冠词。第一空后名词 village 后有定语从句修饰,表特指,故用定冠词 the;第二空后名词 town 是可数名词单数,表泛指。故选 A 项。10.It was cold
16、winter night and the moon was shining brightly across night sky.(2013山东,22)6A./;a B.a;theC.the;a D.the;/答案 B解析 考查冠词。句意为:那是一个寒冷的冬夜,月亮照亮了整个夜空。指“一个的夜晚”且 night 前有形容词修饰时,需用不定冠词 a 表示泛指;第二个空后指的是夜晚的天空,表示特指,需用定冠词 the。11.Marco Polo is said to have sailed on Pacific Ocean on his way to Java in thirteenth centu
17、ry.(2013陕西,19)A.the;a B.a;/C./;the D.the;the答案 D解析 句意为:据说在 13 世纪马可波罗去爪哇岛的航行途中经过了太平洋。在江河、山脉、湖泊、海洋、群岛、海峡、海湾、运河等专有名词前要用定冠词 the,因此第一空处的Pacific Ocean 前面要用定冠词 the;而第二个空后的名词 century 被序数词修饰,序数词前面应用定冠词 the。故该题的正确答案为 D 项。12.Four and half hours of discussion took us up to midnight,and break for cheese,chocolat
18、e and tea with sugar.(2013新课标全国,13)A.a;a B.the;theC./;the D.a;/答案 A解析 four and a half hours 四个半小时,固定搭配;后一空 a break 表示休息一次。13.The “Chinese Dream” is dream to improve peoples well-being and dream of harmony,peace and development.(2013福建,21)A.the;a B.a;aC.a;the D.the;the答案 B解析 句意为:“中国梦”是一种提高人民生活的梦,是一种和
19、谐、和平和发展的梦。由句意可知都用不定冠词 a。14.Animals are obviously lower form of life than man.(2013江西,32)A.a;/ B.the;theC.a;the D./;/答案 A7解析 本题考查冠词。man 表示“人类”的意义时,前面不加冠词,排除 B、C 两项。form是可数名词,前面有形容词修饰时要加不定冠词,因此 A 项正确。句意为:很明显,动物是低于人类的一种生命形式。15.People develop preference for a particular style of learning at early age an
20、d these preferences affect learning.(2013浙江,15)A.a;an B.a;/C./;the D.the;an答案 A解析 句意为:人们在很小的时候就养成了对某种特定的学习方式的偏爱,并且这些偏爱会影响学习。develop a preference for 养成对的偏爱/偏好;at an early age 在很小的时候,均为固定搭配,所以正确答案为 A 项。1.What do you think we should do after dinner?Why dont we get beer at the Karaoke bar down the stre
21、et? It is kind of fun to hear all the bands singing.A.a;/ B.a;aC.the;a D.a;the答案 A解析 句意为:你认为我们晚饭后应该做什么?为什么不到街上的卡拉 OK 喝杯啤酒呢?听所有的乐队唱歌是一种乐趣。口语中表示“一杯啤酒”的时候前面用定冠词a;fun 是不可数名词,不加冠词。故选 A。2.The Smiths dont usually like staying at hotels, but last summer they spent a few days at a very nice hotel by sea.A./;
22、a B.the;theC./;the D.the;a答案 C解析 hotels 这里表示泛指,用名词复数即可;后一空要注意,是表示“在海边” 。by the sea 在海边(在海岸上),这里有特指; by sea 则是表示使用海上交通工具:乘船,由海路。3.Would you mind giving some advice on how to improve our study?If you make most of the time,there will be rise in your study efficiency.A./;/ B.the;a8C./;a D.the;/答案 B解析 句意
23、为:您介意给我们一些如何改善我们学习的建议吗?如果你们充分利用时间,你们的学习效率就会提升。第一个空考查了短语“充分利用”make the most of;第二个空泛指一个提升,用不定冠词。故选 B。4.The development of industry has been gradual process throughout human existence, from stone tools to modern technology.A./;the B.the;aC.a;/ D.a;a答案 C解析 第一空 process 是可数名词,第一次出现一般用不定冠词,且此处表示“一个”的概念;第二
24、空 existence 是不可数名词,此处表示抽象概念,故用零冠词。5.Carl is studying food science at college and hopes to open up meat processing factory of his own one day.A./;a B./;theC.the;a D.the;the答案 A解析 句意为:卡尔正在大学学习食品科学,并希望有一天能够开办一家他自己的肉类加工厂。第一个空后的中心词 science 为表示抽象概念的名词,其前不用冠词。第一个空后若为science of food,则为特指,其前用定冠词 the。第二个空后中心词
25、为 factory,为可数名词,根据句意可知此处表示泛指,用不定冠词。故选 A 项。6.Raising retirement age step by step is in line with Chinas labor market realities and should be prioritized.A.the;/ B./;theC./;/ D.the;the答案 A解析 句意为:逐步提高退休年龄符合中国劳动力市场的现实,应优先考虑。第一空填定冠词 the 在此特指退休年龄,而不是其他年龄;第二处 in line with“与一致”为固定短语。故答案为 A。7.He missed gold
26、in the high jump,but will get second chance in the long jump.A.the;the B./;a9C.the;a D.a;/答案 C解析 句意为:他在跳高比赛中错失了金牌,但是在跳远比赛中他还有机会。第一个空后的gold 为特指一项比赛中唯一的金牌,故用定冠词 the。在序数词前的第二个空,若用 the,则表示“第二次” ,若用 a,则表示“再次,还有”之意;此处应取“再次,还有”之意,故第二个空用 a。8.I woke up with bad headache,yet by evening the pain had gone.A.the
27、;the B.the;anC.a;the D.a;an答案 C解析 首先 headache 前有形容词修饰,这是此空填不定冠词的标志;morning,evening 等名词前要有定冠词 the 修饰。句意为:一阵剧烈的头痛让我醒来,然而到了晚上疼痛消失了。冠词的考查以一些固定搭配的考查为主,因此平时积累一些固定搭配是非常重要的。另外,a(n)表示“一” ,而 the 表达“特指” 。9.We are said to be living in Information Age, time of new discoveries and great changes.A.an;the B./;theC.
28、/;a D.the;a答案 D解析 考查冠词。第一空 Information Age 前加定冠词 the 为固定说法;第二空根据句意“据说我们正生活在信息时代,一个充满新发现和巨大变化的时代。 ”知用不定冠词 a。故答案选 D。10.Being able to afford drink would be comfort in those tough times.A.the;the B.a;aC.a;/ D./;a答案 B解析 句意为:在那些艰苦的岁月里,能买得起一杯饮料都会是一件令人安慰的事。本题容易误选 C 项,认为 comfort“安慰”是不可数名词,其实此处为抽象名词的具体化,a comfort 令人感到安慰的一个人或一件事;a drink 一杯饮料。故 B 项正确。