1、 IEC 60318-4Edition 1.0 2010-01INTERNATIONAL STANDARD NORME INTERNATIONALEElectroacoustics Simulators of human head and ear Part 4: Occluded-ear simulator for the measurement of earphones coupled to the ear by means of ear inserts lectroacoustique Simulateurs de tte et doreille humaines Partie 4: Si
2、mulateur doreille occluse pour la mesure des couteurs coupls loreille par des embouts IEC60318-4:2010 THIS PUBLICATION IS COPYRIGHT PROTECTED Copyright 2010 IEC, Geneva, Switzerland All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form
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16、r des commentaires sur cette publication ou si vous avez des questions, visitez le FAQ du Service clients ou contactez-nous: Email: csciec.ch Tl.: +41 22 919 02 11 Fax: +41 22 919 03 00 IEC 60318-4Edition 1.0 2010-01INTERNATIONAL STANDARD NORME INTERNATIONALEElectroacoustics Simulators of human head
17、 and ear Part 4: Occluded-ear simulator for the measurement of earphones coupled to the ear by means of ear inserts lectroacoustique Simulateurs de tte et doreille humaines Partie 4: Simulateur doreille occluse pour la mesure des couteurs coupls loreille par des embouts INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICA
18、L COMMISSION COMMISSION ELECTROTECHNIQUE INTERNATIONALE RICS 17.140.50 PRICE CODECODE PRIXISBN 2-8318-1076-6 Registered trademark of the International Electrotechnical Commission Marque dpose de la Commission Electrotechnique Internationale 2 60318-4 IEC:2010 CONTENTS FOREWORD.3 1 Scope.5 2 Normativ
19、e references .5 3 Terms and definitions .5 4 Construction.7 4.1 General .7 4.2 Principal cavity dimensions .7 4.3 Calibrated pressure-type microphone 7 4.4 Pressure equalization8 4.5 Acoustic transfer impedance level .8 4.6 Example of design.8 5 Calibration9 5.1 Atmospheric reference conditions9 5.2
20、 Calibration method 9 6 Coupling of earphones and hearing aids to the occluded-ear simulator.9 6.1 Audiometers with insert earphones9 6.2 In-the-ear hearing aids (custom made) 9 6.3 Hearing aids with insert earphone .10 6.4 Behind-the-ear and spectacle hearing aids11 6.5 Modular in-the-ear hearing a
21、ids.12 7 Maximum permitted expanded uncertainty of measurements 14 Annex A (informative) Example of one specific design of occluded-ear simulator .16 Annex B (informative) Principle of calibration for the occluded-ear simulator17 Bibliography19 Figure 1 Connection of an in-the-ear hearing aid to the
22、 occluded-ear simulator .10 Figure 2 Connection of an insert earphone to the occluded-ear simulator 11 Figure 3 Connection of a behind-the-ear hearing aid to the occluded-ear simulator.13 Figure 4 Connection of an in-the-ear hearing aid (modular type) to the occluded-ear simulator.14 Figure A.1 Exam
23、ple of one specific design of occluded-ear simulator.16 Table 1 Level of the acoustic transfer impedance modulus and associated tolerances .8 Table 2 Values of maximum permitted expanded uncertainty Umaxfor basic type approval measurements15 Table B.1 Sound pressure level relative to that at the ref
24、erence frequency 500 Hz (Lp(f) Lp(500) for the nominal effective volume (1 260 mm3) of the occluded-ear simulator, and associated tolerances 18 60318-4 IEC:2010 3 INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION _ ELECTROACOUSTICS SIMULATORS OF HUMAN HEAD AND EAR Part 4: Occluded-ear simulator for the meas
25、urement of earphones coupled to the ear by means of ear inserts FOREWORD 1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote international
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35、ation of this publication. 9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. International Standard IEC 60318-4 has been prepared by IEC tech
36、nical committee 29: Electroacoustics. This first edition of IEC 60318-4 cancels and replaces IEC 60711, published in 1981 and constitutes a technical revision. The main changes with respect to the previous edition are listed below: extension of the usable frequency range to 100 Hz 16 000 Hz; additio
37、n of values of maximum permitted expanded uncertainties to all tolerances. 4 60318-4 IEC:2010 The text of this standard is based on the following documents: Enquiry draft Report on voting 29/662/CDV 29/685/RVC Full information on the voting for the approval of this standard can be found in the repor
38、t on voting indicated in the above table. This publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. A list of all parts of the IEC 60318 series can be found on the IEC website under the title: Electroacoustics Simulators of human head and ear. The committee has decided tha
39、t the contents of this publication will remain unchanged until the maintenance result dateindicated on the IEC web site under “http:/webstore.iec.ch“ in the data related to the specific publication. At this date, the publication will be reconfirmed, withdrawn, replaced by a revised edition, or amend
40、ed. 60318-4 IEC:2010 5 ELECTROACOUSTICS SIMULATORS OF HUMAN HEAD AND EAR Part 4: Occluded-ear simulator for the measurement of earphones coupled to the ear by means of ear inserts 1 Scope This part of IEC 60318 describes an occluded-ear simulator intended for the measurement of insert earphones in t
41、he frequency range from 100 Hz to 10 000 Hz. It is suitable for air conduction hearing aids and earphones, coupled to the ear by means of ear inserts e.g. ear moulds or similar devices. The occluded-ear simulator is also suitable as the basis for an extension intended to simulate the complete ear ca
42、nal and the outer ear (for instance in head simulators). The occluded-ear simulator simulates the acoustic transfer impedance for the occluded normal adult human ear. However, it does not simulate the leakage between an earmould and a human ear canal; therefore, the results obtained with the occlude
43、d-ear simulator may deviate from the performance of an insert earphone on a real ear, especially at low frequencies. Moreover, large performance variations among individual ears will occur which should be considered when using the ear simulator. Above 10 kHz the device does not simulate a human ear,
44、 but can be used as an acoustic coupler at additional frequencies up to 16 kHz. Below 100 Hz, the device has not been verified to simulate a human ear, but can be used as an acoustic coupler at additional frequencies down to 20 Hz. NOTE Due to resonances in the acoustic transfer impedance of the occ
45、luded-ear simulator above 10 kHz, high measurement uncertainties, e.g. in the order of 10 dB, can occur in earphone responses. Repeatable results mainly are obtained for insert earphones with high acoustic damping (used for instance in the extended high-frequency audiometry, see the earphones listed
46、 in ISO 389-6)31coupled to the occluded-ear simulator by means of a simple, symmetrically designed and air tight coupling device. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. Fo
47、r undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. IEC 61094-4, Measurement microphones Part 4: Specifications for working standard microphones ISO/IEC Guide 98-3, Uncertainty of measurement Part 3: Guide to the expression of uncertainty in measur
48、ement (GUM:1995) 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. _ 1Figures in square brackets refer to the Bibliography. 6 60318-4 IEC:2010 3.1 ear insert device used to provide the acoustic coupling between an earphone and the ear canal (e.g. a
49、n earmould or a similar device with or without a connecting tube) 3.2 insert earphone small earphone coupled to the ear canal by means of an ear insert or attached to a connecting element which is inserted into the ear canal NOTE This ear insert may be a part of the insert earphone. 3.3 ear-mould simulator ear insert simulator insert which terminates the entrance of
