1、1虚拟语气与情态动词 01一People are recycling many things which they away in the past.A. had thrown B. will be throwingC. were throwing D. would have thrown【考点】考察情态动词用法【答案】D【解析】句义：人们作者回收利用他们过去常常会扔掉的东西。Would have done过去常常做某事；是对过去发生的事情的推测。如果不适应情态动词，可以使用一般过去时threw。故 D正确。【举一反三】I _ sooner but I didnt know that they
2、 were waiting for me.A. had come B. was coming C. would come D. would have come【答案】D【考点】考查虚拟语气的用法。【解析】句意为“我本来可以早点来，但我真不知道他们在等我。 ”but I didnt know表示了过去时间，因此前句是对过去的虚拟，用主语+should / would / could / might + have done表达，故选 D。二. _ I have a word with you? It wont take long. A. Can B. MustC. Shall D. Should【
3、考点】考察情态动词词义辨析【答案】A【解析】本题考察的是情态动词基本意义辨析。Can 能够，可能；must 必须，一定；非得；shall将要；should 应该；句意：我可以和你谈谈吗？不会花很多时间的。根据句意可知本题使用 can I？表示询问对方是否允许。如：Can I use your dictionary?我可以使用你的字典吗？故 A正确。三. We _ back in the hotel now if you didnt lose the map.A. are B. wereC. will be D. would be【考点】考察虚拟语气2【答案】D【解析】本题考察的是 if条件状语
4、从句的虚拟语气。表示与现在事实相反时，条件句中使用“一般过去时/were” ，主句使用“情态动词+动词原形” 。句意：如果你没有把地图丢了，我们现在就会在宾馆里了。根据从句的 did可知本句是与现在事实相反，故 D正确。【试题延伸】条件句的虚拟语气是考查的重点。如果过去事实相反，条件句中使用过去完成时，主句使用“情态动词+have done”;如果主句与现在事实相反，条件句中使用过去时，be动词使用 were,主句中使用“情态动词+动词原形” ；如果与将来事实相反，条件句中有三种：过去时；were to do ;should+动词原形，主句使用“情态动词+动词原形” ；要特别注意如果省略了 i
5、f，句子要使用部分倒装的形式，把助动词，be 动词，情态动词提之主语前。【举一反三】Grace doesnt want to move to New York because she thinks if she there, she wouldnt be able to see her parents very often.A. lives B. would live C. having asked D. Were to live【答案】D【考点】 考查情态动词。【解析】在表示将来的情况下，主句中第一人称可用 should，其他人称用 would；从句中任何人称都用 should,不可用 wo
6、uld.此处 were to live用于虚拟语气，表示与将来的事实相反。四. Although you _ find bargains in London, its not generally a cheap place to shop. A. should B. need C. must D. can 【考点】考察情态动词词义辨析【答案】D【解析】should 应该，竟然；need 需要；must 必须，一定；非得，偏偏；can 能够，可能，有时会；句义：尽管你有时可能会在伦敦找到便宜货，但总得说来那不是一个购物的便宜的地方。根据句义可知 can表示有时可能，有时会；故 D正确。【举一反三
7、】It is usually warm in my hometown in March, but it be rather cold sometimes.A.must B.can C.should D.would3答案B考点本题考查情态动词的用法。解析must 必然, 一定；can 可能；should 应该；would（过去）将, 总会。本题提供的语境是 “有时可能会” 。五. no modern telecommunications, we would have to wait for weeks to get news from around the world.A. Were there
8、 B. Had there been C .If there are D. If there have been【考点】考察虚拟语气和省略【答案】A【解析】本题是一个 if条件句的虚拟语气，表示与现在相反，if 从句中使用“过去时/were”，主句使用“情态动词+动词原形” ；在 if被省略的时候，要使用部分倒装。句义：如果没有现代的电信业，要想得到世界各地的消息，我们就不得不等几个星期。故 A正确。六.If Mr. Dewey _ present, he would have offered any possible assistance to the people there.A. wer
9、e B. had been G. should be D. was【考点】考察虚拟语气【答案】B【解析】本题考察的是条件状语从句的虚拟语气中的与过去事实相反的情况。与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，条件状语从句要使用“过去完成时 had done”，主句要使用“情态动词+have done”。句义：如果 Mr Dewey在场，他就会向那里的人提供保证。根据本句后面主句中的 would have offered说明与过去事实相反，故从句中使用过去完成时。故 B正确。【试题延伸】if 的虚拟语气非常重要，简要概括如下：1、表示与现 在事实相反的情况，从句：If 主语+过去时(Be 动词用 were)；主句
10、：主语+should/would/could/might+do： 2、表示与过去事实相反的情况，从句：If 主语+had+done；主句：主语+should/would/could/might+have done 3、表示对将来情况的主观推测，从句：if+主语+were to doif+主语+should+do if+主语+did（动词过去式）/were ；主句：主语+should/would/could/might+do。【举一反三】If may car _more reliable, I would have driven to Lhasa 4instead of flying last
11、summer.A. was B. had been C. should be D. would be【答案】B 【考点】考查虚拟语气。【解析】根据主语的谓语动词可知题干是表示与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，从句谓语动词用 had done，选 B。七. Ive prepared all kinds of food for the picnic.Do you mean we_ bring anything with us?A. cant B. mustnt C. shant D. neednt【考点】考察情态动词【答案】D 【解析】本题考察的是情态动词意义辨析。cant 不可能；不能；mustnt 禁
12、止，千万不能；neednt 不必；不需要；句义：我已经为野餐准备了各种食物。你是指我们不必带任何东西了？根据句义可知前者已经准备了一切食物，所以后者不需要带任何东西。故D正确。【举一反三】We have bought so much food now that Suzie wont be with us for dinner.Amay not Bneednt Ccant Dmustnt 【答案】B 【考点】考察情态动词的用法【解析】may not 不可以，neednt 不需要，cant 不可能， mustnt 绝不可能 本句句意为：既然 Suzie不和我们一起吃晚饭，所以我们就不需要买这么多食
13、物。八. It was sad to me that they, so poor themselves, bring me food.A. might B. would C. should D. could【考点】考察情态动词词义辨析【答案】C【解析】本题考察的是情态动词的特殊意义。Might 也许；would 会，过去常常做某事；should应该，竟然；could 能够；句意：让我难过的是，如此贫穷的他们竟然给我带来了5食物。根据句意可知本句中的 should表示“竟然” 。故 C正确。【试题延伸】在平时的学习中既要注意情态动词的基本含义，也要注意情态动词的特殊意义，如 must偏偏，非得；
14、should 竟然；mustnt 禁止，千万不能；等等。情态动词Shall用于所有人称，表示命令，警告，允诺；以及法律规定中要做的事情。【举一反三】Its hard to believe that Jack _ have fought with the policeman.Yes. If one _ ask for trouble, it cant be helped.A. would; will B. must; may C. should; must D. need; dare【答案解析】C 考查情态动词。句意：难以置信，杰克竟然与警察打了一架。是的。如果一个人非要找麻烦，实在没法子。句中 should表示“竟然” ，must 表示“硬要，非要” 。6
