1、日本汽车标准_JASO T203-1985 英文版 摩托车轻合金车轮_JAPANESE AUTOMOBILE STANDARD JASO T 203-85 Light Alloy Wheels for Motorcycles 1. Scope 3. Types This Standard specifies light alloy wheels for motor- cycles (including motorcycles equipped with sidecars and motor driven cycles) (hereinafter referred to as light all
2、oy wheels). Remark: In this standard, units and numerical values are based on SI (International System of Units), while units and numerical values given in are customary units system, and are given for reference. The types of the light alloy wheels shall be as follows: Light alloy wheels of which th
3、e rims and spokes (or discs) are molded in single units. Light alloy wheels of which the rims are made of light alloy, and the spokes (or discs) of light alloy or steel; which are then assembled. Wire (1) Unit construction type (2) Composite construction type spoke type shall, however, be excluded.
4、2. Purpose This standard aims to establish and standardize the quality of light alloy wheels in order to ensure driving 4. Nomenclature of Each Part safety. The nomenclature of each part shall be pursuant to Fig. 1 (shown as an example). Applicable Standards: JASO C 603-80 JIS D 4203 JIS D 4215 JIS
5、H 0321 JIS H 0522 JIS H 4000 JIS H 4100 JIS H 4140 JIS H 4201 JIS H 4204 JIS H 5202 JIS H 5203 JIS H 5302 JIS H 5303 JIS Z 2343 Steel Disc Wheels for Automobiles Dimensions of Tires for Motorcycles and Scooters Rims for Motorcycles and Scooters General Rules for Inspection of Nonferrous Metal Materi
6、als Methods of Radiographic Test and Classification of Radiographs for Aluminium Castings Aluminium and Aluminium Alloy Sheets and Plates, Strip and Coiled Sheets Aluminium and Aluminium Alloy Extruded Shapes Aluminium and Aluminium Alloy Forgings Magnesium Alloy Sheet and Plate MagnesiumAlloy Extru
7、ded Shapes Aluminium Alloy Castings Magnesium Alloy Castings Aluminium Alloy Die Castings Magnesium Alloy Die Castings Methods for Liquid Penetrant Testing and Classification of Indication 1 JAS0 T 203-85 Fig. 1 Unit Construction Type 2 w Composite Construction Type of each part Rim diameter Valve h
8、ole JAS0 T 203-85 Lateral deflection 1 .o I 5. Performance 1.2 5.1 Durability Against Bending Moment After being subjected to at least IO5 cycles of the test according to 11.1, there shall be no evidence of harmful cracks, significant deformation or any abnor- mal looseness at joints. 5.2 Durability
9、 Against Radial Load After being subjected to at least 5x10 cycles of the test specified in 11.2, there shall be no evidence of harmful cracks, significant deformation or any abnor- mal looseness at joints of the light alloy wheel. 5.3. Impact Resistance After being subjected to the impact test in 1
10、1.3, there shall be no evidence of harmful cracks, significant deformation, any abnormal looseness at joints, or any sudden air leakage (l). Note: (I) Sudden air leakage shall mean the case when the case when the tire pressure drops by more than 50% in less than 30 sec. 5.4 Durability Against Tortio
11、nal Moment After being subjected to at least 10 cycles of the test according to 11.4, there shall be no evidence of harm- ful cracks, significant deformation or any abnormal looseness at joints. 5.5 Airtightness of Rims Regarding light alloy wheels for tubeless tires, pres- surized air supplied by t
12、he method described in 11.5 shall not leak out through the rim. 6. Dimensions 6.1 Profilesof Rims The dimensions of the profiles of the rims shall be pursuant to JIS D 4215 (Rims for Motorcycles and Scooters). 6.2 Circumference of Rim Bead Seats The circumferential dimensions of the rim bead seats s
13、hall be pursuant to JIS D 4215. 6.3 Deflections The maximum values of vertical and lateral deflections shall be as shown in Table. Table Unit: mm Com posi te Unit 7. Appearance (1) There shall be no cracks, pinholes, shrinkage cavities, scratches, etc. which may develop into harmful defects in terms
14、 of strength. (2) The tire mounting surface and the circum- ference of the valve hole of the rim shall not have such shapes and surface conditions as will harm the functions of the tire, tube, and valve. (3) Light alloy wheels for tubeless tires shall not have any defects, such as pinholes, which ar
15、e harmful for airtightness of the rims. 8. Materials The materials of the light alloy wheels shall be, in principle, pursuant to the following standards, and in cases of those made of magnesium alloy, rust proof- ing shall also be applied to the surfaces: JIS H 4000 (Aluminium and Aluminium Alloy Sh
16、eets and Plates, Strip and Coiled Sheets) or equivalents JIS H 4100 (Aluminium and Aluminium Alloy Extruded Shapes) or equivalents JIS H 4140 (Aluminium and Aluminium Alloy Forgings) or equivalents JIS H 4201 (Magnesium Alloy Sheet and Plate) or equivalents JIS H 4204 (Magnesium Alloy Extruded Shape
17、s) or equivalents JIS H 5202 (Aluminium Alloy Castings) or equi- valents JIS H 5203 (Magnesium Alloy Castings) or equi- valents JIS H 5302 (Aluminium Alloy Die Castings) or equivalents JIS H 5303 (Magnesium Alloy Die Castings) or eq uiva letn s 9. Heat Treatment Heat treatment shall be pursuant to t
18、he standards for materials prescribed in 8. 3 JAS0 T 203-85 IO. Mechanical Properties Mechanical properties shall be pursuant to the stand- ards for materials prescribed in 8. 11.1.3 Test Conditions The bending moment to be applied in 11.1.2 shall be determined by the following equation: M = Sm x p
19、x W x r Sm: Coefficient 0.7 p : Friction coefficient between tire and road 0.7 W : The maximum design load of any motorcycle tire which can be applied to the light alloy wheels concerned (pur- suant to JIS D 4203, etc.). In case of ensuring loads for a specific tire, W shall be the maximum design lo
20、ad of that tire. However, in the case when the wheel is restricted to limited vehicle (hereafter referred to as limited use), the maximum value of the static wheel reaction force of that vehicle shall be applicable. N (kgf) i- : In case of applying the maximum value of the maximum design load of the
21、 tire for motorcycles, the static loaded radius (pursuant to JIS D 4203, etc.) shall be applicable. In case of ensuring the load of a specific motorcycle tire, the static loading radius of the tire of the motor- cycle concerned shall be applicable. In case of a limited use, however, the maxi- mum va
22、lue of the static loading radius of the motorcycle tire designated to the vehicel may be applicable. m where, M : Bending moment Nam kgf-m 11. Tests I1 .I Rotation Bending Fatigue Test 11.1.1 Test Equipment The test equipment shall be so constructed that it is able to provide a constant bending mome
23、nt to the center of the light alloy wheel which rotates with a constant velocity. An example of such equipment is shown in Fig. 2. 1 1.1.2 Test Procedure The light alloy test wheel shall be fixed to a rotary disc of the tester at the wheel rim flange; a loading arm with sufficient rigidity shall be
24、attached to the wheel in the same method as the wheel is normally attached to a vehicle as shown in Fig. 2; and the wheel shall be rotated with a bending moment applied. Fig. 2 Fastening 4 JAS0 T 203-85 - 11 .I .4 Retest Retest shall be carried out in cases where abnormal changes occur in the test c
25、onditions. 11.2 Radiai Load Durability Test 11.2.1 Test Equipment The test equipment shall meet the following require- ments, Fig. 3. (11 (2) (3) 1 1.2.2 and an example of such equipment is shown in The test equipment shall have a drum with a smooth surface which is wider than the overall width of t
26、he tire used in the test of the light alloy wheel concerned. The drum specified in (1) shall be able to rotate at a constant velocity. The test equipment shall be constructed so that a radial load cannot be applied to the light alloy wheel with a tire attached and to push the wheel against the drum
27、specified in (1). Test Procedures 11.2.3 Test Condtions (1) (21 (31 (4) 11.2.4 Retest Radial Load The radial load to be applied in 11.2.2shall be pursuant to the following equation: Q=SrxW where, Q : Radial load N (kgf Sr : Coefficient 2.25 W : Tire Air Pressure (before the test) The air pressure sh
28、all be that corresponding to the design maximum load of the motorcycle tire to be used in the test. Tolerance for load fluctuation during the test (%) 5 5.0 In case of tire failure, the test may be con- tinued after replacing the tyre. Pursuant to the provision in 11.1.3 Pa (kgf/cm2 Retest shall be
29、carried out in cases where abnormal changes occur in the test conditions. The light alloy wheel, fitted with the tire to be applied there to, shall be attached to the test equipment according to the attaching method of the wheel to a vehicle, then the drum shall be rotated while applying the radial
30、load. Fig. 3 5 JAS0 T 203-85 11.3 Impact Test 11.3.1 Test Equipment The test equipment shall have the following conditions: (11 The equipment shall be so constructed that the light alloy wheel with a tire attached can be mounted on a stand having sufficient stiffness and strength, and a striker weig
31、ht made of steel can be dropped freely and strike the wheel. An example of such equipment is shown in Fig. 4. (2) The combined spring constant of two coil spring constant of two coil springs shall be 2942+98 N/cm 300?10 kgf/cm, and 100 mm stroke shall be provided for the auxiliary striker weight bef
32、ore it comes into contact with the main weight. r! 11.3.2 Test Procedures The light alloy wheel to be tested, being attached with the tire specified in 11.3.3, shall be mounted on the stand according to the attachment method to a vehicle; the relative positions shall be so determined that the center
33、s of the rim and the striker weight may be aligned (refer to Fig. 4); and the striker weight shall be dropped from the height of 150 mm. 11.3.3 Test Conditions (1) impact load By using the test equipment indicated in 11.3.1, the striker weight shall be dropped to apply the impact load. The total mas
34、s of the striker weight shall be pursuant to the following equation: Fig. 4 1 Quick-release mechanism I/ 6 JAS0 T 203-85 W ml +m2 = Kn 11.4 Torsion Test where, Y rnl+m2: Total mass of striker weight (kg) ml : The mass of main striker weight +2% (kg) m2 : The mass of auxiliary striker weight 40 +- 2
35、kg W : Pursuant to the provisions of 11.1.3 K : Coefficient In case W is the max. value of the In case W is that of a limited use (including the mass of the springs) max. design load 1.5 Front wheel 2.5 Rear wheel 1.5 In case W is that of a specific tire 2 .o g : Gravitation acceleration 9.8 (m/s2)
36、The air pressure of tires shall be pursuant to the following equation: (2) Tire air pressure to the maximum design load of X 112.78 f 9.8 kPa The air pressure corresponding the tire to be used in the test Remark: In the case of customary units system the air pressure shall be as follows: to the maxi
37、mum design load of x 1.15 f 0.1 kgf/cm2) The air pressure corresponding the tire to be used in the test Fig. 5 11.4.1 Test Equipment The test equipment shall be so constructed that a cer- tain torsional moment can be applied to the center of the light alloy wheel with a certain load cycle. An exampl
38、e of such equipment is shown in Fig. 5. 11.4.2 Test Procedures The flange of the light alloy wheel rim shall be fixed onto the support, and torsional moment shall be applied repeatedly through the contact surface of the hub. 11.4.3 Test Conditions The torsional moment to be applied in 11.4.2 shall b
39、e pursuant to the following equation: T=+Wxr where, T : Torsional moment N-m kgf-m W : Pursuant to the provisions of 11.1.3 r : Pursuant to the provisions of 11.1.3 1 i .4.4 Retest Retest shall be carried out in cases where abnormal changes occur in the test conditions. Repeating load l 7 JASO T 203
40、-85 11.5 Air Leak Test 11.5.1 Test Equipment An example of the test equipment in shown in Fig. 6. Fig. 6 Packing Pressurized air inlet 11.5.2 Test Procedures Both sides of the flange shall be tightly closed by the pressure plates, and the pressurized air shall be supplied to the inside of the light
41、alloy wheel in order to con- firm the airtightness of the rim. 11.5.3 Test Conditions The air pressure shall be 294.2 kPa (3 kgf/cm2) or more. 12. Inspections 12.1 Inspection of Performance The performance shall be confirmed on its conformity with the provision of 5. 12.2 Inspection of Dimensions Th
42、e dimensions shall be confirmed on their conformity with the provision of 6. The measurement of deflection shall be pursuant to JASO C 603 (Steel Disc Wheels for Automobiles). 1 Light alloy wheel 12.3 Inspection of Appearance The appearance shall be confirmed on its conformity with the provision of
43、7. Further, there shall be no omissions nor uncertainty in the items to be indicated as prescribed in 13. 12.4 Inspection of Materials The inspection shall be conducted in accordance with JIS H 0321 (General Rules for Inspection of Non- ferrous Metal Materials). 12.5 Nondestructive Inspection In add
44、ition to conforming with 12.1, when tested by JIS H 0522 (Methods of Radiographic Test and Classi- fication of Radiographs for Aluminium Castings) and JIS 2 2343 (Methods for Liquid Penetrant Testing and Classification of Indication) or the equivalent test methods that can guarantee quality, there s
45、hall be no evidence of harmful defects such as blow holes, poro- sities, shrinkage cavities, inclusions or cracks. 8 JAS0 T 203-85 13. Indications The contents prescribed in the following items shall be indicated by casting or stamping at a location on the wheel that can be easily identified even wh
46、en it is attached to a vehicle: Nominal of the rims. Example: 1.85 x 18 or 18 x 1.85 The name of trademark of the wheel manu- facturer. In case of guaranteering the load of a specific motorcycle tire, the nominal or the maximum design load of the motorcycle tire. Example: 4.00 H 18-4PR or MAX. 2745.
47、7 In case of a limited use, the marks representing such vehicles. Manufactured year and month shall be indi- cated by numerals or abbreviations. For the light alloy wheels for tubeless tires the indication shall be as follows: TUBELESS, TUBELESS TIRE APPLICABLE or SUITABLE FOR TUBELESS TIRES N I280
48、kgf 9 JASO T 203-85 Explanatory Note on JASO T 203-85 Light Alloy Wheels for Motorcycles Introduction In recent years various light alloy wheels have been used for motorcycles. Since the wheels are the vital parts for driving safety, standardization of the light alloy wheels is strongly desired so t
49、hat their sound production may be ensured on the basis of a exact quality standard and their functions be fully exhibited. (The numbers of the items are the same with those of the Text.) 3. Types Although some composite construction type wheels consisting of steel rims and light alloy spokes (or hubs) are sold on market, this Standard adopts only those with the rims made of light alloy, since the rim portion is important as a strength member of the wheel for motorcycles. It must be also noted that some of composite construction type wheels have patent r
