1、 IEC 61675-2 Edition 2.0 2015-08 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD NORME INTERNATIONALE Radionuclide imaging devices Characteristics and test conditions Part 2: Gamma cameras for planar, wholebody, and SPECT imaging Dispositifs dimagerie par radionuclides Caractristiques et conditions dessai Partie 2: Gamma-ca
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20、Radionuclide imaging devices Characteristics and test conditions Part 2: Gamma cameras for planar, wholebody, and SPECT imaging Dispositifs dimagerie par radionuclides Caractristiques et conditions dessai Partie 2: Gamma-camras pour limagerie planaire, limagerie du corps entier et limagerie SPECT IN
21、TERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION COMMISSION ELECTROTECHNIQUE INTERNATIONALE ICS 11.040.50 ISBN 978-2-8322-2819-7 Registered trademark of the International Electrotechnical Commission Marque dpose de la Commission Electrotechnique Internationale Warning! Make sure that you obtained this public
22、ation from an authorized distributor. Attention! Veuillez vous assurer que vous avez obtenu cette publication via un distributeur agr. 2 IEC 61675-2:2015 IEC 2015 CONTENTS FOREWORD . 4 INTRODUCTION . 6 1 Scope 7 2 Normative references . 7 3 Terms and definitions. 7 4 Test methods . 15 4.1 General .
23、15 4.2 Planar imaging 16 4.2.1 SYSTEM SENSITIVITY 16 4.2.2 SPATIAL RESOLUTION . 18 4.2.3 SPATIAL NON-LINEARITY 24 4.2.4 NON-UNIFORMITY OF RESPONSE 25 4.2.5 INTRINSIC ENERGY RESOLUTION . 28 4.2.6 Intrinsic MULTIPLE WINDOW SPATIAL REGISTRATION 29 4.2.7 COUNT RATE performance . 31 4.2.8 Shield leakage
24、test . 33 4.3 Wholebody imaging . 33 4.3.1 Scanning constancy . 33 4.3.2 SPATIAL RESOLUTION without scatter 36 4.4 Tomographic imaging (SPECT) . 37 4.4.1 Test of PROJECTION geometry . 37 4.4.2 Measurement of SPECT SYSTEM SENSITIVITY . 41 4.4.3 Scatter measurement . 44 4.4.4 SPECT SYSTEM SPATIAL RESO
25、LUTION . 48 4.4.5 Tomographic image quality . 50 5 Accompanying documents 57 5.1 General . 57 5.2 General parameters for GAMMA CAMERAS 58 5.2.1 COLLIMATORS 58 5.2.2 Shield leakage values 58 5.2.3 Pre-set PULSE AMPLITUDE ANALYSER WINDOWS 58 5.2.4 INTRINSIC ENERGY RESOLUTION . 58 5.2.5 COLLIMATOR depe
26、ndent quantities . 58 5.2.6 COUNT RATE CHARACTERISTICS . 58 5.2.7 Measured COUNT RATE that is 80 % of the corresponding TRUE COUNT RATE 58 5.2.8 Dimensions of the DETECTOR FIELD OF VIEW . 58 5.2.9 Non-uniformity characteristics 58 5.2.10 INTRINSIC SPATIAL RESOLUTION (FWHM and EW) of the DETECTOR HEA
27、D without COLLIMATOR 58 5.2.11 INTRINSIC SPATIAL NON-LINEARITY . 58 5.2.12 Intrinsic MULTIPLE WINDOW SPATIAL REGISTRATION 59 5.3 GAMMA CAMERA based wholebody imaging system . 59 5.3.1 Scanning constancy . 59 5.3.2 SPATIAL RESOLUTION . 59 5.4 SPECT 59 IEC 61675-2:2015 IEC 2015 3 5.4.1 Calibration mea
28、surements of COR . 59 5.4.2 Measurement of head tilt 59 5.4.3 Measurement of COLLIMATOR hole misalignment 59 5.4.4 TRANSVERSE RESOLUTION (radial and tangential) 59 5.4.5 AXIAL RESOLUTION . 59 5.4.6 Axial PIXEL size 59 5.4.7 Transaxial PIXEL size 59 5.4.8 DETECTOR POSITIONING TIME 59 5.4.9 NORMALIZED
29、 VOLUME SENSITIVITY . 59 5.4.10 SCATTER FRACTIONS SF iand SF 59 5.4.11 Scan set up and phantom ACTIVITY concentration 59 5.4.12 Image quality . 59 5.4.13 Accuracy of ATTENUATION correction and scatter correction . 59 5.4.14 Accuracy of SPECT and CT image registration . 59 Index of defined terms . 60
30、 Bibliography 62 Figure 1 Geometry of PROJECTIONS . 9 Figure 2 Cylindrical phantom 14 Figure 3 Cuvette . 17 Figure 4 Slit phantom . 19 Figure 5 Source arrangement for intrinsic measurements . 20 Figure 6 Calculation of FWHM 22 Figure 7 Evaluation of equivalent width (EW) 23 Figure 8 Uniform source .
31、 26 Figure 9 Small shielded liquid source 29 Figure 10 Source positions for scanning constancy for wholebody imaging 35 Figure 11 Cylindrical phantom 43 Figure 12 Phantom insert with holders for the scatter source 45 Figure 13 Evaluation of scatter fraction . 47 Figure 14 Reporting transverse resolu
32、tion . 49 Figure 15 Cross-section of body phantom . 51 Figure 16 Phantom insert with hollow spheres 52 Figure 17 Placement of ROIs in the phantom background . 55 Table 1 RADIONUCLIDES and ENERGY WINDOWS to be used for performance measurements 16 4 IEC 61675-2:2015 IEC 2015 INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHN
33、ICAL COMMISSION _ RADIONUCLIDE IMAGING DEVICES CHARACTERISTICS AND TEST CONDITIONS Part 2: Gamma cameras for planar, wholebody, and SPECT imaging FOREWORD 1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising all national electrotechnical c
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44、uch patent rights. International Standard IEC 61675-2 has been prepared by subcommittee 62C: Equipment for radiotherapy, nuclear medicine and radiation dosimetry, of IEC technical committee 62: Electrical equipment in medical practice. This second edition of IEC 61675-2 cancels and replaces the firs
45、t edition published in 1998 and its Amendment 1 published in 2004, as well as IEC 60789:2005, IEC 60789:2005/COR1:2009, and IEC 61675-3:1998. It has been reformatted, updated, and partly aligned with NEMA NU 1- 2007. Due to the lack of market share of SPECT-systems operated in coincidence mode all s
46、uch tests have been removed. IEC 61675-2:2015 IEC 2015 5 The text of this standard is based on the following documents: FDIS Report on voting 62C/616/FDIS 62C/623/RVD Full information on the voting for the approval of this standard can be found in the report on voting indicated in the above table. T
47、his publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. In this standard, the following print types are used: TERMS DEFINED IN CLAUSE 2 OF THIS STANDARD OR LISTED IN THE INDEX OF DEFINED TERMS: SMALL CAPITALS. The requirements are followed by specifications for the releva
48、nt tests. Annex A is for information only. The committee has decided that the contents of this publication will remain unchanged until the stability date indicated on the IEC website under “http:/webstore.iec.ch“ in the data related to the specific publication. At this date, the publication will be
49、reconfirmed, withdrawn, replaced by a revised edition, or amended. 6 IEC 61675-2:2015 IEC 2015 INTRODUCTION The test methods specified in this part of IEC 61675 have been selected to reflect as much as possible the clinical use of GAMMA CAMERAS for planar imaging, PLANAR WHOLEBODY IMAGING EQUIPMENT, and SINGLE PHOTON EMISSION COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY (SPECT). It is intended that the test
