1、 IEC 62280 Edition 1.0 2014-02 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD NORME INTERNATIONALE Railway applications Communication, signalling and processing systems Safety related communication in transmission systems Applications ferroviaires Systmes de signalisation, de tlcommunication et de traitement Communication
2、de scurit dans les systmes de transmission IEC 62280:2014-02(EN-FR) THIS PUBLICATION IS COPYRIGHT PROTECTED Copyright 2014 IEC, Geneva, Switzerland All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or me
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19、37, 77, 86 et CISPR de lIEC. Service Clients - webstore.iec.ch/csc Si vous dsirez nous donner des commentaires sur cette publication ou si vous avez des questions contactez-nous: csciec.ch. IEC 62280 Edition 1.0 2014-02 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD NORME INTERNATIONALE Railway applications Communication,
20、signalling and processing systems Safety related communication in transmission systems Applications ferroviaires Systmes de signalisation, de tlcommunication et de traitement Communication de scurit dans les systmes de transmission INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION COMMISSION ELECTROTECHNIQU
21、E INTERNATIONALE XB ICS 45.060 PRICE CODE CODE PRIX ISBN 978-2-8322-1383-4 Registered trademark of the International Electrotechnical Commission Marque dpose de la Commission Electrotechnique Internationale Warning! Make sure that you obtained this publication from an authorized distributor. Attenti
22、on! Veuillez vous assurer que vous avez obtenu cette publication via un distributeur agr. 2 62280 IEC:2014 CONTENTS FOREWORD . 5 INTRODUCTION . 7 1 Scope 8 2 Normative references . 9 3 Terms, definitions and abbreviations 9 3.1 Terms and definitions . 9 3.2 Abbreviations . 14 4 Reference architectur
23、e . 15 5 Threats to the transmission system 18 6 Classification of transmission systems . 19 6.1 General 19 6.2 General aspects of classification 19 6.3 Criteria for the classification of transmission systems . 19 6.3.1 Criteria for Category 1 transmission systems . 19 6.3.2 Criteria for Category 2
24、transmission systems . 20 6.3.3 Criteria for Category 3 transmission systems . 20 6.4 Relationship between transmission systems and threats . 20 7 Requirements for defences 20 7.1 General 20 7.2 General requirements . 21 7.3 Specific defences . 22 7.3.1 General 22 7.3.2 Sequence number . 23 7.3.3 Ti
25、me stamp . 23 7.3.4 Time-out . 23 7.3.5 Source and destination identifiers 24 7.3.6 Feedback message . 25 7.3.7 Identification procedure . 25 7.3.8 Safety code . 26 7.3.9 Cryptographic techniques 27 7.4 Applicability of defences . 28 7.4.1 General 28 7.4.2 Threats/defences matrix 29 7.4.3 Choice and
26、 use of safety code and cryptographic techniques . 29 Annex A (informative) Threats on open transmission systems . 30 A.1 System view . 30 A.2 Derivation of the basic message errors . 31 A.3 Threats 32 A.3.1 General 32 A.3.2 Repetition . 33 A.3.3 Deletion 33 A.3.4 Insertion . 33 A.3.5 Re-sequencing
27、33 A.3.6 Corruption . 33 A.3.7 Delay 33 A.3.8 Masquerade 33 62280 IEC:2014 3 A.4 Possible approach for building a safety case 33 A.4.1 General 33 A.4.2 Structured methods for hazardous events identification . 34 A.4.3 Relationship hazardous events threats . 36 A.5 Summary . 37 Annex B (informative)
28、Categories of transmission systems . 39 B.1 Categories of transmission systems . 39 B.2 Relationship between the category of transmission systems and threats . 40 Annex C (informative) Guideline for defences . 42 C.1 Applications of time stamps 42 C.2 Choice and use of safety codes and cryptographic
29、 techniques 43 C.3 Safety code 48 C.3.1 General 48 C.3.2 Main block codes 48 C.3.3 Recommendations for the application of safety codes 50 C.3.4 Cryptographic techniques 50 C.4 Length of safety code . 51 C.5 Communication between safety related and non-safety related applications 54 Annex D (informat
30、ive) Guidelines for use of the standard 55 D.1 Procedure 55 D.1.1 General 55 D.1.2 Application 55 D.1.3 Hazard analysis 55 D.1.4 Risk reduction . 55 D.1.5 Allocation of SIL and quantitative targets . 55 D.1.6 Safety requirements specifications (SRS) 56 D.2 Example . 56 D.2.1 General 56 D.2.2 Applica
31、tion 56 D.2.3 Hazard analysis 56 D.2.4 Case 1 58 D.2.5 Case 2 59 Annex E (informative) Mapping from previous standards . 61 Bibliography 64 Figure 1 Reference architecture for safety related communication. 17 Figure 2 Cyclic transmission of messages 24 Figure 3 Bi-directional transmission of message
32、s . 24 Figure A.1 Hazard tree . 31 Figure A.2 Causes of threats 34 Figure C.1 Classification of safety related communication systems . 44 Figure C.2 Model of message representation within the transmission system (Type A0, A1) 45 Figure C.3 Use of a separate access protection layer . 46 Figure C.4 Mo
33、del of message representation within the transmission system (Type B0) 47 4 62280 IEC:2014 Figure C.5 Model of message representation within the transmission system (Type B1) 48 Figure C.6 Basic error model 51 Figure C.7 Communication between non-safety related and safety related applications . 54 F
34、igure D.1 Fault tree for the hazard “accident” 57 Figure D.2 Fault tree for case 1 58 Figure D.3 Fault tree for case 2 60 Table 1 Threats/defences matrix 29 Table A.1 Relationship between hazardous events and threats . 37 Table B.1 Categories of transmission systems 40 Table B.2 Threat/category rela
35、tionship 41 Table C.1 Assessment of the safety encoding mechanisms (see note) 50 Table E.1 Mapping from IEC 62280-1:2002 to IEC 62280 61 Table E.2 Mapping from IEC 62280-2:2002 to IEC 62280 62 62280 IEC:2014 5 INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION _ RAILWAY APPLICATIONS COMMUNICATION, SIGNALLING
36、 AND PROCESSING SYSTEMS SAFETY RELATED COMMUNICATION IN TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS FOREWORD 1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote
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46、correct application of this publication. 9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. International Standard IEC 62280 has been prepared
47、 by IEC technical committee 9: Electrical equipment and systems for railways. This standard is based on EN 50159. This standard cancels and replaces IEC 62280-1 (2002) and IEC 62280-2 (2002). See Annex E. The text of this standard is based on the following documents: FDIS Report on voting 9/1866A/FD
48、IS 9/1885/RVD Full information on the voting for the approval of this standard can be found in the report on voting indicated in the above table. 6 62280 IEC:2014 This publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The committee has decided that the contents of this
49、publication will remain unchanged until the stability date indicated on the IEC web site under “http:/webstore.iec.ch“ in the data related to the specific publication. At this date, the publication will be reconfirmed, withdrawn, replaced by a revised edition, or amended. 62280 IEC:2014 7 INTRODUCTION If a safety related electronic system involves the transfer of informatio
