1、Manual of Petroleum Measurement Standards Chapter 12Calculation of Petroleum Quantities Section 2Calculation of Petroleum Quantities Using Dynamic Measurement Methods and Volumetric Correction Factors Part 2Measurement Tickets THIRD EDITION, JUNE 2003 REAFFIRMED, SEPTEMBER 2010Manual of Petroleum Me
2、asurement Standards Chapter 12Calculation of Petroleum Quantities Section 2Calculation of Petroleum Quantities Using Dynamic Measurement Methods and Volumetric Correction Factors Part 2Measurement Tickets Measurement Coordination THIRD EDITION, JUNE 2003 REAFFIRMED, SEPTEMBER 2010 SPECIAL NOTESAPI p
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14、lishing Services, 1220 L Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20005.Copyright 2003 American Petroleum Institute FOREWORDThis ve-part publication consolidates and presents standard calculations for metering petroleum liquids using turbine or displacement meters. Units of measure in this publication are in
15、International System (SI) and United States Customary (USC) units consistent with North American industry practices. This standard has been developed through the cooperative efforts of many individuals from industry under the sponsorship of the American Petroleum Institute and the Gas Pro- cessors A
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18、 Petroleum Institute, 1220 L Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20005.iii CONTENTSPage1 PURPOSE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 2 SCOPE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
19、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 3 APPLICATION OF PART 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 4 ORGANIZATION OF STANDARD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 4.1 Part 1Introduction . .
20、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 4.2 Part 2Measurement Tickets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 4.3 Part 3Proving Reports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
21、. . . . . . . . . 2 4.4 Part 4Calculation of Base Prover V olumes by Waterdraw Method . . . . . . . . . 2 4.5 Part 5Calculation of Base Prover V olumes by Master Meter Method . . . . . . . 2 5 REFERENCES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
22、. . . . . . . . 2 6 FIELD OF APPLICATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 6.1 Applicable Liquids. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 6.2 Base Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . .
23、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 7 PRECISION, ROUNDING, AND DISCRIMINATION LEVELS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 7.1 Rounding of Numbers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 7.2 Discrimination
24、Levels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 8 DEFINITIONS, SYMBOLS, AND ABBREVIATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 8.1 Denitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25、 . . . . . . . 4 8.2 Symbols and Abbreviations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 9 CORRECTION FACTORS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 9.1 Liquid Density Correction Factors . . . . . . .
26、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 9.2 Meter Factors and Composite Meter Factors (MFs, CMFs). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 9.3 Combined Correction Factor (CCF) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 9.4 Correction for Sediment and Water
27、(CSW) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 10 RECORDING OF FIELD DATA. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 11 RULES FOR ROUNDING, CALCULATIONAL SEQUENCE, AND DISCRIMINATION LEVELS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
28、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 12 MEASUREMENT TICKET EXAMPLES. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 12.1 Low Vapor Pressure Liquids . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 12.2 High Vapor Pressure Liquids . . . . .
29、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15v PageFigures 1 Measurement Ticket Flow Chart. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 Tables 1 Specied Discrimination Levels for Field Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
30、 . . . . 9 2 Liquid Density Discrimination Levels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 3 Temperature Discrimination Levels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 4 Pressure Discrimination Levels. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
31、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 5 Compressibility Factor Discrimination Levels. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 7 V olume Discrimination Levels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 6 Correction Factor Discrimin
32、ation Levels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10vi 1Chapter 12Calculation of Petroleum QuantitiesSection 2Calculation of Petroleum Quantities Using Dynamic Measurement Methods and Volumetric Correction Factors Part 2Measurement Tickets1 PurposeWhen most of the older st
33、andards were written, mechani- cal desk calculators were widely used for calculating mea- surement documentation, and tabulated values were used more widely than is the case today. Rules for rounding and the choice of how many gures to enter in each calculation step were often made on the spot. As a
34、 result, different opera- tors obtained different results from the same data. This ve-part publication consolidates and standardizes calculations pertaining to metering petroleum liquids using turbine or displacement meters and claries terms and expressions by eliminating local variations of such te
35、rms. The purpose of standardizing calculations is to produce the same unbiased answer from the given data. So that different opera- tors can obtain identical results from the same data, the rules for sequence, rounding, and discrimination of gures (or dec- imal places) have been dened.2 ScopeThis do
36、cument provides standardized calculation methods for the quantication of liquids and the determination of base prover volumes under dened conditions, regardless of the point of origin or destination or the units of measure required by governmental customs or statute. The criteria contained in this d
37、ocument allow different entities using various computer languages on different computer hardware (or manual calcu- lations) to arrive at identical results using the same standard- ized input data. The publication rigorously species the equations for com- puting correction factors, rules for rounding
38、, calculational sequence, and discrimination levels to be employed in the cal- culations. No deviations from these specications are permit- ted since the intent of this document is to serve as a rigorous standard.3 Application of Part 2The purpose of standardizing the terms and arithmetical procedur
39、es employed in calculating the amount of petro- leum liquid on a measurement ticket is to avoid disagree- ment between the parties involved. The purpose of Part 2, Measurement Tickets, is to obtain the same unbiased answer from the same measurement data, regardless of who or what does the computing.
40、 Calculations of correction factors and volumes may be done using continuous online integration techniques if agreed between the parties. The results of these calculations may not agree with the methods contained in this standard due to the variability in obtaining owing parameters. However, the equ
41、ations for computing correction factors and the rules for rounding, calculation sequence, and discrimination levels for any continuous online integration methods shall be identical to the specications contained in this standard. A measurement ticket is a written acknowledgment of a transfer of petro
42、leum liquids and is the legal document of transfer. In addition, it serves as an agreement between the authorized representatives of the parties concerned as to the measured quantities and quality of the liquid. The measure- ment ticket shall contain all eld data required to calculate the metered qu
43、antities. Care must be taken to ensure that all copies of a measure- ment ticket are legible. Proper scal procedures forbid mak- ing corrections or erasures on a measurement ticket unless the interested parties agree to do so and initial the ticket to that effect. Should a mistake be made, the ticke
44、t should be marked VOID and a new ticket prepared. The voided ticket should be attached to the new one to support the validity of the cor- rected ticket.4 Organization of StandardThe standard is organized into ve separate parts. Part 1 contains a general introduction for dynamic calculations. Part 2
45、 focuses on the calculation of metered quantities for s- cal purposes or measurement tickets. Part 3 applies to meter proving calculations for eld operations or proving reports. Parts 4 and 5 apply to the determination of base prover vol- umes (BPVs).4.1 PART 1INTRODUCTIONThe base (reference or stan
46、dard) volumetric determination of metered quantities is discussed along with the general terms required for solution of the equations. General rules for rounding of numbers, including eld data, intermediate calculational numbers, and discrimination levels, are specied. For the proper use of this sta
47、ndard, prediction of the density of the liquid in both owing and base conditions is discussed. 2 API MANUALOFPETROLEUMMEASUREMENTSTANDARDS, CHAPTER12CALCULATIONOFPETROLEUMSTANDARDSAn explanation of the principal correction factors associ- ated with dynamic measurement is presented.4.2 PART 2MEASUREM
48、ENT TICKETSThe application of this standard to the calculation of metered quantities is presented for base volumetric calcu- lations in conformance with North American industry practices. Recording of eld data, rules for rounding, discrimina- tion levels, calculation sequences, along with a detailed
49、 explanation with appropriate ow charts and a set of exam- ple calculations. The examples can be used to aid in check- out procedures for any computer calculation routines that are developed on the basis of the requirements stated in this standard.4.3 PART 3PROVING REPORTSThe application of this standard to the calculation of meter factors is presented for base volumetric calculations in con- formance with North American industry practices. Proving reports are utilized to calculate the meter correction and/or performance indicators. The de
