四年级美术下册第18课《良渚古玉》课件1浙美版.ppt

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1、良渚文化遗址考古现场,良渚文化遗址位于杭州城北18公里处余杭区良渚镇。1936年发现的良渚遗址,实际上是余杭县的良渚、瓶窑、安溪三镇之间许多遗址的总称。是新石器时代晚期人类聚居的地方。年代为公元前3300年至公元前2000年,是长江下游良渚文化的代表性遗址。遗址总面积约34平方公里。,在浙江省杭州市余杭区良渚及附近地域内,分布着以莫角山遗址(良渚古城)为核心的50余处良渚文化遗址,良 渚 古 玉,玉琮,玉璧,玉三叉形器,玉龙手镯,玉冠形器 玉鱼 玉鸟,玉钺,玉锥形器,玉琮,四面直槽内上下各琢刻一神人兽面纹图像。,这件玉琮是已发现的良渚玉琮中最大、最重、做工最精美的一件,被誉为“琮王”。,这个神

2、人兽面纹是良渚文化的独特标志。,玉琮上的神人兽面纹有什么特点?用了怎样的雕刻手法?为什么要刻这样的形象?,图案上部为人像,脸呈倒梯形,重圈圆眼,两侧有三角形的眼角,宽鼻,用弧线勾出鼻翼,大口,露出两排十六颗牙齿。头戴宽大的羽冠,冠上羽毛呈放射状排列。双臂抬起,肘部屈曲,双手五指平伸插于兽面眼眶两侧。中部是兽面,重圈为眼,双目圆睁,两眼间有短桥相连,宽鼻,阔口,上下两对獠牙露出唇外。下部为兽足,双足呈爪状相对,爪甲尖利弯曲。无论人像或兽面,都有一种凶猛逼人的气势,给人以神秘、恐惧之感。,用浅浮雕和细线阴刻两种技法雕琢。,玉琮,相同:方柱体,内圆外方,中间为圆孔。以转角为中轴展开,琢刻有简化的神人兽面纹。 不同:分单节和多节,纹饰有的复杂,有的简单。,玉琮是良渚古玉的代表性玉器,是祭天地的重要礼器。,玉璧,扁平圆形,正中有圆孔,代表财富,也是祭天用的礼器。,玉璧,玉钺,造型像斧子,是军事首领的象征物,也是重要的礼器。,玉钺,良渚文化玉器的特点:,器型(种类):,丰富(多样),造型:,和谐工整,纹饰(图案):,精致(繁密细致),制作(做工):,精美(技术高超),良渚玉器,以其精致的纹饰著称于世,代表了中国新石器时代晚期艺术创作的杰出成就。,作业:用线描的方式表现神人兽面纹。,

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