1、 IEC 61331-1 Edition 2.0 2014-05 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD NORME INTERNATIONALE Protective devices against diagnostic medical X-radiation Part 1: Determination of attenuation properties of materials Dispositifs de protection radiologique contre les rayonnements X pour diagnostic mdical Partie 1: Dtermi
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20、gnostic medical X-radiation Part 1: Determination of attenuation properties of materials Dispositifs de protection radiologique contre les rayonnements X pour diagnostic mdical Partie 1: Dtermination des proprits dattnuation des matriaux INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION COMMISSION ELECTROTE
21、CHNIQUE INTERNATIONALE T ICS 11.040.50 PRICE CODE CODE PRIX ISBN 978-2-8322-1562-3 Registered trademark of the International Electrotechnical Commission Marque dpose de la Commission Electrotechnique Internationale Warning! Make sure that you obtained this publication from an authorized distributor.
22、 Attention! Veuillez vous assurer que vous avez obtenu cette publication via un distributeur agr. 2 IEC 61331-1:2014 IEC 2014 CONTENTS FOREWORD . 4 1 Scope 6 2 Normative references 6 3 Terms and definitions 7 4 Methods to determine the ATTENUATION RATIO 7 4.1 General 7 4.2 NARROW BEAM CONDITION 7 4.
23、2.1 General description 7 4.2.2 AIR KERMA RATE measurements . 7 4.2.3 RADIATION QUALITIES and RADIATION DETECTOR . 8 4.2.4 Signal to noise condition . 9 4.2.5 ATTENUATION RATIO evaluation. 10 4.3 BROAD BEAM CONDITION . 10 4.3.1 General description 10 4.3.2 AIR KERMA RATE measurements . 10 4.3.3 RADI
24、ATION QUALITIES and RADIATION DETECTOR . 10 4.3.4 Signal to noise condition . 11 4.3.5 ATTENUATION RATIO evaluation . 12 4.4 Inverse BROAD BEAM CONDITION . 12 4.4.1 General description 12 4.4.2 AIR KERMA RATE measurements . 12 4.4.3 RADIATION QUALITIES and RADIATION DETECTOR . 13 4.4.4 Signal to noi
25、se condition . 14 4.4.5 ATTENUATION RATIO evaluation . 14 4.5 Calculation of the ATTENUATION RATIO for photon-emitting radionuclides . 14 4.5.1 Equation . 14 4.5.2 Decay data . 14 4.5.3 Mass ATTENUATION and mass energy-absorption coefficients 14 4.5.4 Verification of the mass- ATTENUATION COEFFICIEN
26、TS of the test material 15 5 Determination of ATTENUATION properties . 16 5.1 ATTENUATION RATIO . 16 5.1.1 Determination . 16 5.1.2 Indication 16 5.2 BUILD-UP FACTOR . 16 5.2.1 Determination . 16 5.2.2 Indication 16 5.3 ATTENUATION EQUIVALENT 16 5.3.1 Determination . 16 5.3.2 Indication 17 5.4 LEAD
27、EQUIVALENT 17 5.4.1 Determination . 17 5.4.2 Indication 17 5.5 LEAD EQUIVALENT class for a SPECIFIED range of RADIATION QUALITIES 17 5.5.1 Materials. 17 5.5.2 Standard thicknesses . 17 IEC 61331-1:2014 IEC 2014 3 5.5.3 Conditions for assignment to a LEAD EQUIVALENT class 17 5.5.4 Indication 18 5.6 H
28、omogeneity 18 5.6.1 Determination . 18 5.6.2 Indication 18 6 Statement of compliance . 18 Annex A (informative) Tables of ATTENUATION RATIOS, BUILD-UP FACTORS and first HALF- VALUE LAYERS 19 Bibliography 24 Index of defined terms used in this International Standard 25 Figure 1 NARROW BEAM CONDITION
29、9 Figure 2 BROAD BEAM CONDITION . 11 Figure 3 Inverse BROAD BEAM CONDITION . 13 Table 1 Standard RADIATION QUALITIES for X-RAY BEAMS 15 Table 2 Standard gamma RADIATION QUALITIES according to ISO 4037-1 . 16 Table A.1 ATTENUATION RATIOS F Nof lead thicknesses from 0,125 mm to 2 mm calculated for RAD
30、IATION QUALITIES of Table 1 according to the formula given in 4.5.4 20 Table A.2 BUILD-UP FACTOR B measured for RADIATION QUALITIES of Table 1 according to the formula given in 5.2.1 for lead thicknesses 0,25 mm, 0,35 mm and 0,50 mm . 21 Table A.3 ATTENUATION RATIOS F Nof lead thicknesses from 0,125
31、 mm to 7 mm calculated for RADIATION QUALITIES of Tables 1 and 2 according to the formula given in 4.5.4 . 21 Table A.4 First HALF-VALUE LAYERS in mm Al of RADIATION QUALITIES of Table 1 as a function of additional lead filters of different thicknesses in the range from 0,125 mm to 2 mm 22 Table A.5
32、 First HALF-VALUE LAYERS in mm Cu of RADIATION QUALITIES of Table 1 as a function of additional lead filters of different thicknesses in the range from 0,125 mm to 4 mm 23 4 IEC 61331-1:2014 IEC 2014 INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION _ PROTECTIVE DEVICES AGAINST DIAGNOSTIC MEDICAL X-RADIATIO
33、N Part 1: Determination of attenuation properties of materials FOREWORD 1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote international
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41、 No liability shall attach to IEC or its directors, employees, servants or agents including individual experts and members of its technical committees and IEC National Committees for any personal injury, property damage or other damage of any nature whatsoever, whether direct or indirect, or for cos
42、ts (including legal fees) and expenses arising out of the publication, use of, or reliance upon, this IEC Publication or any other IEC Publications. 8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is indispensable for the correct applic
43、ation of this publication. 9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. International Standard IEC 61331-1 has been prepared by subcommi
44、ttee 62B: Diagnostic imaging equipment, of IEC technical committee 62: Electrical equipment in medical practice. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition of IEC 61331-1, published in 1994. It constitutes a technical revision. This second edition has been adapted to apply to the pre
45、sent technology. In particular, this second edition is consistently applicable to lead- and non-lead-containing materials. The essential changes and extensions are: extension of the scope to cover photon-emitting radionuclides; improved methods to determine the ATTENUATION RATIO; addition of the so-
46、called inverse BROAD BEAM CONDITION; addition of a method to calculate the ATTENUATION RATIO of photon-emitting radionuclides; definition of new standard X- and gamma RADIATION QUALITIES used for testing; addition of the so-called LEAD EQUIVALENT class; IEC 61331-1:2014 IEC 2014 5 tables of ATTENUAT
47、ION RATIOS, BUILD-UP FACTORS and first HALF-VALUE LAYERS for the standard RADIATION QUALITIES filtered with different thicknesses of lead. The text of this standard is based on the following documents: FDIS Report on voting 62B/936/FDIS 62B/942/RVD Full information on the voting for the approval of
48、this standard can be found in the report on voting indicated in the above table. This publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. In this standard, the following print types are used: requirements and definitions: roman type;. informative material appearing outsid
49、e of tables, such as notes, examples and references: in smaller type. Normative text of tables is also in a smaller type; TERMS DEFINED IN CLAUSE 3 OF THIS STANDARD OR AS NOTED: SMALL CAPS. The verbal forms used in this standard conform to usage described in Annex H of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. For the purposes of this standard, the auxiliary verb: “shall” means that compliance with a requirement or
