1、Manual of Petroleum Measurement Standards Chapter 17Marine Measurement Section 8Guidelines for Pre-Loading Inspection of Marine Vessel Cargo Tanks FIRST EDITION, AUGUST 1998 REAFFIRMED, SEPTEMBER 2009Manual of Petroleum Measurement Standards Chapter 17Marine Measurement Section 8Guidelines for Pre-L
2、oading Inspection of Marine Vessel Cargo Tanks Exploration and Production Department, Measurement Coordination FIRST EDITION, AUGUST 1998 REAFFIRMED, SEPTEMBER 2009 SPECIAL NOTESAPI publications necessarily address problems of a general nature. With respect to partic- ular circumstances, local, stat
3、e, and federal laws and regulations should be reviewed. API is not undertaking to meet the duties of employers, manufacturers, or suppliers to warn and properly train and equip their employees, and others exposed, concerning health and safety risks and precautions, nor undertaking their obligations
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14、Washington, D.C. 20005.Copyright 1998 American Petroleum Institute FOREWORDAPI publications may be used by anyone desiring to do so. Every effort has been made by the Institute to assure the accuracy and reliability of the data contained in them; however, the Institute makes no representation, warra
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16、d should be submitted to Measurement Coordinator, Exploration and Production Department, American Petroleum Institute, 1220 L Street, N.W., Washington, D. C. 20005.iii CONTENTSPage1 INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
17、 . 1 2 SCOPE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 3 REFERENCED PUBLICATIONS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 4 DEFINITIONS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
18、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 5 GENERAL INFORMATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 6 SAFETY AND HEALTH CONSIDERATIONS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 6.1 General
19、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 6.2 Physical Characteristics and Fire Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 6.3 Special Safety Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
20、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 7 PRIOR TO PERFORMING PRE-LOADING TANK INSPECTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 7.1 Vessel Responsibilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 7.2 Key Meeting. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
21、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 8 DECK LEVEL INSPECTION PROCEDURES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 9 TANK ENTRY INSPECTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 9.1 Tank Entry Precaution
22、s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 9.2 Tank Entry Inspection Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 9.3 Wipe Testing and Wall Wash Testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
23、 . . . . . . 4 9.4 Reporting Tank Entry Inspection Results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 9.5 Line Sample . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 9.6 First-Foot Sample Procedure . . . . . . . . . .
24、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 APPENDIX A FLOW CHARTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 APPENDIX B PROCEDURES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 APPENDIX
25、C SAMPLE PERMIT/REPORT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 Figures A-1 Flow Chart for Key Meeting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 A-2 Deck Level Inspection Flow Chart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
26、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 A-3 Tank Entry Inspection Flow Chart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 A-4 Wall Wash Flow Chart. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 B-1 Wall Wash Procedures. . .
27、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 Tables B-1 Wall Washing Tanks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 C-1 Conned Space Entry Permit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
28、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 C-2 Tank Inspection Report . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14v 1Chapter 17Marine MeasurementSection 8Guidelines for Pre-Loading Inspection of Marine Vessel Cargo Tanks 1 IntroductionThe shipment of crude
29、oil, petroleum products, and petro- chemicals requires stringent quality control during the load- ing, transport, and discharge operations. Consequently, it is important to determine whether the vessels tanks and associ- ated cargo-loading equipment are sufciently clean so that the intended cargo wi
30、ll not be contaminated. Cargoes of crude oil, petroleum and petrochemicals have varying tolerances regarding the extent to which they are affected by on board quantities (OBQ) or residues after tank cleaning operations. These guidelines for pre-loading inspec- tion of a vessels tanks are intended to
31、 minimize the risk of contaminating the cargo to be loaded. Tank inspection activities performed on board a vessel shall be accomplished in the presence of, or with the express permission of, the vessels master or other appropriate author- ity. For safety reasons, only appropriate and approved equip
32、- ment shall be used.2 ScopeThese guidelines specify procedures for determining that the cargo tanks and associated loading equipment of marine vessels are in a suitably clean condition to receive the intended cargo. They apply to vessel tanks intended to load crude oil, petroleum, and petrochemical
33、 cargoes. The extent of pre-loading tank inspection will vary depending on the nature of the cargo to be loaded. These guidelines recom- mend the extent of inspection that should be instituted for cer- tain general types of cargoes and an example of a format that may be used for reporting the ndings
34、 of tank inspections. Because of the wide variety of conditions that may exist when performing pre-loading tank inspections, this guideline is not intended to restrict the judgment of the person performing the inspection.3 Referenced PublicationsThe following API documents are referenced in the text
35、 of this chapter. API Manual of Petroleum Measurement Standards Chapter 8SamplingChapter 17.1Guidelines for Marine Cargo InspectionChapter 17.4Method for Quantication of Small Vol- umes on Marine Vessels (OBQ/ROB)Chapter 17.6Guidelines for Determining Fullness of Pipelines Between Vessels and Shore
36、TanksRP 1141Guidelines for Conned Space Entry on Board Tank Ships in the Petroleum IndustryRP 2003Protection Against Ignitions Arising Out of Static, Lightning, and Stray CurrentsPubl 2217AGuidelines for Work in Inert Conned Spaces in the Petroleum IndustryICS/OCIMF1International Safety Guide for Oi
37、l Tankers and Terminals4 Denitions4.1 rst-foot sample (also, test portion sample or rst-in sample):a sample taken after approximately 1 ft. (0.3 m) of cargo has been loaded into a vessels tank.4.2 gas-free:A tank, compartment or container is gas-free when sufcient fresh air has been introduced into
38、it to lower the level of any ammable, toxic or inert gas to that required for a specic purpose, e.g., hot work, entry, etc.4.3 wall wash test:The procedure for washing selected areas, such as the interior bulkheads, tank bottoms and sumps of cargo tanks, with an appropriate wash liquid; and, subse-
39、quently, testing the wash liquid for the presence of material which might contaminate cargo to be loaded.4.4 wipe test:The procedure of physically wiping any interior surface (bulkheads, steam coils, etc.) of the vessels tanks with absorbent white rags. This procedure is used to test the wiped surfa
40、ces for possible color contamination.5 General InformationThe procedures in this guideline should be performed only by properly trained and experienced personnel using appro- priate and safe methods and equipment. All procedures described and recommended in this publi- cation shall be accomplished w
41、ith strict adherence to the safety requirements that are specied in the International Safety Guide for Oil Tankers & Terminals (ISGOTT)or other specic requirements of vessel and terminal operators, and regulatory authorities.1Oil Companies International Marine Forum, 15th Floor, 96, Victo- ria Stree
42、t, London SW1E 5JW, United Kingdom. 2CHAPTER17MARINEMEASUREMENT6 Safety and Health Considerations6.1 GENERALDue consideration must always be given to applicable safety and health procedures. Considerations should include but are not limited topossible electrostatic and other re and explosion hazards
43、, protection from potential dangers to per- sonnel (for example, various protective clothing and equip- ment requirements and work practices), and potential explosive, re, toxic, and oxygen deciency hazards associ- ated with a cargo tanks environment. The physical character- istics of the cargo and
44、existing operating conditions should be evaluated carefully, and applicable international, federal, state, and local regulations should be strictly observed. Safety pro- cedures designated by the employer, the vessels operator, and other concerned parties also must be observed. The ISGOTT, and appro
45、priate OCIMF and API publications should be con- sulted for additional safety information. Petroleum vapors and associated substancesincluding hydrogen sulde vapors from “sour” crude and heavy fuel oilsalso may involve potential toxicity. Petroleum vapors with high concentrations of hydrogen sulde m
46、ay cause unconsciousness or death. During and after the opening of the inspection or gauge hatch, all personnel should stand far enough away to minimize the inhalation of vapor. Since toxic vapors or oxygen deciency cannot be detected safely by smell, visual inspection, or judgment, appropriate prec
47、autions should be taken to ensure protection. Provisions should be made for appropriate exposure monitoring, protec- tive equipment for personnel, and emergency rescue proce- dures. When it is necessary, personnel should have suitable respiratory protection prior to entering the tank inspection site
48、 or the tank.6.2 PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND FIRE CONSIDERATIONSPersonnel who handle petroleum-related substances, as well as other chemical materials, should be familiar with their phys- ical and chemical characteristicsincluding potential for re, explosion and reactivityand with potential toxicit
49、y and health hazards and emergency procedures. Personnel should be alert to avoid potential sources of ignition and should keep containers of materials closed when not in use. Information regarding particular materials and conditions should be obtained from the employer, the manufacturer, or the supplier of that material, or from the material safety data sheet (MSDS).6.3 SPECIAL SAFETY CONSIDERATIONSAPI Recommended Practice 1141, ISGOTT, and any appli- cable regulations should be consulted when tank inspection requires entry into compartments o
