1、TECHNICAL REPORT IECTR 61592 Second edition 2003-05 Household electrical appliances Guidelines for consumer panel testing Appareils lectrodomestiques Guide pour les essais avec utilisateurs Reference number IEC/TR 61592:2003(E)Publication numbering As from 1 January 1997 all IEC publications are iss
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8、2 919 03 00TECHNICAL REPORT IEC TR 61592 Second edition 2003-05 Household electrical appliances Guidelines for consumer panel testing Appareils lectrodomestiques Guide pour les essais avec utilisateurs PRICE CODE IEC 2003 Copyright - all rights reserved No part of this publication may be reproduced
9、or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from the publisher. International Electrotechnical Commission, 3, rue de Varemb, PO Box 131, CH-1211 Geneva 20, Switzerland Telephone: +41 22 919 02 11 Telefax: +41
10、22 919 03 00 E-mail: inmailiec.ch Web: www.iec.ch M For price, see current catalogue Commission Electrotechnique Internationale International Electrotechnical Commission 2 TR 61592 IEC:2003(E) CONTENTS FOREWORD 3 INTRODUCTION 5 1 Scope 6 2 Normative references. 6 3 Definitions . 6 4 Criteria 6 4.1 P
11、urpose of panel testing. 6 4.2 Panel testing leadership . 7 4.3 Characteristics of the panel 7 5 Testing principles.8 6 Questionnaire and scoring system . 8 7 Evaluation and presentation of the test results. 9 8 Connection with existing related guidelines or SMMP (Standard Methods of Measuring Perfo
12、rmance) 9 9 Panel testing ethics 10 10 Panel testing limitations10 Annex A (informative) Example of aspects that can be evaluated by panel testing 11 Bibliography12TR 61592 IEC:2003(E) 3 INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION _ HOUSEHOLD ELECTRICAL APPLIANCES GUIDELINES FOR CONSUMER PANEL TESTING
13、 FOREWORD 1) The IEC (International Electrotechnical Commission) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of the IEC is to promote international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization i
14、n the electrical and electronic fields. To this end and in addition to other activities, the IEC publishes International Standards. Their preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested in the subject dealt with may participate in this preparatory work. Intern
15、ational, governmental and non-governmental organizations liaising with the IEC also participate in this preparation. The IEC collaborates closely with the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by agreement between the two organizations. 2) The
16、formal decisions or agreements of the IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all interested National Committees. 3) The documents produced have the form of recommen
17、dations for international use and are published in the form of standards, technical specifications, technical reports or guides and they are accepted by the National Committees in that sense. 4) In order to promote international unification, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC Internation
18、al Standards transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional standards. Any divergence between the IEC Standard and the corresponding national or regional standard shall be clearly indicated in the latter. 5) The IEC provides no marking procedure to indicate its approval
19、and cannot be rendered responsible for any equipment declared to be in conformity with one of its standards. 6) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this technical report may be the subject of patent rights. The IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or a
20、ll such patent rights. The main task of IEC technical committees is to prepare International Standards. However, a technical committee may propose the publication of a technical report when it has collected data of a different kind from that which is normally published as an International Standard,
21、for example “state of the art”. IEC 61592, which is a technical report, has been prepared by IEC technical committee 59: Performance of household electrical appliances. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition published in 1996. It constitutes a revision mainly concerning ease of h
22、andling and needs of older persons and people with disabilities (ISO/IEC Guide 71). The text of this technical report is based on the following documents: Enquiry draft Report on voting 59/294/DTR 59/321/RVC Full information on the voting for the approval of this technical report can be found in the
23、 report on voting indicated in the above table. This publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. 4 TR 61592 IEC:2003(E) The committee has decided that the contents of this publication will remain unchanged until 2006. At this date, the publication will be reconfir
24、med; withdrawn; replaced by a revised edition, or amended.TR 61592 IEC:2003(E) 5 INTRODUCTION Panel testing can be an important tool both for overall as well as partial evaluation of products, since the results directly reflect practical aspects which are of interest to the user. Panel testing shoul
25、d be used to complement technical tests and physical measurements, if any, which are often more abstract for the consumer. In general, panel testing can be used when technical tests are not considered sufficiently; an assessment of overall performance is needed; characteristics requiring a degree of
26、 human involvement have to be evaluated (e.g. handling, cleaning, ergonomic, instructions for use). These guidelines are to be used as a checklist in determining when and how to apply panel testing and how to avoid the most obvious pitfalls. Panel testing generally gives information at the time of t
27、he test. Comparison is possible with previous or parallel tests only when at least a reference sample and a particular methodology are used. 6 TR 61592 IEC:2003(E) HOUSEHOLD ELECTRICAL APPLIANCES GUIDELINES FOR CONSUMER PANEL TESTING 1 Scope This Technical Report applies to panel testing of househol
28、d electrical appliances within the scope of IEC technical committee 59: Performance of household electrical appliances. NOTE The provisions in this Standard can also be used to evaluate other kind of products. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the applic
29、ation of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO/IEC Guide 14, Product information for consumers ISO/IEC Guide 37, Instructions for use of products of consumer i
30、nterest ISO/IEC Guide 46, Comparative testing of consumer products and related services General principles ISO/IEC Guide 71, Guidelines for standards developers to address the needs of older persons and persons with disabilities ISO 8317, Child-resistant packaging Requirements and testing procedures
31、 for reclosable packages 3 Definitions For the purposes of this document, the following definition applies: 3.1 panel testing method of assessing aspects of a product, by means of a selected group of people who are asked to evaluate selected or overall aspects of the product NOTE 1 Examples of such
32、aspects are: function(s), handling, noise, cleaning and instructions for use. NOTE 2 A list of aspects that can be evaluated by panel testing is given for information in Annex A. 4 Criteria 4.1 Purpose of panel testing Panel testing is easier when the panel can compare products. In any case, the pur
33、pose of the type of panel test to be performed (comparative testing, evaluation of only one product type, evaluation of experimental designs, etc.) and the statistical method to be used have to be stated before starting any panel testing. For reasons of continuity, to allow a better evaluation of th
34、e evolution of products, it may be useful to include as reference for the actual panel testing products tested by a previous panel.TR 61592 IEC:2003(E) 7 Since panel testing can be used for overall as well as for partial evaluation, data analysis of the results is possible with significant results o
35、nly when the statistical method has been chosen before the panel testing is performed. This allows for optimisation of panel size and costs. Statistical methods require a predetermination of the hypothesis and then checking it by panel testing. 4.2 Panel testing leadership The carrying out of panel
36、testing and the reliability of the test results largely depend on the panel test leadership. The panel test leader shall set up the panel test. Specifically he shall take care of the composition and characteristics of the panel, training of panel members (when necessary) and the test results evaluat
37、ion system. Panel testing should be directed by (a) qualified person(s) who should be competent in the fields listed below, either by direct experience or by consulting outside experts if needed: knowledge of all the relevant panel testing and statistical methods and how to combine them according to
38、 circumstances; knowledge of how to conduct interviews and how to guide the panel members without influencing them in any way; at least basic knowledge of the physiology of the senses, perception and psychology. The design of the test should consider all the age ranges and the ergonomic features of
39、these ages and consult the assistance of an ergonomist or other experts in preparing the tests. The panel testing leader should not be personally involved in the design, production or marketing of the products under evaluation. 4.3 Characteristics of the panel The composition of the panel and the nu
40、mber of panel members should correspond to the purpose and required significance of the results. In the selection of the panel membership, the following aspects are to be considered. a) The composition of the panel should cover the intended and probable users of the product, taking into account age;
41、 sex; physical ability; presence and type of disabilities/handicaps; age impairment (e.g. poor memory, arthritis, etc.); left or right handedness; knowledge, experience and competence; previous acquaintance with, or lack of knowledge about similar products; social/economic categories; level of educa
42、tion and language ability, including intellectual impairments. b) In principle panel members should be potential users and their knowledge should not be superior to that of an experienced user. 8 TR 61592 IEC:2003(E) c) If sensory evaluation is involved (e.g. for food or food preparation machines or
43、 espresso coffee makers) it may be necessary to have a panel of trained persons. d) Panels composed of experts in (a) special function(s)/characteristic(s) may be used in some cases to evaluate specific characteristics/products. e) Panel members should have a positive attitude vis-vis the characteri
44、stic(s)/function(s) to be tested. f) Prior acquaintance with the product or its function(s) can be necessary. g) In principle, the panel should not be selected from the staff of a company that is involved with the products under testing or a similar specific group of people. If this is nevertheless
45、the case, a wide representation of users has to be ensured and care has to be taken to avoid biasing effects 5 Testing principles Relevant testing conditions (such as environment, input, loading and setting of accessories) as well as whether the test was carried out in a laboratory or in a household
46、 environment, has to be previously decided upon by the panel leader. These conditions should be recorded in detail and be presented with the results. The number of samples per panel member shall be limited in order to prevent fatigue and transfer of skills. If necessary, the panel members shall have
47、 the possibility of becoming acquainted with the products and relevant instruction material, before the actual test. Care has to be taken that all panel members get equal opportunity to become familiar with each product. Each panel member has to have direct access to the products and relevant instru
48、ctions for use. Depending on the objectives of the assessment, and in case of products normally supplied with an instruction booklet, the panel-testing leader has to decide if the panel members is to rely only on the instructions for use, or whether further guidance for using the products is necessa
49、ry. The conditions under which products are tested should correspond to day-to-day or typical operation, in order to avoid artificial situations. 6 Questionnaire and scoring system The results can be collected by observation, by interview, by questionnaire or by other suitable means. Questionnaires shall be worded very carefully to ensure their neutrality and allow the checking of reliability, etc. In establishing a que
