IEC 61012-1990 Filters for the measurement of audible sound in the presence of ultrasound《在有超声情况下测量可闻声用滤波器》.pdf

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1、NORME INTERNATIONALE INTERNATIONAL STANDARD CE1 IEC 61012 Premire dition First edition 1990-01 Filtres pour la mesure des sons audibles en prsence dultrasons Filters for the measurement of audible sound in the presence of ultrasound Numro de rfrence Reference number CEMEC 61012: 1990 Numros des publ

2、ications Depuis le 1 er janvier 1997, les publications de la CE1 sont numrotes partir de 60000. Publications consolides Les versions consolides de certaines publications de la CE1 incorporant les amendements sont disponibles. Par exemple, les numros ddition 1.0, 1.1 et 1.2 indiquent respectivement l

3、a publication de base, la publication de base incorporant lamendement 1, et la publication de base incorporant les amendements 1 et 2. Validit de la presente publication Le contenu technique des publications de la CE1 est constamment revu par la CE1 afin quil reflete ltat actuel de la technique. Des

4、 renseignements relatifs la date de reconfir- mation de la publication sont disponibles dans le Catalogue de la CEI. Les renseignements relatifs des questions ltude et des travaux en cours entrepris par le comit technique qui a tabli cette publication, ainsi que la liste des publications tablies, se

5、 trouvent dans les documents ci- dessous: (Site web de la CEI* Catalogue des publications de la CE1 Publi annuellement et mis jour rgulirement (Catalogue en ligne) Bulletin de la CE1 Disponible la fois au &te web de la CEI et comme priodique imprim Terminologie, symboles graphiques et littraux En ce

6、 qui concerne la terminologie gnrale, le lecteur se reportera la CE1 60050: Vocabulaire Electro- technique International (VE I). Pour les symboles graphiques, les symboles littraux et les signes dusage gnral approuvs par la CEI, le lecteur consultera la CE1 60027: Symboles littraux i utiliser en lec

7、trotechnique, la CE1 6041 7: Symboles graphiques utilisables sur le matriel. Index, relev et compilation des feuilles individuelles, et la CE1 60617: Symboles graphiques pour schmas. * Voir adresse site web, sur la page de titre. Numbering As from 1 January 1997 all IEC publications are issued with

8、a designation in the 60000 series. Consolidated publications Consolidated versions of some IEC publications including amendments are available. For example, edition numbers 1 .O, 1.1 and 1.2 refer, respectively, to the base publication, the base publication incor- porating amendment 1 and the base p

9、ublication incorporating amendments 1 and 2. Validity of this publication The technical content of IEC publications is kept under constant review by the IEC, thus ensuring that the content reflects current technology. information relating to the date of the reconfirmation of the publication is avail

10、able in the IEC catalogue. Information on the subjects under consideration and work in progress undertaken by the technical committee which has prepared this publication, as well as the list of publications issued, is to be found at the following IEC sources: IEC web site* Catalogue of IEC publicati

11、ons Published yearly with regular updates (On-line catalogue) Available both at the IEC web site* and as a printed periodical IEC Bulletin Terminology, graphical and letter symbols For general terminology, readers are referred to IEC 60050: International Electrotechnical Vocabulary (IEV). For graphi

12、cal symbols, and letter symbols and signs approved by the IEC for general use, readers are referred to publications IEC 60027: Letter symbols to be used in electrical technology, IEC 60417: Graphical symbols for use on equipment. Index, survey and compilation of the single sheets and IEC 60617: Grap

13、hical symbols for diagrams. See web site address on title page. NORME INTERNATIONALE INTERNATIONAL STANDARD CE1 IEC 61012 Premire dition First edition 1990-01 Filtres pour la mesure des sons audibles en prsence dultrasons Filters for the measurement of audible sound in the presence of ultrasound O I

14、EC 1990 Droits de reproduction rservs - Copyright - all rights reserved Aucune partie de cette publication ne peut tre reproduite ni No part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in utilise sous quelque forme que ce soit et par aucun any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical. pr

15、ocd, lectronique ou mcanique, y compris la photo- including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in copie et les microfilms, sans raccord crit de lditeur. writing from the publisher. International Electrotechnical Commission Telefax: +41 22 91 9 0300 3, rue de Varemb Geneva, Switzerland IE

16、C web site http: llwww.iec.ch e-mail: inmailiec.ch G CODE PRIX PRICE CODE Pour prix, voir catalogue en vigueur For price, see current catalogue Commission Electrotechnique Internationale International Electrotechnical Commission Memnwapontian KTPOTXHHCKR HOMHCCHR O -2- 1012 O CE1 COMMISSION ELECTROT

17、ECHN IQUE INTERNATIONALE FILTRES POUR LA MESURE DES SONS AUDIBLES EN PRESENCE DULTRASONS PREAMBULE 1) Les dcisions ou accords officiels de la CE1 en ce qui concerne les questions techniques, prpars par des Comits d Etudes o sont repr- sents tous les Comits nationaux sintressant ces questions, exprim

18、ent dans la plus grande mesure possible un accord international sur les sujets examins. 2) Ces dcisions constituent des recommandations internationales et sont agres comme telles par les Comits nationaux. 3) Dans le but dencourager 1 tunification internationale, la CE1 exprime le voeu que tous les C

19、omits nationaux adoptent dans leurs rgles nationales le texte de la recommandation de la CEI, dans la mesure o les conditions nationales le permettent. Toute divergence entre la recommandation de la CE1 et la rgle nationale correspondante doit, dans la mesure du possible, tre indique en termes clair

20、s dans cette dernire. 4) La CE1 na fix aucune procdure concernant le marquage comme indica- tion dapprobation et sa responsabilit nest pas engage quand il est dclar quun matriel est conforme lune de ses recommandations. PREFACE La prsente norme a t tablie par le Comit dEtudes no 29 de la CEI: Elect

21、roacou sti q ue . Le texte de cette norme est issu des docuinentc suivants: -i I Rgle des Six Mois 29(BC)141 29 ( BC) 154 Le rapport de vote indiqu dans le tableau ci-dessus donne toute infor- mation sur le vote ayant abouti lapprobation de cette norme. La puhlicafion suivante de la CE1 est cite dan

22、s la prsente norme: Publication no 651 (1979): Sonomtres. Autre publication cite: Norme IS0 266 (1975): Acoustique - Frquences normales pour les mesuragec. 1012 O IEC FI -3- NTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION -TERS FOR THE MEASUREMENT OF AUDIBLE SOUND IN THE PRESENCE OF ULTRASOUND FOREWORD 1)

23、The formal decisions or agreements of the IEC on technical matters, prepared by Technical Committees on which all the National Committees having a special interest therein are represented, express, as nearly as possible, an international consensus of opinion on the subjects dealt with. are accepted

24、by the National Committees in that sense. wish that all National Committees should adopt the text of the IEC recommendation for their national rules in s9 far as national condi- tions will permit. Any divergence between the IEC recommendation and the corresponding national rules should, as far as po

25、ssible, be clearly indicated in the latter. 2) They have the form of recommendations for international use and they 3) In order to promote international unification, the IEC expresses the . 4) The IEC has not laid down any procedure concerning marking as an indication of approval and has no responsi

26、bility when an item of equipment is declared to comply with one of its recommendations. PREFACE This standard has been prepared by IEC Technical Committee No. 29: Electroacoustics . The text of this standard is based on the following documents: 29CO) 154 Six Months Rule 29( CO 1141 Full information

27、on the voting for the approval of this standard can be found in the Voting Report indicated in the above table. The following IEC publication is quoted in this standard: Publication No. 651 (1979): Sound level meters. Other pub1 ication quoted: IS0 Standard 266 (1975): Acoustics - Preferred frequenc

28、ies for measurements. -4- 1012 O CE1 FILTRES POUR LA MESURE DES SONS AUDIBLES EN PRESENCE DULTRASONS INTRODUCTION Les caractristiques de rponse frquentielle des sonotntres, donnes dans la CE1 651, ne sont pas spcifies au-del de 20 O00 Hz. Ces instruments ne conviennent donc pas pour mesurer lnergie

29、ultrasonore transmise par voie arienne et mise par exemple par les nettoyeurs, les machines-outils et les soudeuses ultrasons qui fonctionnent des frquences suprieures 20 O00 Hz. De plus, ces instruments ne permettent pas de mesurer la partie frquentielle audible du son mis par de tels quipements, t

30、ant donn que les ultrasons entraneront une augmentation de la lecture si la rponse en frquence du sonomtre considr stend jusqu la frquence de fonctionnement du dispositif ultrasons. Le bruit qui prsente habituellement de lintrt pour les quipements ultrasonores provient des sons audibles produits par

31、 le processus ultra- sonore mis en jeu, par exemple le bruit de cavitation qui est audible dans les nettoyeurs ultrasons. Pour obtenir des mesures reproductibles des sons audibles avec les sonomtres existants qui satisfont la CE1 651, le procd utilis dans la pratique consiste utiliser lappareil sur

32、sa gamme de pondration A, en association avec un filtre passe-bas qui prsente une coupure trs raide au-del de 20 O00 Hz. Lobjet de cette norme est de spcifier les caractristiques dun tel filtre passe-bas. Lorsque la caractristique du filtre est utilise avec la pondration A du sonomtre spcifie dans l

33、a CE1 651, les valeurs nominales qui en rsultent pour la rponse globale en frquence sont comprises dans les tolrances correspondant la classe I. Lorsquil est nkxessaire de mesurer les composantes de frquences ultra- sonores, le procd utilis dans la pratique consiste mesurer le niveau de pression aco

34、ustique non pondr, laide dun systme microphonique qui est connu pour avoir une rponse en frquence qui stend suffisam- ment loin, au moins par exemple jusqu la frquence de fonctionnement de lquipement ultrasonore. Un filtre bande passante troite ou un filtre de tiers doctave est habituellement incorp

35、or dans la chane de mesure. Cependant la prsente norme nest pas concerne par la mesure de telles composantes ni par les risques quelles pourraient ventuellement prsenter. 1. Domaine dapplication Cette norme spcifie les caractristiques lectriques dun filtre de pondration U, utiliser principalement av

36、ec les sonomtres satis- faisant aux prescriptions de la CE1 651 pour la mesure des sons audibles en prsence dultrasons. 1012 0 IEC -5- FILTERS FOR THE MEASUREMENT OF AUDIBLE SOUND IN THE PRESENCE OF ULTRASOUND INTRODUCTION The frequency response characteristics of sound level meters described in IEC

37、 651 are not specified above 20 O00 Hz. Consequently these instruments are not suitable for measuring the ultrasonic airborne energy emitted, for example, by ultrasonic cleaners, mechanical tools and welders which operate at frequencies above 20 O00 Hz. Moreover, these instruments are also unsuitabl

38、e for measuring the audio-frequency part of the sound emitted by such equipment, because the ultrasound will give rise to inflated readings if the frequency response of a particular sound level meter happens to extend to the operating frequency of the ultrasonic equipment . The noise which is usuall

39、y of interest with ultrasonic equipment arises from audible sounds produced by the ultrasonic process, for example, the cavitation noise which is audible in ultrasonic cleaners. To achieve repro- ducible measurements of the audible sound with existing sound level meters which comply with IEC 651, th

40、e practice is to use the A-weighting res- ponse in conjunction with a low-pass filter which has a very sharp cut-off above 20 O00 Hz. The purpose of this standard is to specify the charac- teristics of such a low-pass filter. When the filter characteristic is used with the sound level meter A-weight

41、- ing specified in IEC 651, the resulting nominal values of the overall frequency response fall within the scope of Type 1 tolerances. Where the measurement of the ultrasonic component frequencies is requir- ed, the practice is to measure the uriweighted sound pressure level iisiiig a microphone sys

42、tem which is known to have a frequency response extend- ing sufficiently, for example, to at least the operating frequency of the ultrasonic equipment. A narrow band or one-third octave band filter is usually included in the measuring chain. However, this standard is not concerned with the measureme

43、nt of such components, nor with any possible hazard from them. 1. Scope This standard specifies the electrical characteristics of a U-weighting filter mainly for use with sound level meters meeting the requirements of IEC 651 for the measurement of audible sound in the presence of ultrasound. -6- 10

44、12 O CE1 2. Caractristiques du filtre 2.1 Le filtre peut se prsenter comme un accessoire spar ou tre incorpor dans un sonomtre conventionnel. 2.2 La caractristique frquentielle du filtre doit tre dnomme “pon- dration U“. Lorsque le filtre est combin ave? la caractristique de pondra- tion A, la rpons

45、e globale doit tre dnomme “pondration AU“. La valeur nominale de la pondration AU est la somme des rponses rela- tives en frquence des pondrations A et U, exprimes en dcibels, et telles quelles sont spcifies respectivement dans la CE1 651 et dans la prsente norme. Aux frquences de 25 O00 Hz, 31 500

46、Hz et 40 O00 Hz, les valeurs de -50,O dB, -65,4 dB et -81,l dB doivent tre utilises comme les valeurs nominales de la pondration AU. Lorsquon fait tat du niveau de pression acoustique pondr, la pondration frquentielle “U“ ou “AU“ doit tre indique, selon le cas. 2.3 La rponse en frquence ainsi que le

47、s tolrances du filtre considr comme lment spar doivent tre conformes aux spcifications du tableau 1. Les emplacements des ples permettant dobtenir la caract- ristique frquentielle de ce filtre sont donns dans le tableau 2. Si le filtre est incorpor dans le sonomtre ou branch lextrieur de lappareil,

48、les tolrances donnes dans la CE1 651 (au tableau V) pour la rponse en champ libre rsultant des appareils de classe 1 sappliquent. Les tolrances globales pour les frquences de 25 O00 Hz, 31 500 Hz et 40 O00 Hz doivent tre +3, -Q dE3. 2.4 Si le filtre est aliment sur batteries, des moyens convenables doivent tre prvus pour pouvoir sassurer que la tension de la batterie est maintenue de faon que les caractristiques de fonction- nement du filtre restent lintrieur des tolrances spcifies. 3. Sensibilit aux divers environnements 3.1 Les effets

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