1、NORME INTERNATIONALE CEI IEC INTERNATIONAL STANDARD 61578 Premiredition Firstedition 199708 Instrumentationpourlaradioprotection Etalonnageetcontrledelefficacitde lacompensationradondesinstruments demesuredesarosolsradioactifsmetteurs alphaet/oubtaMthodesdessais Radiationprotectioninstrumentation Ca
2、librationandverificationoftheeffectiveness ofradoncompensationforalphaand/orbeta aerosolmeasuringinstrumentsTestmethods Numroderfrence Referencenumber CEI/IEC61578:1997Numrosdespublications Depuisle1erjanvier1997,lespublicationsdelaCEI sontnumrotespartirde60000. Publicationsconsolides Lesversionscon
3、solidesdecertainespublicationsde laCEIincorporantlesamendementssontdisponibles. Parexemple,lesnumrosddition1.0,1.1et1.2 indiquentrespectivementlapublicationdebase,la publicationdebaseincorporantlamendement1,etla publicationdebaseincorporantlesamendements1 et2. Validitdelaprsentepublication Lecontenu
4、techniquedespublicationsdelaCEIest constammentrevuparlaCEIafinquilreflteltat actueldelatechnique. Desrenseignementsrelatifsladatede reconfirmationdelapublicationsontdisponiblesdans leCataloguedelaCEI. Lesrenseignementsrelatifscesrvisions,ltablis sementdesditionsrvisesetauxamendements peuventtreobten
5、usauprsdesComitsnationauxde laCEIetdanslesdocumentscidessous: BulletindelaCEI AnnuairedelaCEI Accsenligne* CataloguedespublicationsdelaCEI Publiannuellementetmisjourrgulirement (Accsenligne)* Terminologie,symbolesgraphiques etlittraux Encequiconcernelaterminologiegnrale,lelecteur sereporteralaCEI600
6、50: VocabulaireElectro techniqueInternational (VEI). Pourlessymbolesgraphiques,lessymboleslittraux etlessignesdusagegnralapprouvsparlaCEI,le lecteurconsulteralaCEI60027: Symboleslittraux utiliserenlectrotechnique,laCEI60417:Symboles graphiquesutilisablessurlematriel.Index,relevet compilationdesfeuil
7、lesindividuelles, etlaCEI60617: Symbolesgraphiquespourschmas. PublicationsdelaCEItabliespar lemmecomitdtudes Lattentiondulecteurestattiresurleslistesfigurant lafindecettepublication,quinumrentles publicationsdelaCEIprparesparlecomit dtudesquiatablilaprsentepublication. * Voiradressesitewebsurlapaged
8、etitre. Numbering Asfromthe1stJanuary1997allIECpublicationsare issuedwithadesignationinthe60000series. Consolidatedpublications ConsolidatedversionsofsomeIECpublications includingamendmentsareavailable.Forexample, editionnumbers1.0,1.1and1.2refer,respectively,to thebasepublication,thebasepublication
9、 incorporatingamendment1andthebasepublication incorporatingamendments1and2. Validityofthispublication ThetechnicalcontentofIECpublicationsiskeptunder constantreviewbytheIEC,thusensuringthatthe contentreflectscurrenttechnology. Informationrelatingtothedateofthereconfirmationof thepublicationisavailab
10、leintheIECcatalogue. Informationontherevisionwork,theissueofrevised editionsandamendmentsmaybeobtainedfrom IEC NationalCommitteesandfromthefollowing IECsources: IECBulletin IECYearbook Onlineaccess* CatalogueofIECpublications Publishedyearlywithregularupdates (Onlineaccess)* Terminology,graphicaland
11、letter symbols Forgeneralterminology,readersarereferredto IEC60050:InternationalElectrotechnicalVocabulary (IEV). Forgraphicalsymbols,andlettersymbolsandsigns approvedbytheIECforgeneraluse,readersare referredtopublicationsIEC60027: Lettersymbolsto beusedinelectricaltechnology ,IEC60417: Graphical sy
12、mbolsforuseonequipment.Index,surveyand compilationofthesinglesheets andIEC60617: Graphicalsymbolsfordiagrams. IECpublicationspreparedbythesame technicalcommittee Theattentionofreadersisdrawntotheendpagesof thispublicationwhichlisttheIECpublicationsissued bythetechnicalcommitteewhichhaspreparedthe pr
13、esentpublication. * Seewebsiteaddressontitlepage.NORME INTERNATIONALE CEI IEC INTERNATIONAL STANDARD 61578 Premiredition Firstedition 199708 Instrumentationpourlaradioprotection Etalonnageetcontrledelefficacitde lacompensationradondesinstruments demesuredesarosolsradioactifsmetteurs alphaet/oubtaMth
14、odesdessais Radiationprotectioninstrumentation Calibrationandverificationoftheeffectiveness ofradoncompensationforalphaand/orbeta aerosolmeasuringinstrumentsTestmethods CommissionElectrotechniqueInternationale InternationalElectrotechnicalCommission Pourprix,voircatalogueenvigueur Forprice,seecurren
15、tcatalogue IEC1997Droitsdereproductionrservs Copyrightallrightsreserved Aucunepartiedecettepublicationnepeuttrereproduiteni utilisesous quelqueformequecesoitetparaucun procd,lectroniqueoumcanique,ycomprislaphoto copieetlesmicrofilms,sanslaccordcritdelditeur. Nopartofthispublicationmaybereproducedoru
16、t ilizedin anyformorbyanymeans,electronicormechanical, includingphotocopyingandmicrofilm,withoutpermissionin writingfromthepublisher. InternationalElectrotechnicalCommission 3,ruedeVarembGeneva,Switzerland Telefax:+41229190300 email:inmailiec.ch IECwebsitehttp:/www.iec.ch CODEPRIX PRICECODE V2 61578
17、CEI:1997 SOMMAIRE Pages AVANTPROPOS 4 INTRODUCTION . 6 Articles 1Gnralits. 8 1.1 Domainedapplicationetobjet . 8 1.2Dfinitions. 8 2Caractristiques. 10 2.1 Caractristiquesdesarosolsradioactifsartificiels 10 2.2 Caractristiquesdesarosolsradioactifsnaturels 12 3 Etalonnagedesvoiesdemesuredesarosolsradio
18、actifsartificiels 14 3.1 Principedemesure 14 3.2 Mesuredelarponseetprescriptions 30 4 Etalonnagedelavoiedemesuredesarosolsradioactifsnaturels 36 4.1 Principedemesure 36 4.2 Mesuredelarponseetprescriptions 40 5 Contrledelefficacitdelacompensationradon 44 5.1Principe de mesure 44 5.2 Mesureducoefficie
19、ntdinfluenceetprescriptions. 52 6 Mesuredelarponsedumoniteurrelativeunmlangedarosolsradioactifs naturelsetartificiels . 58 6.1 Principedemesure 58 6.2 Mesuredesrponsesetprescriptions 58 AnnexeABibliographie. 6261578IEC:1997 3 CONTENTS Page FOREWORD. 5 INTRODUCTION . 7 Clause 1General 9 1.1Scopeandob
20、ject 9 1.2Definitions 9 2Characteristics. 11 2.1Radioactiveartificialaerosols 11 2.2Naturalradonaerosols 13 3 Calibrationofthemeasuringchannelsofradioactiveartificialaerosols 15 3.1Measurementprinciple 15 3.2Measurementoftheresponseandrequirements . 31 4 Calibrationofthemeasuringchannelofradioactive
21、naturalaerosols . 37 4.1Measurementprinciple 37 4.2Measurementoftheresponseandrequirements . 40 5 Verificationoftheeffectivenessofradoncompensation 45 5.1Measurementprinciple 45 5.2Measurementoftheinfluencecoefficientandrequirements. 53 6 Measurementoftheresponseofthemonitorrelativetoamixtureofnatur
22、al andartificialradioactiveaerosols 59 6.1Measurementprinciple 59 6.2Measurementoftheresponseandrequirements . 59 AnnexABibliography 634 61578CEI:1997 COMMISSIONLECTROTECHNIQUEINTERNATIONALE _ INSTRUMENTATIONPOURLARADIOPROTECTION TALONNAGEETCONTRLEDELEFFICACITDELACOMPENSATION RADONDESINSTRUMENTSDEME
23、SUREDESAROSOLSRADIOACTIFS METTEURSALPHAET/OUBTA MTHODESDESSAIS AVANTPROPOS 1) LaCEI(CommissionElectrotechniqueInternationale)estuneorganisationmondialedenormalisationcompose delensembledescomitslectrotechniquesnationaux(ComitsnationauxdelaCEI).LaCEIapourobjetde favoriserlacooprationinternationalepou
24、rtouteslesquestionsdenormalisationdanslesdomainesde llectricitetdellectronique.Aceteffet,laCEI,entreautresactivits,publiedesNormesinternationales. Leurlaborationestconfiedescomitsdtudes,auxtravauxdesquelstoutComitnationalintressparle sujettraitpeutparticiper.Lesorganisationsinternationales,gouvernem
25、entalesetnongouvernementales,en liaisonaveclaCEI,participentgalementauxtravaux.LaCEIcollaboretroitementaveclOrganisation InternationaledeNormalisation(ISO),selondesconditionsfixesparaccordentrelesdeuxorganisations. 2) LesdcisionsouaccordsofficielsdelaCEIconcernantlesquestionstechniquesreprsentent,da
26、nslamesure dupossibleunaccordinternationalsurlessujetstudis,tantdonnquelesComitsnationauxintresss sontreprsentsdanschaquecomitdtudes. 3) Lesdocumentsproduitsseprsententsouslaformederecommandationsinternationales.Ilssontpublis commenormes,rapportstechniquesouguidesetagrscommetelsparlesComitsnationaux
27、. 4) Danslebutdencouragerlunificationinternationale,lesComitsnationauxdelaCEIsengagentappliquerde faontransparente,danstoutelamesurepossible,lesNormesinternationalesdelaCEIdansleursnormes nationalesetrgionales.ToutedivergenceentrelanormedelaCEIetlanormenationaleourgionale correspondantedoittreindiqu
28、eentermesclairsdanscettedernire. 5) LaCEInafixaucuneprocdureconcernantlemarquagecommeindicationdapprobationetsaresponsabilit nestpasengagequandunmatrielestdclarconformelunedesesnormes. 6) LattentionestattiresurlefaitquecertainsdeslmentsdelaprsenteNormeinternationalepeuventfaire lobjetdedroitsdepropr
29、itintellectuelleoudedroitsanalogues.LaCEInesauraittretenuepour responsabledenepasavoiridentifidetelsdroitsdepropritetdenepasavoirsignalleurexistence. LaNormeinternationaleCEI61578attablieparlesouscomit45B:Instrumentationpour laradioprotection,duComitdtudes45delaCEI:Instrumentationnuclaire. Letextede
30、laprsentenormeestissudesdocumentssuivants: FDIS Rapportdevote 45B/191/FDIS 45B/214/RVD Lerapportdevoteindiqudansletableaucidessusdonnetouteinformationsurlevoteayant aboutilapprobationdecettenorme. LannexeAestdonneuniquementtitredinformation.61578IEC:1997 5 INTERNATIONALELECTROTECHNICALCOMMISSION _ R
31、ADIATIONPROTECTIONINSTRUMENTATION CALIBRATIONANDVERIFICATIONOFTHEEFFECTIVENESS OFRADONCOMPENSATIONFORALPHAAND/ORBETA AEROSOLMEASURINGINSTRUMENTS TESTMETHODS FOREWORD 1) TheIEC(InternationalElectrotechnicalCommission)isaworldwideorganizationforstandardizationcomprising allnationalelectrotechnicalcomm
32、ittees(IECNationalCommittees).TheobjectoftheIECistopromote internationalcooperationonallquestionsconcerningstandardizationintheelectricalandelectronicfields.To thisendandinadditiontootheractivities,theIECpublishesInternationalStandards.Theirpreparationis entrustedtotechnicalcommittees;anyIECNational
33、Committeeinterestedinthesubjectdealtwithmay participateinthispreparatorywork.International,governmentalandnongovernmentalorganizationsliaising withtheIECalsoparticipateinthispreparation.TheIECcollaboratescloselywiththeInternationalOrganization forStandardization(ISO)inaccordancewithconditionsdetermi
34、nedbyagreementbetweenthetwo organizations. 2) TheformaldecisionsoragreementsoftheIEContechnicalmattersexpress,asnearlyaspossible,an internationalconsensusofopinionontherelevantsubjectssinceeachtechnicalcommitteehasrepresentation fromallinterestedNationalCommittees. 3) Thedocumentsproducedhavetheform
35、ofrecommendationsforinternationaluseandarepublishedintheform ofstandards,technicalreportsorguidesandtheyareacceptedbytheNationalCommitteesinthatsense. 4) Inordertopromoteinternationalunification,IECNationalCommitteesundertaketoapplyIECInternational Standardstransparentlytothemaximumextentpossibleint
36、heirnationalandregionalstandards.Any divergencebetweentheIECStandardandthecorrespondingnationalorregionalstandardshallbeclearly indicatedinthelatter. 5) TheIECprovidesnomarkingproceduretoindicateitsapprovalandcannotberenderedresponsibleforany equipmentdeclaredtobeinconformitywithoneofitsstandards. 6
37、) AttentionisdrawntothepossibilitythatsomeoftheelementsofthisInternationalStandardmaybethesubject ofpatentrights.TheIECshallnotbeheldresponsibleforidentifyinganyorallsuchpatentrights. InternationalStandardIEC61578hasbeenpreparedbysubcommittee45B:Radiation protectioninstrumentation,ofIECtechnicalcomm
38、ittee45:Nuclearinstrumentation. Thetextofthisstandardisbasedonthefollowingdocuments: FDIS Reportonvoting 45B/191/FDIS 45B/214/RVD Fullinformationonthevotingfortheapprovalofthisstandardcanbefoundinthereportof votingindicatedintheabovetable. AnnexAisforinformationonly.6 61578CEI:1997 INTRODUCTION Gnra
39、lement,lesinstrumentsdemesuredesarosolsradioactifssontconuspouraspirerde lairdanslatmosphreetcollecterlesarosolsquilcontientsurunmdiafiltrant.Ledtecteur placenfacedufiltrecomptelesparticulesalphaet/oubtamisesparlesarosolscollects. Parmicesarosolsonpeutdistinguer: ceuxquisontproduitsparlesinstallatio
40、nsnuclairesetquisontlobjetdelamesure;ils sontappelsarosolsradioactifsartificiels; ceuxquisontdusauxproduitsdefiliationduradonetquisontproduitsnaturellement. Lesinstrumentsquimesurentlesarosolsradioactifsartificielsminimisentlinfluencedes arosolsradioactifsnaturels,soitparunprocdphysique,soitparunsys
41、tmedetraitement dusignal. Ilsdonnentunelecturedelaconcentrationenactivitdesradionuclidesartificielsetrejettent autantquilsestpossiblelinfluencedesradionuclidesnaturels. Dansbeaucoupdecas,ilsralisentaussiunemesuredelaconcentrationenactivitdes arosolsradioactifsnaturels.61578IEC:1997 7 INTRODUCTION Ge
42、nerally,instrumentswhichmeasureradioactiveaerosolsaredesignedtopumpairintothe atmosphereandtotraptheaerosolsonaretainingmedium.Thedetectorfacingtheretaining mediumcountsalphaand/orbetaparticlesemittedbythecollectedaerosols.Amongcollected aerosols,oneneedstodistinguish: thosewhichareproducedinnuclearfacilitiesandwhicharethesubjectofthe measurement;theyarereferredtoasradioactiveartificialaerosols; thosewhichareduetoradondaughtersandwhichareproducednaturally. Instrumentswhichmeasureradioact
