IEC 60235-4-1972 Measurement of the electrical properties of microwave tubes Part 4 Magnetrons《微波管电性能的测量 第4部分 磁控管》.pdf

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1、NORME INTERNATIONALE INTERNATIONAL STANDARD CE1 IEC 60235-4 Premire dition First edit ion 1972-01 Mesure des caractristiques lectriques des tubes pour hyperfrquences Quatrime partie: Magntrons Measurement of the electrical properties of microwave tubes Part 4: Magnetrons Numro de rfrence Reference n

2、umber CEMEC 60235-4: 1972 Numros des publications Depuis le ler janvier 1997, les publications de la CE1 sont numrotes partir de 60000. Pu bl ications con sol ides Les versions consolides de certaines publications de la CE1 incorporant les amendements sont disponibles. Par exemple, les numros dditio

3、n 1.0, 1.1 et 1.2 indiquent respectivement la publication de base, la publication de base incorporant lamendement 1, et la publication de base incorporant les amendements 1 et 2. Validit de la prsente publication Le contenu technique des publications de la CE1 est constamment revu par la CE1 afin qu

4、il reflte ltat actuel de la technique. Des renseignements relatifs la date de reconfir- mation de la publication sont disponibles dans le Catalogue de la CEI. Les renseignements relatifs des questions ltude et des travaux en cours entrepris par le comit technique qui a tabli cette publication, ainsi

5、 que la liste des publications tablies, se trouvent dans les documents ci- dessous: (Site web de la CEI“ Catalogue des publications de la CE1 Publi annuellement et mis a jour rgulirement (Catalogue en ligne)* Bulletin de la CE1 Disponible la fois au aite web de la CEI et comme priodique imprim Termi

6、nologie, symboles graphiques et littraux En ce qui concerne la terminologie gnrale, le lecteur se reportera la CE1 60050: Vocabulaire Electro- technique International (VEI). Pour les symboles graphiques, les symboles littraux et les signes dusage gnral approuvs par la CEI, le lecteur consultera la C

7、E1 60027: Symboles littraux a utiliser en lectrotechnique, la CE1 6041 7: Symboles graphiques utilisables sur le matriel. Index, relev et compilation des feuilles individuelles, et la CE1 60617: Symboles graphiques pour schmas. * Voir adresse 4te web sur la page de titre. Numbering As from 1 January

8、 1997 all IEC publications are issued with a designation in the 60000 series. Consolidated publications Consolidated versions of some IEC publications including amendments are available. For example, edition numbers 1 .O, 1 .I and 1.2 refer, respectively, to the base publication, the base publicatio

9、n incor- porating amendment 1 and the base publication incorporating amendments 1 and 2. Validity of this publication The technical content of IEC publications is kept under constant review by the IEC, thus ensuring that the content reflects current technology. Information relating to the date of th

10、e reconfirmation of the publication is available in the IEC catalogue. Information on the subjects under consideration and work in progress undertaken by the technical committee which has prepared this publication, as well as the list of publications issued, is to be found at the following IEC sourc

11、es: IEC web site* Catalogue of IEC publications Published yearly with regular updates (On-line catalogue)* Available both at the IEC web site* and as a printed periodical IEC Bulletin Terminology, graphical and letter symbols For general terminology, readers are referred to I EC 60050: International

12、 Electrotechnical Vocabulary (IEV). For graphical symbols, and letter symbols and signs approved by the IEC for general use, readers are referred to publications IEC 60027: Letter symbols to be used in electrical technology, IEC 60417: Graphical symbols for use on equipment. Index, survey and compil

13、ation of the single sheets and IEC 60617: Graphical symbols for diagrams. * See web site address on title page. NORME CE1 INTERNATIONALE INTERNATIONAL STANDARD IEC 60235-4 Premire dition First edition 1972-01 Mesure des caractristiques lectriques des tubes pour hyperfrquences Quatrime partie: Magntr

14、ons Measurement of the electrical properties of microwave tubes Part 4: Magnetrons O IEC 1972 Droits de reproduction rservs - Copyright - all rights reserved Aucune partie de cette publication ne peut tre reproduite ni utilise sous quelque forme que ce soit et par aucun procd, lectronique ou mcaniqu

15、e, y compris la photo- copie et les microfilms, sans laccord celui-ci, avec la tension danode, produit une vitesse dlectrons tangentielle et peu prs synchrone avec la vitesse de phase de lune des composantes des champs harmoniques spatiaux de londe stationnaire qui rsulte de la tension des secteurs

16、des anodes; de cette faon loscillation est entretenue. Conditions genrales et prcautions En plus des conditions gnrales et prcautions indiques dans la Publication 235-2 de la CEI, et celles spcifies par le fabricant, les conditions et prcautions suivantes sappliquent aux magntrons en particulier: Ch

17、amp magntique Magntrons prts fonctionner aimant permanent incorpor I1 est ncessaire dempcher laffaiblissement de laimant ou la distorsion de son champ au moyen dun montage et dune procdure appropris. Le tube ayant, le plus souvent des dimensions et un poids aussi faibles que possible, laimant a gnra

18、lement t magntis presque son niveau de saturation et il est par consquent facilement dmagntisable. Un choc brusque (tel quil est produit par un impact) ou un contact progressif avec des matriaux ferromagntiques peuvent provoquer une perte apprciable de magntisation qui a pour rsultat une dtrioration

19、 des performances du tube. Les magntrons en stockage doivent tre carts dune distance minimale pour empcher leur interaction rciproque. La distance minimale de scurit est normalement soit marque sur le tube, soit spcifie dans les donnes caractristiques. Si elle nest pas prcise, la dimension maximale

20、du magntron peut tre prise comme la distance de scurit. Le magn- tron doit tre stock sur des tagres non ferromagntiques. Si lon ne peut viter lemploi dtagres ferromagntiques, le tube doit tre cart du matriau ferromagntique dau moins la dstance minimale spcifie. Tout matriau ferromagntique au voisina

21、ge du magntron peut dformer le champ. Cha- que fois que cest possible de tels matriaux doivent tre compltement retirs du voisinage du magntron. Par exemple, la plaque de montage du magnetron doit tre en alliage non magnti- que. I1 est recommand de nemployer, pour linstallation des magntrons et pour

22、effectuer dautres travaux au voisinage de laimant, que des outils en matriaux non ferromagntiques. Prcaution: I1 importe galement de ne pas placer les magntrons trop prs des instruments de mesure afin que la prcision de ceux-ci nen soit pas affecte. Magntrons aimant non incorpor Le champ magntique e

23、ntre les ples de laimant doit tre homogne. Normalement les alliages employs pour les aimants permanents prsentent des manques duniformit qui peuvent dformer le champ entre les ples. Cest pourquoi les parties formant les ples de laimant doivent tre en matriau magntique doux. -7- MEASUREMENT OF THE EL

24、ECTRICAL PROPERTIES OF MICROWAVE TUBES Part 4: Magnetrons 1. 2. 2.1 2.1.1 2.1.2 General theory Magnetrons essentially comprise a cylindrical cathode, coaxial sectored anodes (which are termini of coupled resonant structures), and a unidirectional coaxial magnetic field (passing at least between thes

25、e electrodes) which, together with the anode voltage, produces tangential electron velocity which is nearly synchronous with the phase velocity of one of the space harmonic field components of the consequent standing wave of voltage on the anode sectors, thus maintaining oscillation. General require

26、ments and precautions In addition to the general requirements and precautions in IEC Publication 235-2, and any specified by the manufacturer, the following requirements and precautions apply specifically to magnetrons: Magnetic field Integral permanent-magnet (packaged) magnetrons It is necessary,

27、by proper design and procedure, to prevent weakening of the magnet or distortion of its field. Since the tube must often be designed to minimize size and weight, the magnet has usually been magnetized almost to its saturation value and is thus easily demagne- tized. A sharp shock (such as may result

28、 from impact), or gradual contact with ferromagnetic materials, may therefore cause appreciable loss of magnetization with resultant deterioration of tube performance. Stored magnetrons should be separated by sufficient distance to prevent their mutual interaction. The minimum safe distance is usual

29、ly marked on the tube or specified in the ratings. L it is not designated, the maximum dimension of the magnet may be taken as a safe distance. The magnetron should be stored on non-ferromagnetic shelves. If ferromagnetic shelves must be used, the tube should be separated from the ferromagnetic mate

30、rial by at least the stated minimum distance. Any ferromagnetic material in the vicinity of the magnetron could distort the field. If at all possible, such material should be kept entirely away from the magnetron. For example, the magnetron mounting plate should be of non-magnetic alloy. It is recom

31、mended that, in installing magnetrons and in executing other work near the magnet, only tools made of non- ferromagnetic materials be used. instruments as to affect their accuracy. Precaution: It is also important to avoid positioning the magnetron so near to measuring Non-integral magnet (unpackaged) magnetrons The magnetic field between the magnet pole pieces should be homogeneous. Generally, alloys used for permanent magnets show non-uniformities that may distort the field between the poles. Therefore, the pole pieces of the magnet should be made of a soft magnetic material. *-

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