1、 IEC 61936-1Edition 2.0 2010-08INTERNATIONAL STANDARD NORME INTERNATIONALEPower installations exceeding 1 kV a.c. Part 1: Common rules Installations lectriques en courant alternatif de puissance suprieure 1 kV Partie 1: Rgles communes IEC61936-1:2010 colourinsideTHIS PUBLICATION IS COPYRIGHT PROTECT
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16、ch Tl.: +41 22 919 02 11 Fax: +41 22 919 03 00 IEC 61936-1Edition 2.0 2010-08INTERNATIONAL STANDARD NORME INTERNATIONALEPower installations exceeding 1 kV a.c. Part 1: Common rules Installations lectriques en courant alternatif de puissance suprieure 1 kV Partie 1: Rgles communes INTERNATIONAL ELECT
17、ROTECHNICAL COMMISSION COMMISSION ELECTROTECHNIQUE INTERNATIONALE XDICS 29.020; 29.080.01 PRICE CODECODE PRIXISBN 978-2-88912-099-4 Registered trademark of the International Electrotechnical Commission Marque dpose de la Commission Electrotechnique Internationale colourinside 2 61936-1 IEC:2010 CONT
18、ENTS FOREWORD.7 INTRODUCTION.10 1 Scope.11 2 Normative references12 3 Terms and definitions .14 3.1 General definitions.14 3.2 Definitions concerning installations 16 3.3 Definitions concerning types of installations .17 3.4 Definitions concerning safety measures against electric shock .17 3.5 Defin
19、itions concerning clearances18 3.6 Definitions concerning control and protection .19 3.7 Definitions concerning earthing 19 4 Fundamental requirements .23 4.1 General .23 4.1.1 General requirements 23 4.1.2 Agreements between supplier (manufacturer) and user 24 4.2 Electrical requirements 25 4.2.1 M
20、ethods of neutral earthing25 4.2.2 Voltage classification .25 4.2.3 Current in normal operation25 4.2.4 Short-circuit current .25 4.2.5 Rated frequency 26 4.2.6 Corona 26 4.2.7 Electric and magnetic fields .26 4.2.8 Overvoltages .26 4.2.9 Harmonics .27 4.3 Mechanical requirements .27 4.3.1 Equipment
21、 and supporting structures .27 4.3.2 Tension load27 4.3.3 Erection load .27 4.3.4 Ice load .28 4.3.5 Wind load 28 4.3.6 Switching forces 28 4.3.7 Short-circuit forces.28 4.3.8 Loss of conductor tension 28 4.3.9 Vibration28 4.3.10 Dimensioning of supporting structures28 4.4 Climatic and environmental
22、 conditions .28 4.4.1 General .28 4.4.2 Normal conditions 29 4.4.3 Special conditions30 4.5 Special requirements .31 4.5.1 Effects of small animals and micro-organisms31 4.5.2 Noise level.31 4.5.3 Transport.31 5 Insulation32 5.1 General .32 61936-1 IEC:2010 3 5.2 Selection of insulation level32 5.2.
23、1 Consideration of methods of neutral earthing .32 5.2.2 Consideration of rated withstand voltages 32 5.3 Verification of withstand values32 5.4 Minimum clearances of live parts .33 5.4.1 General .33 5.4.2 Minimum clearances in voltage range I.33 5.4.3 Minimum clearances in voltage range II33 5.5 Mi
24、nimum clearances between parts under special conditions .35 5.6 Tested connection zones .36 6 Equipment 36 6.1 General requirements 36 6.1.1 Selection .36 6.1.2 Compliance .36 6.1.3 Personnel safety36 6.2 Specific requirements 36 6.2.1 Switching devices 36 6.2.2 Power transformers and reactors .37 6
25、2.3 Prefabricated type-tested switchgear38 6.2.4 Instrument transformers.38 6.2.5 Surge arresters39 6.2.6 Capacitors .39 6.2.7 Line traps 39 6.2.8 Insulators.39 6.2.9 Insulated cables.39 6.2.10 Conductors and accessories 42 6.2.11 Rotating electrical machines 42 6.2.12 Generating units 43 6.2.13 Ge
26、nerating unit main connections 43 6.2.14 Static converters43 6.2.15 Fuses 44 6.2.16 Electrical and mechanical Interlocking44 7 Installations 44 7.1 General requirements 44 7.1.1 Circuit arrangement .44 7.1.2 Documentation.45 7.1.3 Transport routes 45 7.1.4 Aisles and access areas 46 7.1.5 Lighting .
27、46 7.1.6 Operational safety46 7.1.7 Labelling46 7.2 Outdoor installations of open design 46 7.2.1 Protective barrier clearances47 7.2.2 Protective obstacle clearances.47 7.2.3 Boundary clearances .47 7.2.4 Minimum height over access area 47 7.2.5 Clearances to buildings48 7.2.6 External fences or wa
28、lls and access doors .48 7.3 Indoor installations of open design.48 4 61936-1 IEC:2010 7.4 Installation of prefabricated type-tested switchgear 49 7.4.1 General .49 7.4.2 Additional requirements for gas-insulated metal-enclosed switchgear .49 7.5 Requirements for buildings 51 7.5.1 Introduction .51
29、7.5.2 Structural provisions 51 7.5.3 Rooms for switchgear 52 7.5.4 Maintenance and operating areas 52 7.5.5 Doors 53 7.5.6 Draining of insulating liquids 53 7.5.7 Air conditioning and ventilation.53 7.5.8 Buildings which require special consideration .54 7.6 High voltage/low voltage prefabricated su
30、bstations.54 7.7 Electrical installations on mast, pole and tower 54 8 Safety measures.60 8.1 General .60 8.2 Protection against direct contact 60 8.2.1 Measures for protection against direct contact60 8.2.2 Protection requirements.61 8.3 Means to protect persons in case of indirect contact 62 8.4 M
31、eans to protect persons working on electrical installations .62 8.4.1 Equipment for isolating installations or apparatus .62 8.4.2 Devices to prevent reclosing of isolating devices 63 8.4.3 Devices for determining the de-energized state 63 8.4.4 Devices for earthing and short-circuiting.63 8.4.5 Equ
32、ipment acting as protective barriers against adjacent live parts.64 8.4.6 Storage of personal protection equipment 65 8.5 Protection from danger resulting from arc fault.65 8.6 Protection against direct lightning strokes 65 8.7 Protection against fire66 8.7.1 General .66 8.7.2 Transformers, reactors
33、 67 8.7.3 Cables.70 8.7.4 Other equipment with flammable liquid.70 8.8 Protection against leakage of insulating liquid and SF6.70 8.8.1 Insulating liquid leakage and subsoil water protection.70 8.8.2 SF6leakage.72 8.8.3 Failure with loss of SF6and its decomposition products .72 8.9 Identification an
34、d marking72 8.9.1 General .72 8.9.2 Information plates and warning plates 72 8.9.3 Electrical hazard warning .73 8.9.4 Installations with incorporated capacitors .73 8.9.5 Emergency signs for emergency exits 73 8.9.6 Cable identification marks73 9 Protection, control and auxiliary systems.78 9.1 Mon
35、itoring and control systems78 9.2 DC and AC supply circuits .79 9.2.1 General .79 61936-1 IEC:2010 5 9.2.2 AC supply79 9.2.3 DC supply80 9.3 Compressed air systems80 9.4 SF6gas handling plants.81 9.5 Hydrogen handling plants.81 9.6 Basic rules for electromagnetic compatibility of control systems .82
36、 9.6.1 General .82 9.6.2 Electrical noise sources in high voltage installations.82 9.6.3 Measures to be taken to reduce the effects of high frequency interference .82 9.6.4 Measures to be taken to reduce the effects of low frequency interference .83 9.6.5 Measures related to the selection of equipme
37、nt83 9.6.6 Other possible measures to reduce the effects of interference84 10 Earthing systems 84 10.1 General .84 10.2 Fundamental requirements 84 10.2.1 Safety criteria 84 10.2.2 Functional requirements.85 10.2.3 High and low voltage earthing systems.85 10.3 Design of earthing systems86 10.3.1 Gen
38、eral .86 10.3.2 Power system faults.87 10.3.3 Lightning and transients.87 10.4 Construction of earthing systems .88 10.5 Measurements.88 10.6 Maintainability88 10.6.1 Inspections 88 10.6.2 Measurements.88 11 Inspection and testing.89 11.1 General .89 11.2 Verification of specified performances90 11.
39、3 Tests during installation and commissioning.90 11.4 Trial running 90 12 Operation and maintenance manual 91 Annex A (normative) Values of rated insulation levels and minimum clearances based on current practice in some countries 92 Annex B (normative) Method of calculating permissible touch voltag
40、es .95 Annex C (normative) Permissible touch voltage according IEEE 80.96 Annex D (normative) Earthing system design flow chart.97 Annex E (informative) Protection measures against direct lightning strokes .97 Bibliography101 Figure 1 Protection against direct contact by protective barriers/protecti
41、ve obstacles within closed electrical operating areas .55 Figure 2 Boundary distances and minimum height at the external fence/wall .56 Figure 3 Minimum heights and working clearances within closed electrical operating areas 57 Figure 4 Approaches with buildings (within closed electrical operating a
42、reas)58 6 61936-1 IEC:2010 Figure 5 Minimum approach distance for transport59 Figure 6 Separating walls between transformers.74 Figure 7 Fire protection between transformer and building 75 Figure 8 Sump with integrated catchment tank76 Figure 9 Sump with separate catchment tank76 Figure 10 Sump with
43、 integrated common catchment tank77 Figure 11 Example for small transformers without gravel layer and catchment tank.77 Figure 12 Permissible touch voltage UTp.89 Figure C.1 Permissible touch voltage UTpaccording IEEE 8096 Figure E.1 Single shield wire 99 Figure E.2 Two shield wires99 Figure E.3 Sin
44、gle lightning rod100 Figure E.4 Two lightning rods .100 Table 1 Minimum clearances in air Voltage range I (1 kV 245 kV) 34 Table 3 Guide values for outdoor transformer clearances .68 Table 4 Minimum requirements for the installation of indoor transformers .69 Table 5 Minimum requirements for interco
45、nnection of low-voltage and high-voltage earthing systems based on EPR limits.86 Table A.1 Values of rated insulation levels and minimum clearances in air for 1 kV 245 kV for highest voltages for installation Umnot standardized by IEC based on current practice in some countries.94 61936-1 IEC:2010 7
46、 INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION _ POWER INSTALLATIONS EXCEEDING 1 kV AC Part 1: Common rules FOREWORD 1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The o
47、bject of IEC is to promote international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To this end and in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications, Technical Reports, Publicly Available Specifica
48、tions (PAS) and Guides (hereafter referred to as “IEC Publication(s)”). Their preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested in the subject dealt with may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non-governmental organizations lia
49、ising with the IEC also participate in this preparation. IEC collaborates closely with the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by agreement between the two organizations. 2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects
