1、NORME INTERNATIONALE CEI IEC INTERNATIONAL STANDARD 606092 Premiredition Firstedition 199711 Evaluationdelrosiondecavitation danslesturbines,lespompesdaccumulation etlespompesturbineshydrauliques Partie2: EvaluationdanslesturbinesPelton Cavitationpittingevaluation inhydraulicturbines,storagepumps an
2、dpumpturbines Part2: EvaluationinPeltonturbines Numroderfrence Referencenumber CEI/IEC606092:1997Numrosdespublications Depuisle1erjanvier1997,lespublicationsdelaCEI sontnumrotespartirde60000. Publicationsconsolides Lesversionsconsolidesdecertainespublicationsde laCEIincorporantlesamendementssontdisp
3、onibles. Parexemple,lesnumrosddition1.0,1.1et1.2 indiquentrespectivementlapublicationdebase,la publicationdebaseincorporantlamendement1,etla publicationdebaseincorporantlesamendements1 et2. Validitdelaprsentepublication LecontenutechniquedespublicationsdelaCEIest constammentrevuparlaCEIafinquilreflt
4、eltat actueldelatechnique. Desrenseignementsrelatifsladatede reconfirmationdelapublicationsontdisponiblesdans leCataloguedelaCEI. Lesrenseignementsrelatifscesrvisions,ltablis sementdesditionsrvisesetauxamendements peuventtreobtenusauprsdesComitsnationauxde laCEIetdanslesdocumentscidessous: Bulletind
5、elaCEI AnnuairedelaCEI Accsenligne* CataloguedespublicationsdelaCEI Publiannuellementetmisjourrgulirement (Accsenligne)* Terminologie,symbolesgraphiques etlittraux Encequiconcernelaterminologiegnrale,lelecteur sereporteralaCEI60050: VocabulaireElectro techniqueInternational (VEI). Pourlessymbolesgra
6、phiques,lessymboleslittraux etlessignesdusagegnralapprouvsparlaCEI,le lecteurconsulteralaCEI60027: Symboleslittraux utiliserenlectrotechnique,laCEI60417:Symboles graphiquesutilisablessurlematriel.Index,relevet compilationdesfeuillesindividuelles, etlaCEI60617: Symbolesgraphiquespourschmas. Publicati
7、onsdelaCEItabliespar lemmecomitdtudes Lattentiondulecteurestattiresurleslistesfigurant lafindecettepublication,quinumrentles publicationsdelaCEIprparesparlecomit dtudesquiatablilaprsentepublication. * Voiradressesitewebsurlapagedetitre. Numbering Asfromthe1stJanuary1997allIECpublicationsare issuedwi
8、thadesignationinthe60000series. Consolidatedpublications ConsolidatedversionsofsomeIECpublications includingamendmentsareavailable.Forexample, editionnumbers1.0,1.1and1.2refer,respectively,to thebasepublication,thebasepublication incorporatingamendment1andthebasepublication incorporatingamendments1a
9、nd2. Validityofthispublication ThetechnicalcontentofIECpublicationsiskeptunder constantreviewbytheIEC,thusensuringthatthe contentreflectscurrenttechnology. Informationrelatingtothedateofthereconfirmationof thepublicationisavailableintheIECcatalogue. Informationontherevisionwork,theissueofrevised edi
10、tionsandamendmentsmaybeobtainedfrom IEC NationalCommitteesandfromthefollowing IECsources: IECBulletin IECYearbook Onlineaccess* CatalogueofIECpublications Publishedyearlywithregularupdates (Onlineaccess)* Terminology,graphicalandletter symbols Forgeneralterminology,readersarereferredto IEC60050:Inte
11、rnationalElectrotechnicalVocabulary (IEV). Forgraphicalsymbols,andlettersymbolsandsigns approvedbytheIECforgeneraluse,readersare referredtopublicationsIEC60027: Lettersymbolsto beusedinelectricaltechnology ,IEC60417: Graphical symbolsforuseonequipment.Index,surveyand compilationofthesinglesheets and
12、IEC60617: Graphicalsymbolsfordiagrams. IECpublicationspreparedbythesame technicalcommittee Theattentionofreadersisdrawntotheendpagesof thispublicationwhichlisttheIECpublicationsissued bythetechnicalcommitteewhichhaspreparedthe presentpublication. * Seewebsiteaddressontitlepage.NORME INTERNATIONALE C
13、EI IEC INTERNATIONAL STANDARD 606092 Premiredition Firstedition 199711 Evaluationdelrosiondecavitation danslesturbines,lespompesdaccumulation etlespompesturbineshydrauliques Partie2: EvaluationdanslesturbinesPelton Cavitationpittingevaluation inhydraulicturbines,storagepumps andpumpturbines Part2: E
14、valuationinPeltonturbines CommissionElectrotechniqueInternationale InternationalElectrotechnicalCommission Pourprix,voircatalogueenvigueur Forprice,seecurrentcatalogue IEC1997Droitsdereproductionrservs Copyrightallrightsreserved Aucunepartiedecettepublicationnepeuttrereproduiteni utilisesous quelque
15、formequecesoitetparaucun procd,lectroniqueoumcanique,ycomprislaphoto copieetlesmicrofilms,sanslaccordcritdelditeur. Nopartofthispublicationmaybereproducedorut ilizedin anyformorbyanymeans,electronicormechanical, includingphotocopyingandmicrofilm,withoutpermissionin writingfromthepublisher. Internati
16、onalElectrotechnicalCommission 3,ruedeVarembGeneva,Switzerland Telefax:+41229190300 email:inmailiec.ch IECwebsitehttp:/www.iec.ch CODEPRIX PRICECODE P2 606092CEI:1997 SOMMAIRE Pages AVANTPROPOS 4 INTRODUCTION . 6 Articles 1Gnralits 8 1.1 Domainedapplicationetobjet . 8 1.2Points exclus. 8 1.3Rfrence
17、normative 10 2 Terminologie,symbolesetdfinitions 10 2.1Units 10 2.2 Listedestermesemploys. 10 2.3 PositiondeszonesdtrioressurlesaugetsPeltonetnaturedesdommages 16 3 Natureettenduedesgarantiesrelativeslrosiondecavitation 18 3.1 Priodedegarantie . 18 3.2 Dfinitiondeltenduedelrosiondecavitation 18 3.3
18、Domainesetduredefonctionnement . 20 3.3.1 Duredefonctionnementderfrence . 20 3.3.2 Durerelledefonctionnement 20 3.3.3Conditions spciales. 20 4 Modalitsdexcutiondesessais 22 4.1 Rparation,pendantlapriodedegarantie,desdommagesduslacavitation 22 4.2 Mesureetcalculdeltenduedelrosiondecavitation 22 5 Cal
19、culdesrsultats 24 5.1 Respectdelagarantie . 24 Annexes A Exemplesdevaleursdtenduedrosiondecavitation . 26 B Bibliographie 30606092IEC:1997 3 CONTENTS Page FOREWORD . 5 INTRODUCTION . 7 Clause 1General . 9 1.1 Scopeandobject. 9 1.2Excluded topics. 9 1.3Normative reference 11 2 Terms,symbolsanddefinit
20、ions. 11 2.1Units . 11 2.2 Listofterms 11 2.3 LocationandtypeofdamagetoPeltonbuckets 17 3 Natureandextentofcavitationpittingguarantees . 19 3.1 Periodofguarantee . 19 3.2 Definitionoftheamountofcavitationpitting . 19 3.3 Operatingrangesanddurationofoperation 21 3.3.1 Referencedurationofoperation 21
21、3.3.2 Actualdurationofoperation. 21 3.3.3Special conditions. 21 4Test procedure. 23 4.1 Cavitationpittingrepairduringtheguaranteeperiod. 23 4.2 Measurementandcalculationoftheamountofcavitationpitting. 23 5 Computationofresults 25 5.1 Fulfilmentoftheguarantee 25 Annexes A Examplesofamountsofcavitatio
22、npittings 27 B Bibliography . 314 606092CEI:1997 COMMISSIONLECTROTECHNIQUEINTERNATIONALE _ VALUATIONDELROSIONDECAVITATION DANSLESTURBINES,LESPOMPESDACCUMULATION ETLESPOMPESTURBINESHYDRAULIQUES Partie2:EvaluationdanslesturbinesPelton AVANTPROPOS 1) LaCEI(CommissionElectrotechniqueInternationale)estun
23、eorganisationmondialedenormalisationcompose delensembledescomitslectrotechniquesnationaux(ComitsnationauxdelaCEI).LaCEIapourobjetde favoriserlacooprationinternationalepourtouteslesquestionsdenormalisationdanslesdomainesde llectricitetdellectronique.Aceteffet,laCEI,entreautresactivits,publiedesNormes
24、internationales. Leurlaborationestconfiedescomitsdtudes,auxtravauxdesquelstoutComitnationalintressparle sujettraitpeutparticiper.Lesorganisationsinternationales,gouvernementalesetnongouvernementales,en liaisonaveclaCEI,participentgalementauxtravaux.LaCEIcollaboretroitementaveclOrganisation Internati
25、onaledeNormalisation(ISO),selondesconditionsfixesparaccordentrelesdeuxorganisations. 2) LesdcisionsouaccordsofficielsdelaCEIconcernantlesquestionstechniquesreprsentent,danslamesure dupossibleunaccordinternationalsurlessujetstudis,tantdonnquelesComitsnationauxintresss sontreprsentsdanschaquecomitdtud
26、es. 3) Lesdocumentsproduitsseprsententsouslaformederecommandationsinternationales.Ilssontpublis commenormes,rapportstechniquesouguidesetagrscommetelsparlesComitsnationaux. 4) Danslebutdencouragerlunificationinternationale,lesComitsnationauxdelaCEIsengagentappliquerde faontransparente,danstoutelamesu
27、repossible,lesNormesinternationalesdelaCEIdansleursnormes nationalesetrgionales.ToutedivergenceentrelanormedelaCEIetlanormenationaleourgionale correspondantedoittreindiqueentermesclairsdanscettedernire. 5) LaCEInafixaucuneprocdureconcernantlemarquagecommeindicationdapprobationetsaresponsabilit nestp
28、asengagequandunmatrielestdclarconformelunedesesnormes. 6) LattentionestattiresurlefaitquecertainsdeslmentsdelaprsenteNormeinternationalepeuventfaire lobjetdedroitsdepropritintellectuelleoudedroitsanalogues.LaCEInesauraittretenuepour responsabledenepasavoiridentifidetelsdroitsdepropritetdenepasavoirs
29、ignalleurexistence. LaNormeinternationaleCEI606092attablieparlecomitdtudes4delaCEI:Turbines hydrauliques. Letextedelaprsentenormeestissudesdocumentssuivants: FDIS Rapportdevote 4/127/FDIS 4/139/RVD Lerapportdevoteindiqudansletableaucidessusdonnetouteinformationsurlevoteayant aboutilapprobationdecett
30、enorme. LannexeAfaitpartieintgrantedecettenorme. LannexeBestdonneuniquementtitredinformation.606092IEC:1997 5 INTERNATIONALELECTROTECHNICALCOMMISSION _ CAVITATIONPITTINGEVALUATION INHYDRAULICTURBINES,STORAGEPUMPS ANDPUMPTURBINES Part2:EvaluationinPeltonturbines FOREWORD 1) TheIEC(InternationalElectr
31、otechnicalCommission)isaworldwideorganizationforstandardizationcomprising allnationalelectrotechnicalcommittees(IECNationalCommittees).TheobjectoftheIECistopromote internationalcooperationonallquestionsconcerningstandardizationintheelectricalandelectronicfields.To thisendandinadditiontootheractiviti
32、es,theIECpublishesInternationalStandards.Theirpreparationis entrustedtotechnicalcommittees;anyIECNationalCommitteeinterestedinthesubjectdealtwithmay participateinthispreparatorywork.International,governmentalandnongovernmentalorganizationsliaising withtheIECalsoparticipateinthispreparation.TheIECcol
33、laboratescloselywiththeInternationalOrganization forStandardization(ISO)inaccordancewithconditionsdeterminedbyagreementbetweenthetwo organizations. 2) TheformaldecisionsoragreementsoftheIEContechnicalmattersexpress,asnearlyaspossible,an internationalconsensusofopinionontherelevantsubjectssinceeachte
34、chnicalcommitteehasrepresentation fromallinterestedNationalCommittees. 3) Thedocumentsproducedhavetheformofrecommendationsforinternationaluseandarepublishedintheform ofstandards,technicalreportsorguidesandtheyareacceptedbytheNationalCommitteesinthatsense. 4) Inordertopromoteinternationalunification,
35、IECNationalCommitteesundertaketoapplyIECInternational Standardstransparentlytothemaximumextentpossibleintheirnationalandregionalstandards.Any divergencebetweentheIECStandardandthecorrespondingnationalorregionalstandardshallbeclearly indicatedinthelatter. 5) TheIECprovidesnomarkingproceduretoindicate
36、itsapprovalandcannotberenderedresponsibleforany equipmentdeclaredtobeinconformitywithoneofitsstandards. 6) AttentionisdrawntothepossibilitythatsomeoftheelementsofthisInternationalStandardmaybethesubject ofpatentrights.TheIECshallnotbeheldresponsibleforidentifyinganyorallsuchpatentrights. Internation
37、alStandardIEC606092hasbeenpreparedbyIECtechnicalcommittee4: Hydraulicturbines. Thetextofthisstandardisbasedonthefollowingdocuments: FDIS Reportonvoting 4/127/FDIS 4/139/RVD Fullinformationonthevotingfortheapprovalofthisstandardcanbefoundinthereportof votingindicatedintheabovetable. AnnexAformsaninte
38、gralpartofthisstandard. AnnexBisforinformationonly.6 606092CEI:1997 INTRODUCTION LaCEI60609 (1978)traitedelrosiondecavitationdesturbinesraction,maisne sappliquepasauxturbinesPelton(action).LannexeAdelaCEI60609prcisedailleurs quelesturbinesPeltonnesontgnralementpassoumiseslrosiondecavitation. Cependa
39、nt,lexpriencemontrequelaprobabilitdobserverdelrosionduelacavitationou limpactdesgouttelettesaugmenteaveclaccroissementdelavitessespcifique(en particulierpourlesturbinescomportantplusieursjets)etdelnergiehydrauliquemassique(la chute).Cefaisant,desgarantiesdepertedematirepeuventtreexiges. Diffrentesso
40、urcesdedommagessontobservesselonlescaractristiquesdelcoulement; titredexemple,citons: leserreursdeprofil; desconditionsdalimentationdfavorables; lrosionlielimpactdegouttelettes (rosionparlesgouttelettes,appeleaussirosionparimpactdejet); etparfois lesconditionsdecalage (parexemplecalagedelaroueparrap
41、portauniveauaval,oupardpressionaval). Lesraisonsdesdommagessontsouventcomplexesetdoiventtresoigneusementrecenses entenantcomptedesconditionsquisontexcluesdelagarantiedecavitation(voir1.2). Toutefois,lebutdelaprsentepartiedelaCEI60609nestpasdeprciserlesmesurespour viterlrosiondecavitationencequiconce
42、rne: leprofilhydrauliqueetlarugositdesurfacedeslmentsdelamachine(augets, injecteurs,etc.), lesconditionsdinstallation(calage,amene). Celafaitpartiedusavoirfaireducontractantdelaturbine. Lesdommages(pertedepoids)rsultantdesdiffrentessources(rosiondecavitation, rosionparimpactdegouttelettes)sontregroupssousladnominationglobaledrosionde cavitation.606092IEC:1997 7 INTRODUCTION IEC60609(1978)treatscavitationpittinginreactionmachin
