1、Manual of Petroleum Measurement Standards Chapter 14Natural Gas Fluids Measurement Section 4Converting Mass of Natural Gas Liquids and Vapors to Equivalent Liquid Volumes GPA 8173-90 FIRST EDITION, APRIL 1991 REAFFIRMED, JANUARY 2012Manual of Petroleum Measurement Standards Chapter 14Natural Gas Flu
2、ids Measurement Section 4Converting Mass of Natural Gas Liquids and Vapors to Equivalent Liquid Volumes Measurement Coordination GPA 8173-90 FIRST EDITION, APRIL 1991 REAFFIRMED, JANUARY 2012FOREWORD This standard was developed jointly by the Gas Processors Association (GPA), Section H, Product Meas
3、urement and Handling, and the American Petroleum Institute (API), Committee on Natural Gas Fluids Measurement. Chapter 14.4 of the manual is technically identical to GPA Standard 8 173. Only the format has been changed to match that of APIs Manual of Petroleum Measurement Standards. API publications
4、 may be used by anyone desiring to do so. Every effort has been made by the Institute to assure the accuracy and reliability of the data contained in them; however, the Institute makes no representation, warranty, or guarantee in connection with this publication and hereby expressly disclaims any li
5、ability or responsibility for loss or damage resulting from its use or for the violation of any federal, state, or municipal regulation with which this publication may conflict. Suggested revisions are invited and should be submitted to the director of the Measure- ment Coordination Department, Amer
6、ican Petroleum Institute, 1220 L Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20005. CONTENTS Page SECTION MONVERTING MASS OF NATURAL GAS LIQUIDS AND VAPORS TO EQUIVALENT LIQUID VOLUMES 14.4.1 14.4.2 14.4.3 14.4.4 14.4.5 14.4.6 Scope . . . . . . . . . . , . . . . . . . . . . , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7、. . Referenced Publications . . . . . . , . . . . . . . . . . . . , . . . . , . . . . . . . , . . . . , Outline of Method . , . . . . . , . . , . . . . . . . , . . . . . , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Precautions . . . . . . . . , . . . . , , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . , . . , .
8、. . . . . . . . . Calculations for Liquid and Vapor Conversion (English Units) . . . . . . . . Calculations for Liquid and Vapor Conversion (SI Units) . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 1 1 1 2 2 V API MPMS*l4.4 91 W 0732290 0095842 O W Chapter 14-Natural Gas Fluids Measurement SECTION GCQNVERTING MASS OF NA
9、TURAL GAS LIQUIDS AND VAPORS TO EQUIVALENT LIQUID VOLUMES 14.4.1 Scope This standard prescribes a method for converting the measured mass of natural gas liquids or natural gas vapors at operating conditions to equivalent liquid volumes of the components at 60F and equilibrium pressure for English un
10、its, or 15C and equilibrium pressure for SI units. 14.4.2 Referenced Publications The following standards, codes, and specifications are cited in this standard: API Technical Data Book Manual of Petroleum Measurement Standards Chapter 14.6, “Continuous Density Measurement”; Chapter 14.7, “Mass Measu
11、rement of Natural Gas Liquids” (GPA Std 8182) GPA Std 2 145 Table of Physical Constants of Parafin Hydrocarbons and Other Components of Natural Gas. Tentative Method for the Extended Analysis of Hydrocarbon Liquid Mixtures Containing Nitrogen and Carbon Dioxide by Temperature Programmed Gas Chromato
12、graphy. Std 2186 GPSA Engineering Data Book (“Physical Properties” Chapter) 14.4.3 Outline of Method 14.4.3.1 Mass is calculated by multiplying consistent units of a measured volume by its absolute density, with both volume and absolute density determined at the same flowing conditions. The resultin
13、g total mass is converted to individual component volumes using a component analysis and proper values of the absolute density in mass per unit volume of each component at 60F (or 15C) and its equilibrium pressure. 14.4.3.2 Volume and absolute density determination, sampling, and analysis shall be p
14、erformed as described or referenced in Chapter 14.7 (Gas Processors Association (GPA) Standard 8182). Gas Processors Association, 6526 E. 60th Street, Tulsa, OK 74145. *Gas Processors Suppliers Association, 6526 East 60th Sat, Tulsa, OK 74145. 14.4.3.3 The absolute density of pure hydrocarbons in po
15、unds mass per gallon (Kg/M3) as stated in GPA Standard 2145 shaii be used in the calculations. Unless contract terms specify otherwise, absolute density values shall be from the latest revision of GPA Standard 2145. In the examples in this publication, the absolute density values stafed in GPA Stan-
16、 dard 2145-86 were used. Note 1: The examples in this publication illustrate typical components. In actual practice, all the detected components that are representative of the measured product stream should be included in the conversion to equivalent liquid volumes. Note 2 if constants for hydrocarb
17、on components that are not presented in GPA Standard 2145 are required, the constants contained in the “Physical Properties”chapter of the GPSA Engineering DaraBookshal be used. If the required constants are not contained in the GPSA Engineering Data Book either, the API Technical Data Book constant
18、s shall be used. 14.4.4 Precautions Equipment, installation, an operations shall be in accord- ance with Chapter 14.7 (GPA Standard 8182); however, the following information is reiterated: a. Accurate dynamic measurement can be accomplished only with a single phase, homogeneous, Newtonian fluid. b.
19、To calculate mass accurately, density determination must be made at essentially the same pressure and temperature as the volume measurement, Allowable temperature and pres- sure deviations are set in Chapter 14.6. Density may either be measured directly or calculated in accordance with Chapter 14.7
20、(GPA Standard 8182). c. Dynamic measurement in the vapor phase must occur at a pressure below the equilibrium pressure (dew point pressure) of the mixture at operating conditions. d. Dynamic measurement in the liquid phase must occur at zt pressure above the equilibrium pressure (bubble point pres-
21、sure) of the mixture at all actual operating temperatures and compositions. This standard may also be applied to the meas- urement of supercritical fluids. e. Measuring and sampling equipment shal be located where it will not be affected by pulsation; mechanical vibra- tion; and compressor-, pump-,
22、or control-valve-generated noise that would adversely affect measurement accuracy. 1 2 API MPMS*l4-4 9% 0732270 0095843 2 CHAPTER 14-NATURAL GAS FLUIDS MEASUREMENT 14.4.5 Calculations for Liquid and Vapor Conversion (English Units) Step l-Convert mol percent analysis to weight fraction: Given: Compo
23、sitional analysis (mol percent) Molecular weight constants from GPA Standard 2145. a. Multiply the mol percent of each component by the molecular weight of that component, (I) x (2). b. Divide the resulting product for each component (3) by the sum of the products of all components to obtain the wei
24、ght fraction of each component (4). (1) (2) (3) (4) Sum of Mol Mol Percent x Percent x Mol Molecular Molecular Molecular Weight Component percent Weight Weight Weight . Fraction CO2 0.11 x 44.010 = 4.84 4372.27 0.001107 - 2.14 16.043 38.97 30.070 36.48 44.097 2.94 58.123 8.77 58.123 1.71 72.150 1.82
25、 72.150 7.06 87.436a 100.00 34.33 1171.83 1608.66 170.88 509.74 123.38 131.31 617.30 4372.27 4372.27 4372.27 4372.27 4372.27 4372.27 4372.27 4372.27 4372.27 0.007852 0.268014 0.367923 0.039083 O. 1 16585 0.028219 0.030032 O. 141 185 1 .oooo00 Step 2-Calculate the mass of each component: Given: Total
26、 pounds mass = 825,300 Component weight fractions from Step 1. a. Multiply the weight fraction by the total mass to obtain the pounds mass of each component. b. Add the pounds mass of all components to ensure that the sum equals the total pounds mass. Component CO2 Ci c2 c3 IC4 NCq IC5 Weight Fracti
27、on y 0.001 107 0.007852 0.268014 0.367923 0.039083 0.1 16585 0.028219 NCs 0.030032 c6+ 0.141185 Total Mass (pounds) 825,300 825,300 825,300 825,300 825,300 825,300 825,300 825,300 825,300 Component Mass - (pounds) 914 6,480 221,192 303,647 32,255 96.2 18 23,289 24,785 116,520 a. Divide the component
28、 mass of each component by its absolute density to obtain the equivalent liquid volume. Component Mass Density (pounds Gallons at 60F. EVP 134 CO2 ci 6,480 2.5000 2,592 c2 221,192 2.9696 74,485 c3 303,647 4.2268 71,839 IC4 32,255 4.6927 6,873 NC4 96,218 4.8690 19,761 IC5 23,289 5.2082 4,472 NCs 24,7
29、85 5.2617 4,710 204,446 Component (pounds) per gallon) - 914 i 6.8199 - c6+ 116,520 5.951 19,580 From extended analysis as described in GPA Standard 2186. The hexanes-plus component may be reported as hexanes and heptanes-plus. 14.4.6 Calculations for Liquid and Vapor Conversion (SI Units) Step l-Co
30、nvert mol percent analysis to weight fraction: Given: Compositional analysis (mol percent) Molecular weight constants from GPA Standard 2145. a. Multiply the mol percent of each component by the molecular weight of that component, (1) x (2). b. Divide the resulting product for each component (3) by
31、the sum of the products of all components to obtain the weight fraction of each component (4). Component CO2 ci c2 c3 IC4 NC4 ICs NC5 c6+ (1) (2) (3) (4) Sum of Mol Mol Percent x Percent x Mol Molecular Molecular Molecular Weight percent Weight Weight Weight Fraction 0.11 X 44.010 = 4.84 + 4372.27 =
32、 0.001107 2.14 16.043 34.33 4372.27 0.007852 38.97 30.070 1171.83 4372.27 0.268014 36.48 44.097 1608.66 4372.27 0.367923 2.94 58.123 170.88 4372.27 0.039083 8.77 58.123 509.74 4372.27 0.1 16585 1.71 72.150 123.38 4372.27 0.028219 1.82 72.150 131.31 4372.27 0.030032 7.06 87.436 617.30 4372.27 0.14118
33、5 100.00 4372.27 1 .oooooo Step 2-Calculate the mass of each component: 1 .oooooo 825,300 Given: Total kilograms mass = 374,350 Component weight fractions from Step 1. Step 3-Calculate the volume of each component at equi- librium pressure and 60F: Given: Absolute density of each component from GPA
34、Stan- a. Multiply the weight fraction by the total mass to obtain the kilograms mass of each component. b. Add the kilograms mass of all components to ensure that the sum equals the total kilograms mass. dard 2145. Component mass from Step 2. Order No. 852-30344 1-1700-4/91-7: (6A) PI 0732290 O095846 8 = American P.etroleum Institute 1220 L Street, Northwest
