1、 IEC TR 62278-4 Edition 1.0 2016-12 TECHNICAL REPORT Railway applications Specification and demonstration of reliability, availability, maintainability and safety (RAMS) Part 4: RAM risk and RAM life cycle aspects IEC TR 62278-4:2016-12(en) THIS PUBLICATION IS COPYRIGHT PROTECTED Copyright 2016 IEC,
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11、on of reliability, availability, maintainability and safety (RAMS) Part 4: RAM risk and RAM life cycle aspects INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION ICS 45.060.01 ISBN 978-2-8322-3672-7 Registered trademark of the International Electrotechnical Commission Warning! Make sure that you obtained thi
12、s publication from an authorized distributor. 2 IEC TR 62278-4:2016 IEC 2016 CONTENTS FOREWORD . 3 INTRODUCTION . 5 1 Scope 6 2 Normative references 6 3 Terms, definitions and abbreviated terms 6 3.1 Terms and definitions 6 3.2 Abbreviated terms . 7 4 Railway RAM . 7 4.1 General . 7 4.2 RAM risk . 7
13、 4.2.1 RAM risk concept 7 4.2.2 RAM risk analysis 7 4.2.3 RAM risk evaluation and acceptance . 9 5 RAM life cycle . 11 5.1 General . 11 5.2 Requirements to be considered in phase 1 11 5.3 System requirements for RAM in phase 4 . 11 5.3.1 Objectives . 11 5.3.2 Inputs 11 5.3.3 Requirements 11 5.3.4 De
14、liverables 12 5.4 Requirements to be considered in phase 7 12 (informative) Examples of reliability, availability and maintainability Annex A parameters for railway applications . 13 (informative) Example of state transition diagram for IOCM . 15 Annex BFigure B.1 Model of state transition diagram 1
15、5 Table 1 Example of categories of frequency of occurrence of PIOCM events . 8 Table 2 Example of PIOCM severity levels . 8 Table 3 Example of frequency consequence matrix . 10 Table 4 Example of qualitative RAM risk categories . 10 Table 5 Example of RAM risk evaluation and acceptance. 10 Table A.1
16、 Examples of reliability parameters 13 Table A.2 Examples of availability parameters . 13 Table A.3 Examples of transportation service parameters 14 Table A.4 Examples of comfort service parameters 14 Table A.5 Examples of maintenance parameters 14 IEC TR 62278-4:2016 IEC 2016 3 INTERNATIONAL ELECTR
17、OTECHNICAL COMMISSION _ RAILWAY APPLICATIONS SPECIFICATION AND DEMONSTRATION OF RELIABILITY, AVAILABILITY, MAINTAINABILITY AND SAFETY (RAMS) Part 4: RAM risk and RAM life cycle aspects FOREWORD 1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization com
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29、shed as an International Standard, for example “state of the art“. IEC TR 62278-4, which is a technical report, has been prepared by IEC technical committee 9: Electrical equipment and systems for railways. The text of this technical report is based on the following documents: Enquiry draft Report o
30、n voting 9/2184/DTR 9/2204A/RVC Full information on the voting for the approval of this technical report can be found in the report on voting indicated in the above table. 4 IEC TR 62278-4:2016 IEC 2016 This document has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. A list of all p
31、arts in the IEC 62278 series, published under the general title Railway applications Specification and demonstration of reliability, availability, maintainabilty and safety (RAMS), can be found on the IEC website. The committee has decided that the contents of this document will remain unchanged unt
32、il the stability date indicated on the IEC website under “http:/webstore.iec.ch“ in the data related to the specific document. At this date, the document will be reconfirmed, withdrawn, replaced by a revised edition, or amended. A bilingual version of this publication may be issued at a later date.
33、IEC TR 62278-4:2016 IEC 2016 5 INTRODUCTION IEC 62278 series Railway applications Specification and demonstration of reliability, availability, maintainability and safety (RAMS) is issued for demonstration of the RAMS aspects. It is based on the European Norm EN 50126:1999 that was prepared by Techn
34、ical Committee CENELEC TC 9X: Electrical and electronic applications for railways. It was submitted to the National Committees for voting under the Fast Track Procedure. This standard is widely used for safety requirements for the safety within the railway field, with relevant safety standards for r
35、ailway applications such as IEC 62425 and IEC 62279. For rolling stock, the guidance on applying the RAM requirements in IEC 62278 is issued as IEC TR 62278-3, which is aimed at the customers/operators and main suppliers of rolling stock. The RAM aspects are important for the whole railway systems,
36、not limited to rolling stock. This means that the RAM aspects need to be elaborated upon in the current version of IEC 62278. IEC technical committee 9 set up Ad-hoc group 9 (AHG 9) with remit to study the possibilities to develop a Technical Report giving input in order to allow the introduction of
37、 RAM risk and RAM life cycle aspects in a future revision of EN 50126 by CENELEC TC 9X or of IEC 62278 by IEC TC 9. This technical report is the result of the study in AHG 9 in order to achieve suitable RAM aspects in the future version of IEC 62278. 6 IEC TR 62278-4:2016 IEC 2016 RAILWAY APPLICATIO
38、NS SPECIFICATION AND DEMONSTRATION OF RELIABILITY, AVAILABILITY, MAINTAINABILITY AND SAFETY (RAMS) Part 4: RAM risk and RAM life cycle aspects 1 Scope This part of IEC 62278 provides an idea for the expansion of the requirements relating only to RAM aspects in IEC 62278. This document is intended to
39、 be used as an input to the revision for the next edition of IEC 62278. This technical report is entirely informative in nature and does not contain normative aspects. This document details the idea by means of referring to and revising the related clauses of the current edition of IEC 62278. 2 Norm
40、ative references The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any a
41、mendments) applies. IEC 62278:2002, Railway applications Specification and demonstration of reliability, availability, maintainability and safety (RAMS) 3 Terms, definitions and abbreviated terms For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in IEC 62278 and the following apply.
42、 ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses: IEC Electropedia: available at http:/www.electropedia.org/ ISO Online browsing platform: available at http:/www.iso.org/obp 3.1 Terms and definitions 3.1.1 impact on operation, comfort or maintenanc
43、e IOCM combination of impact on operational capability, impact on passengers comfort or impact on maintenance Note 1 to entry: examples of IOCM can be: for operational capability: delay, cancelation, stop on the line, for passenger comfort: degradation or loss of passenger information, air condition
44、ing, lighting, for maintenance: failure without direct impact on operation or comfort, loss of diagnostic system. IEC TR 62278-4:2016 IEC 2016 7 3.1.2 potential impact on operation, comfort or maintenance PIOCM physical situation with a potential impact on operational capability, passengers comfort
45、or maintenance 3.1.3 PIOCM Log document in which all reliability, availability and maintainability management activities, PIOCM identified, decisions made and solutions adopted are recorded or referenced 3.1.4 RAM risk probable rate of occurrence of a PIOCM causing IOCM and the degree of severity of
46、 IOCM Note 1 to entry: See Annex B for an example of the relation between PIOCM and IOCM. 3.2 Abbreviated terms IOCM Impact on Operation, Comfort or Maintenance PIOCM Potential Impact on Operation, Comfort or Maintenance 4 Railway RAM 4.1 General This clause is about RAM risk. The purpose of this cl
47、ause is to show that descriptions after 4.2 are intended to be added to Clause 4 in IEC 62278:2002. The concepts, methods, tools and techniques (e.g. FMEA, FTA, etc.) described in IEC 62278 are considered also applicable for this document. 4.2 RAM risk 4.2.1 RAM risk concept The concept of RAM risk
48、is the combination of two elements: the probability of occurrence of an event or combination of events leading to a PIOCM, or the frequency of such occurrences; the consequence of the PIOCM. 4.2.2 RAM risk analysis 4.2.2.1 The bodies or entities in charge should choose whether RAM risk analysis is c
49、arried out. RAM risk analysis should be started at the phase 4, and then may need to be updated or repeated at several stages of the life cycle and should be documented by responsible and/or involved bodies or entities for these phases. The documentation should contain: a) analysis methodology; b) assumptions, limitations and justification of the methodology; c) PIOCM identification results; d) RAM risk estimation results and their confidence levels; e) results
