1、 IEC 62150-4 Edition 1.0 2009-11 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD Fibre optic active components and devices Test and measurement procedures Part 4: Relative intensity noise using a time-domain optical detection system IEC 62150-4:2009(E) colour inside THIS PUBLICATION IS COPYRIGHT PROTECTED Copyright 2009 IEC
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9、 Edition 1.0 2009-11 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD Fibre optic active components and devices Test and measurement procedures Part 4: Relative intensity noise using a time-domain optical detection system INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION N ICS 33.180.20 PRICE CODE ISBN 2-8318-1969-5 Registered trade
10、mark of the International Electrotechnical Commission colour inside 2 62150-4 IEC:2009(E) CONTENTS FOREWORD.3 INTRODUCTION.5 1 Scope.6 2 Normative references6 3 Terms, definitions and abbreviations.7 3.1 Terms and definitions 7 3.2 Abbreviations.7 4 Apparatus.8 4.1 General .8 4.2 Time-domain detecti
11、on system.8 4.3 Polarization controller 8 4.4 Optical coupler 9 4.5 Variable optical attenuator .9 4.6 Fixed reflector .9 4.7 Modulation source .9 4.8 Low-pass filter .9 5 Test procedure .9 5.1 Return loss calibration (optional)9 5.2 RIN measurement Direct method 9 5.2.1 General .9 5.2.2 Procedure10
12、 5.3 RIN OMAmeasurement Direct method11 5.3.1 General .11 5.3.2 Procedure11 5.4 RIN and RIN OMAmeasurement Using signal processing .11 5.4.1 General .11 5.4.2 Procedure11 6 Test results 12 Annex A (informative) Background on laser intensity noise .13 Bibliography14 Figure 1 Equipment setup for RIN m
13、easurement .8 Figure 2 Diagram for measuring RIN and RIN OMA .10 62150-4 IEC:2009(E) 3 INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION _ FIBRE OPTIC ACTIVE COMPONENTS AND DEVICES TEST AND MEASUREMENT PROCEDURES Part 4: Relative intensity noise using a time-domain optical detection system FOREWORD 1) The I
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23、r reliance upon, this IEC Publication or any other IEC Publications. 8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is indispensable for the correct application of this publication. International Standard IEC 62150-4 has been prepared
24、by subcommittee 86C: Fibre optic systems and active devices, of IEC technical committee 86: Fibre optics. The text of this standard is based on the following documents: FDIS Report on voting 86C/918/FDIS 86C/931/RVD Full information on the voting for the approval of this standard can be found in the
25、 report on voting indicated in the above table. This publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. 4 62150-4 IEC:2009(E) A list of all the parts in the IEC 62150 series, under the general title Fibre optic active components and devices Test and measurement procedure
26、s, can be found on the IEC website. The committee has decided that the contents of this publication will remain unchanged until the maintenance result date indicated on the IEC web site under “http:/webstore.iec.ch“ in the data related to the specific publication. At this date, the publication will
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28、tion using a colour printer. 62150-4 IEC:2009(E) 5 INTRODUCTION Laser intensity noise can be one of the limiting factors in the transmission of analogue or digital signals. It can reduce the signal-to-noise ratio and increase the bit error rate, therefore degrading system performance. Laser intensit
29、y noise can vary significantly depending on the properties of the laser and back reflections. In order to optimize communication links, it is essential to accurately characterize the laser intensity noise, compare it with the signal strength, and if necessary allow an appropriate power budget. Atten
30、tion is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) draws attention to the fact that it is claimed that co
31、mpliance with this document may involve the use of a patent concerning the FFT method for separating noise and deterministic signals given in 5.4.2. IEC takes no position concerning the evidence, validity and scope of this patent right. The holder of this patent right has assured the IEC that he/she
32、 is willing to negotiate licences under reasonable and non-discriminatory terms and conditions with applicants throughout the world. In this respect, the statement of the holder of this patent right is registered with IEC. Information may be obtained from: Agilent Technologies 1400 Fountain Grove Pa
33、rkway Santa Rosa, CA 95404 Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights other than those identified above. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. 6 62150-4 IEC:2009(E) FIBRE OPTIC ACTIVE
34、 COMPONENTS AND DEVICES TEST AND MEASUREMENT PROCEDURES Part 4: Relative intensity noise using a time-domain optical detection system 1 Scope This part of IEC 62150 specifies test and measurement procedures for relative intensity noise (RIN). It applies to lasers, laser transmitters, and the transmi
35、tter portion of transceivers. This procedure examines whether the device or module satisfies the appropriate performance specification. The procedure is applicable to single longitudinal mode (SLM). An optional section of the procedure presents a controlled return loss to the device-under-test, but
36、is only applicable to devices coupled to SMF. The method described in this standard, using a time-domain detection system, provides a single value for RIN that averages the noise over the transmission bandwidth. The measurement is made on a modulated laser capturing the RIN value under normal operat
37、ing conditions. It also measures RIN OMA , an alternative definition, as described in IEEE 802.3-2005. An alternative RIN measurement method uses a photoreceiver and electrical spectrum analyzer and provides RIN vs. electrical frequency. This method provides a RIN value averaged over particular elec
38、trical band determined by a filter. For a filter bandwidth and characteristic that duplicates the filtering in a transmission system, this technique provides a result that is appropriate to determine the noise for such a system. This method is based on the measurement of total intensity noise includ
39、ing and does attempt to subtract the effects of thermal and shot noise. Background on laser intensity noise is given in Annex A. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
40、 undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. IEC 61280-2-2, Fibre optic communication subsystem test procedures Part 2-2: Digital systems Optical eye pattern, waveform and extinction ratio measurement IEC 61300-3-6, Fibre optic interconnectin
41、g devices and passive components Basic test and measurement procedures Part 3-6: Examinations and measurements Return loss IEC 62007-2, Semiconductor optoelectronic devices for fibre optic system applications Part 2: Measuring methods IEEE 802.3 TM -2005, Carrier sense multiple access with collision
42、 detection (CSMA/CD) access method and physical layer specifications ITU-T Recommendation G.957, Optical interfaces for equipments and systems relating to the synchronous digital hierarchy 62150-4 IEC:2009(E) 7 3 Terms, definitions and abbreviations For the purposes of this document, the following t
43、erms, definitions and abbreviations apply. 3.1 Terms and definitions 3.1.1 intersymbol interference distortion of the received signal, which is manifested in the temporal spreading and consequent overlap of individual pulses to the degree that the receiver cannot reliably distinguish between changes
44、 of state, i.e., between individual signal elements 3.1.2 optical modulation amplitude difference of the power in the “1” level to the power in the “0” level on a digital transmission signal 3.1.3 relative intensity noise ratio of the mean-square optical intensity fluctuations over a specified frequ
45、ency range, normalized to a 1-Hz bandwidth, to the square of the average optical power N N B P P RIN 2 1 2 = 2OMA dB OMA RIN RIN 10 log 10 ) ( = (2) 3.2 Abbreviations FFT fast Fourier transform ISI inter-symbol interference MPI multipath interference OMA optical modulation amplitude PRBS pseudo-rand
46、om binary sequence RIN relative intensity noise SLM single longitudinal mode SMF single mode fibre VOA variable optical attenuator 8 62150-4 IEC:2009(E) 4 Apparatus 4.1 General The primary components of the measurement system are shown in Figure 1. The controlled return loss subsystem consists of a
47、polarization controller, single-mode coupler, variable optical attenuator and fixed reflector. This clause is required to present a variable return loss to the transmitter-under-test and is only applicable to devices coupled to single-mode fibre. The modulation source enables digital modulation for
48、the laser transmitter and a trigger for the time-domain detection system. Details of the elements are given in the following subclauses. 4.2 Time-domain detection system The time-domain optical detection system displays the intensity of the optical waveform as a function of time. The optical detecti
49、on system is comprised primarily of an optical-to-electrical (O/E) converter, a linear-phase low-pass filter and an oscilloscope. The detection system is shown in Figure 2 and a complete description of the equipment is given in IEC 61280-2-2. Included in this apparatus are means for calibration so that the dark current and frequency response of the photodetector are removed. Methods for calibrating the O/E converter are described in IEC 62007-2. The combined
